Hadron

Key Stage 5

Meaning

Hadrons are a type of fermion which are subject to the strong nuclear interaction.

About Hadrons

Hadrons, though extremely small, are not fundamental particles as they are made of quarks.

Hadrons include:

• Baryons - A type of hadron made of 3 quarks.
  • Proton - A type of baryon with a mass of 1.67x10^-27kg and a charge of 1.60x10^-19 Coulombs, made of 2 Up-quarks and 1 Down-quark.
  • Neutron - A type of baryon with a mass of 1.67x10^-27kg and zero charge, made of 2 Down-quarks and 1 Up-quark.
• Mesons - Types of hadron consisting of a quark-antiquark pair.

Hadrons are affected by the:

• Strong Nuclear Interaction
• Weak Nuclear Interaction
• Electromagnetic Interaction
• Gravitational Interaction

Properties of the quarks.

Hadron	Charge/e	Strangeness	Baryon Number	Quark Composition
Proton	\(Q=+1\)	\(S=0\)	\(B=+1\)	\(uud\)
Neutron	\(Q=0\)	\(S=0\)	\(B=+1\)	\(udd\)
Antiproton	\(Q=-1\)	\(S=0\)	\(B=-1\)	\(\bar{u}\bar{u}\bar{d}\)
Antineutron	\(Q=0\)	\(S=0\)	\(B=-1\)	\(\bar{u}\bar{d}\bar{d}\)