Key Stage Wiki - User contributions [en]

Adolf Hitler

2019-08-13T18:16:00Z

George Simms:

==Key Stage 4 History==
===Who?===
'''Adolf Hitler''' (1889-1945) was an [[Autrian]] born man who fought for the [[German]]s in the [[First World War]], became the leader of the [[Nazi Party]], was elected to [[German Chancellor]] then became [[Fuhrer]] of [[Nazi Germany]] leading them into and through the [[Second World War]].

===About Hitler===
:'''Adolf Hitler''' (1889-1945) was the Chancellor (from 1933) and later Fuhrer (from 1934) of Germany. He was leader of the [[Nazi Party]] and led Germany through the [[Second World War]], which he initiated by invading Poland on 1 September 1939.
:'''Hitlers''' role in the [[Holocaust]] makes him widely regarded as one of the most brutal genocidal dictators of modern history, similar to [[Joseph Stalin]] and [[Mao Tse-Tung]].
:'''Hitlers''' [[far-right]] [[nationalist]] and [[anti-semitic]] ideas were spread throughout Germany and Europe as leader of the Nazi Party.

===Hitler before the Nazi Party===
Born in Austria, Hitler moved to Germany in 1913, and served as a soldier in [[World War One]], even being decorated for his efforts. After [[World War One]], he was one of a large group of Germans who believed the [[Treaty of Versailles]] had stabbed the German people in the back, the idea of [[Dolchstoss]]. In 1919, a year after the end of the war, Hitler joined the German Workers Party (DAP - Deutsche Arbeiterpartei), which in 1921 became the National Socialist German Workers Party (NSDAP) in 1921, of which Hitler was leader. At this time, the NSDAP was a very small, populist right-wing political party based around the idea of reclaiming power in Germany from the [[Weimar Government]], taking revenge for the [[Dolchstoss]].

===Hitler's Role in [[The Munich Putsch]]===
In 1923, Adolf Hitler, alongside approximately 2,000 NSDAP members and former high ranking German officers such as Eric Ludendorff (the leader of the [[Ludendorff Offensive]]), stormed the Feldherrnhalle in Munich, in southern Germany on 8 November 1923. Known as the Munich or Beer Hall Putsch, the aim was to seize power in Munich, one of Germany's largest cities and was key in raising Hitler's profile across Germany. The coup was unsuccessful, but can be seen as planting the seed which would see the NSDAP, or Nazi Party, grow across Germany. It is considered by many to be a success for Hitler, as although he failed to seize power, his following widely publicised, 24-day trial for treason saw him able to widely spread his [[nationalist]] ideas throughout the nation.

===Hitler in Prison===
Having been sentenced to 5 years in prison for treason, Hitler began writing [[Mein Kampf]], or My Struggle, describing Hitler's reasoning for his beliefs and outlines his political ideology and plans for the future after his release. Volume One of Mein Kampf was published in 1925 and Volume Two a year later, selling slowly before his future rise to power in Germany in 1933. Hitler was released from prison just 9 months later in 1924.

===Hitler as Leader of the Nazi Party===
After Hitler was released from prison, his main aim was to legitimise the Nazi Party and gain power in Germany through legitimate, democratic political means, instead of a coup like the Munich Putsch. The first German election the Nazi Party were involved in was May 1924. In this they gained 32 seats in the [[Reichstag]] and 6.5% of the vote, before their vote subsequently declined in elections in December 1924 and 1928. However, by 1930 the Nazi Party began to gain a legitimate following across Germany, as the [[Great Depression]] hit in 1929, the German economy was in ruins and unemployment in particular was at a high. Hitler promised to restore the economy, bring back jobs and also defy the widely unpopular [[Treaty of Versailles]]. This was perfect timing for Hitler's Nazi Party to take advantage of the political climate in Germany; people wanted a big change from their lives and the Nazis offered it. As a result of this, in 1930 the Nazis gained 107 seats and 18.3% of the vote. Two years later, when Hitler was [[President Hindenburg]]'s main opposition for the German Presidency, the Nazi Party became the largest in Germany, with 230 seats. Hitler's run for the presidency was unsuccessful, gaining 36.8% of the vote to Hindenburg's 53%.

===Hitler as Chancellor===
With the Nazis as the largest party in the Reichstag, Hitler was the Chancellor, but this meant he worked alongside the President, Hindenburg. Hitler wanted complete control of Germany; he wanted to remove democracy and choice from the German people and make Germany a totally National Socialist nation. Within the German Cabinet were three Nazi members: Hitler was named chancellor, Wilhelm Frick Minister of the Interior, and Hermann Göring Minister of the Interior for Prussia. However, this wasn't enough for Hitler. On 27 Februrary 1933, the Reichstag burned down under suspicious circumstances. Dutch Communist Marinus van der Lubbe was found near the building and is blamed for the fire, however some historians today still argue that it was in fact the Nazis who burned down the Reichstag. Under encouragment from Hitler, Hindenburg passed with the Reichstag Fire Decree of 28 February, which suspended basic rights and allowed detention without trial in Germany. The decree was allowed by Article 48 of the [[Weimar Constitution]], which gave the president the ability in emergencies to protect public safety and order. The German Communist Party (KPD) was heavily supressed, and some 4,000 KPD members were arrested in the following months. Hitler's next step was the killer blow; passing the [[Enabling Act]], which would allow him to pass laws in Germany, even ones which defied the constitution, for 4 years - without the permission of the Reichstag. This bill would effectively give Hitler singular control of Germany. The Enabling Act needed 2/3 of the Reichstag to vote for it to pass, and Hitler was helped by the 81 Communist (KPD) members of the Reichstag being arrested, under the provisions of the Reichstag Fire Decree. On 23 March 1933, the day of the vote for the [[Enabling Act]], the Kroll Opera House where the vote was taking place was filled with [[SA]] soldiers, heavily intimidating all non-Nazi politicians, likely to the point of forcing many to vote for the bill. The Enabling Act passed by an overwhelming majority of 441-84 and Hitler, for the first time, held true power over Germany.

===Hitler as Fuhrer===
Now Hitler controlled two key branches of government, the executive and the legislative, the Nazi Party began solidifying their own power. The Social Democratic Party (SDP), the Nazi's largest opposition, was banned and its assets seized. On 2 May 1933, all [[Trade Unions]] were forced to dissolve in Germany and many Union leaders were sent to the first [[Concentration Camps]]. On 14th July 1933, the Nazi Party was confirmed as the only legal political party in Germany, completely removing all legitimate opposition to the party. Nearly a year later, 30 June 1934, the [[Night of the Long Knives]] saw Hitler completely change the leadership of the [[SA]], with former allies such as [[Ernst Rohm]] and Gregor Strasser being murdered. The final step to total power over Germany for Hitler was the death of President Hindenburg on 2 August 1934. The day before, with Hindenburg's death clearly imminent, the Nazi cabinet had passed the "Law Concerning the Highest State Office of the Reich". This said that when Hindenburg died, the office of president would be abolished and its powers combined with the chancellor. This made Adolf Hitler the German head of state as well as head of government, and with this role he adopted the name [[Fuhrer]], meaning leader. For Hitler, this removed the last legal method by which he could lose power.

===Hitler controlling Nazi Germany===

The main focus of Hitler's time leading Germany before the [[Second World War]] was preparing for war. In October 1933, Hitler withdrew Germany from the [[League of Nations]] and in the first meeting of his cabinet in 1933, he made it very clear that rearmament of Germany was the priority. This rearmament was in violation of the terms of the [[Treaty of Versailles]], which Hitler had built a large part of his image on criticising. In August 1934, Hitler appointed economist [[Hjalmar Schacht]] as Minister of Economics. Reconstruction and rearmament of Germany were financed through Schacht's [[Mefo bills]], as well as printing money, and seizing or stealing the assets of people arrested as enemies of the State, including Jews, Romany people, and the less able. There were some great successes of Hitler's Germany; unemployment fell from six million in 1932 to one million in 1936, and as well as this,
Hitler oversaw a massive infrastructure improvement campaign, leading to the construction of dams, autobahns, railroads, and other civil works. Germany reoccupied the demilitarised zone in the Rhineland in March 1936, in violation of the Versailles Treaty. Hitler also sent troops to Spain to support General Franco during the Spanish Civil War in July 1936. Also at this time, Hitler continued trying to create an Anglo-German alliance. In August 1936, as Hitler's attempts at rearmament saw Germany's economy begin to crumble, Adolf Hitler employed [[Hermann Göring]] to put in place a Four Year Plan to prepare Germany for war within the next four years.

The plan envisaged an all-out struggle between "Judeo-Bolshevism" and German national socialism, which in Hitler's view required a committed effort of rearmament regardless of the economic costs.

Germany withdrew from the League of Nations and the World Disarmament Conference in October 1933.
At the first meeting of his cabinet in 1933, Hitler prioritised military spending over unemployment relief.

Count Galeazzo Ciano, foreign minister of Mussolini's government, declared an axis between Germany and Italy, and on 25 November, Germany signed the Anti-Comintern Pact with Japan. Britain, China, Italy, and Poland were also invited to join the Anti-Comintern Pact, but only Italy signed in 1937.

===Hitler and the 1936 Olympic Games===
Germany hosted the 1936 Olympic Games. Hitler officiated at the opening ceremonies and attended events at both the Winter Games in Garmisch-Partenkirchen and the Summer Games in Berlin.

===Hitler's Role in [[Second World War]]===

===Hitler's Death===

History Subject

2019-08-12T16:29:15Z

George Simms: /* Military Developments in 1918 */

Key Stage Wiki is looking for contributors to accelerate the process of creating the History curriculum pages.

==History Key Stage 4==
==Understanding the Modern World==
===America, 1840-1895: Expansion and Consolidation===
====Expansion: Opportunities and Challenges====
=====[[North America]]=====
*[[Geography]]
*[[Great American Desert]]
*[[Manifest Destiny]]
===[[Going West]]===
*[[Early American Settlers]]
*[[Mormons]]
**[[The Mountain Meadows Massacre]]
*[[Journey]]
*[[Pioneer Migrant Farmers]]
*[[Miners]]
===[[Plains Indians]]===
*[[Culture and Way of Life]]
*[[Early Government Policy]]
*[[Permanent Indian Frontier]]
*[[Relationship with the Plains Indians]]
===[[Conflict across America]]===
====[[Conflict on the Plains]]====
*[[Fort Laramie Treaty]]
*[[Policy of Concentration]]
*[[The Indian Wars]]
**[[Causes]]
**[[Consequences]]
*[[Sand Creek Massacre]]
*[[Fetterman’s Trap]]
===[[American Civil War]]===
*[[Differences between North and South]]
*[[Slavery]]
*[[Westwards Expansion]]
*[[Free States Abolitionism]]
*[[Missouri Compromise]]
*[[John Brown]]
*[[Abraham Lincoln]]
*[[Jefferson Davis]]
*[[Social impact of the Civil War]]
*[[Economic impact of the Civil War]]
===[[Aftermath of the Civil War]]===
*[[13th Amendment]]
*[[Civil Rights Act]]
*[[Rebuilding the South]]
*[[1866-1877]]
*[[Carpetbaggers]]
*[[Federal and State Powers]]
===[[Settlement of the West]]===
*[[The Homesteaders]]
*[[Why West?]]
*[[Government Actions and Laws]]
*[[Land and Railroads]]
*[[Farming Problems]]
**[[Farming Solutions]]
===[[The Resolution of the ‘Indian Problem’]]===
*[[The Small Reservations Policy]]
*[[Attitudes towards Native Americans]]
*[[Battle of the Little Big Horn]]
*[[The Dawes Act]]
*[[Battle of Wounded Knee]]
*[[The Closing of the Frontier]]
**[[The Impact on Native Americans]]

==Germany, 1890-1945: Democracy and dictatorship==
====Germany and the Growth of Democracy====
=====[[Ruling Germany]]=====
*[[Germany]]
*[[Kaiser Wilhelm II]]
*[[Difficulties in Ruling Germany]]
*[[Rise of Parliamentary Government]]
*[[Influence of Prussian Militarism]]
*[[Industrialisation in Germany]]
*[[Social Reform]]
**[[The Growth of Socialism]]
*[[Navy Laws]]

===[[WWI]]===
*[[War Weariness]]
*[[Economic Problems caused by WWI]]
*[[Defeat in WWI]]
*[[The End of German Monarchy]]
*[[The Crisis of 1923]]
**[[Reparations]]
**[[The Occupation of the Ruhr]]
**[[Hyperinflation]]
===[[Weimar Democracy]]===
*[[Political Change and Unrest in Germany, 1919-1923]]
**[[Spartacists]]
**[[Kapp Putsch]]
**[[Munich Putsch]]
*[[Economic Recovery and Developments under Stresemann]]
*[[Gustav Stresemann]]
**[[Reichsmark]]
**[[Dawes Plan]]
**[[Young Plan]]
**[[International Impact]]
*[[Weimar Culture]]
===[[Germany and the Depression]]===
*[[Great Depression]]
*[[Adolf Hitler]]
*[[National Socialism]]
*[[Rise of Extremism in Germany]]
**[[Right-Wing Extremism]]
**[[Rise of the National Socialists]]
***[[Role of the SA]]
*[[Hitler’s Appeal to the Masses]]
===[[The Failure of Weimar Democracy]]===
*[[Election Results]]
*[[Franz von Papen]]
*[[President Hindenburg]]
*[[Hitler becomes Chancellor]]
===[[Establishing Hitler’s Dictatorship]]===
*[[Reichstag Fire]]
*[[Enabling Act]]
*[[Elimination of Political Opposition]]
*[[Trade Unions in Germany]]
*[[Ernst Rohm]]
*[[Night of the Long Knives]]
*[[Führer]]
===The Experiences of Germans under the Nazis===
====[[Economic Changes under the Nazis]]====
*[[Economic Benefits]]
*[[Economic Drawbacks]]
*[[Employment under the Nazis]]
**[[Public Works Programmes]]
*[[Rearmament]]
*[[Self-Sufficiency]]
*[[Economy during the War]]
===[[The Impact of War on the German People]]===
*[[Bombing]]
*[[Rationing]]
*[[Labour Shortages]]
*[[Refugees]]
===[[Social Policy under the Nazis]]===
*[[Joseph Goebbels]]
*[[Nazi Propaganda]]
*[[Censorship under the Nazis]]
*[[Nazi Culture]]
*[[Repression and the Police State]]
*[[Heinrich Himmler]]
*[[SS]]
*[[Gestapo]]
===[[Opposition to the Nazis]]===
*[[White Rose Group]]
*[[Swing Youth]]
*[[Edelweiss Pirates]]
*[[Stauffenberg Plot]]

==Russia, 1894-1945: Tsardom and Communism==
===The End of Tsardom===
====[[Russian Economy and Society]]====
*[[Russia]]
*[[Tsardom]]
*[[Absolutism]]
*[[Russian Industrialisation]]
*[[Living and Working in Russia]]
===[[Nicholas II]]===
*[[Autocracy in Russia]]
*[[Nicholas’ Court]]
===[[Revolutionary Tensions in Russia]]===
*[[Revolution]]
*[[Growth of Revolutionary Tensions]]
*[[1905 Russian Revolution]]
*[[October Manifesto]]
*[[Attempts to reform Russia]]
*[[Dumas]]
*[[Pyotr Stolypin]]
**[[Stolypin’s Policies]]
===[[WWI]]===
*[[Impact of WWI on Tsarist Government]]
*[[Social Effects of WWI in Russia]]
*[[Economic Effects of WWI in Russia]]
*[[Unpopularity of the Romanovs]]
**[[Rasputin]]
*[[Abdication of Nicholas I]]
===Lenin’s New Society===
====[[The Provisional Government]]====
*[[Communism]]
**[[Karl Marx]]
*[[Bolshevism]]
*[[Failure to deal with Russia’s problems]]
**[[Social]]
**[[Economic]]
**[[Military]]
*[[Leon Trotsky]]
*[[Vladimir Lenin]]
*[[Rise of the Bolsheviks]]
*[[October Revolution]]
===[[Lenin’s Dictatorship]]===
*[[Dictatorship]]
*[[USSR]]
*[[End of WWI]]
*[[Cheka]]
*[[Red Army]]
*[[Russian Civil War]]
**[[Causes]]
**[[Events]]
**[[Consequences]]
*[[Bolshevik Propaganda]]
===[[Social and Economic Developments under Bolshevism]]===
*[[War Communism]]
*[[Kronstadt Rising]]
*[[New Economic Policy]]
*[[Achievements of Lenin and Trostsky]]
===Stalin’s USSR===
====[[Joseph Stalin]]====
*[[Lenin’s Succession]]
*[[Communist Control of Government]]
*[[Red Terror]]
*[[The Purges]]
*[[Stalin’s Army]]
*[[Stalin’s Secret Police]]
*[[Labour Camps under Stalin]]
*[[Censorship under Stalin]]
*[[Stalin’s Cult of Personality]]
*[[Propaganda under Stalin]]
===[[Stalin’s Modernisation of the USSR]]===
*[[Collectivisation]]
*[[Five Year Plans]]
*[[Kulaks]]
**[[Social and Economic Consequences for Kulaks]]
*[[Society under Stalin]]
**[[City Dwellers under Stalin]]
**[[Women under Stalin]]
**[[Workers under Stalin]]
*[[Results of Modernisation]]
===[[Impact of WWII on USSR]]===
*[[Stalin’s Wartime Leadership]]
*[[Great Patriotic War]]
*[[Problems caused by WWII in Russia]]
**[[Economic Effects of WWII in Russia]]
**[[Social Effects of WWII in Russia]]
**[[Political Effects of WWII in Russia]]

==America,1920-1973: Opportunity and Inequality==
===American People and ‘The Boom’===
====[[The ‘Boom’]]====
*[[Stock Market]]
**[[Wall Street]]
*[[Benefits of the ‘Boom’]]
*[[Advertising and Consumer Society in 1920s America]]
*[[Hire Purchase]]
*[[Mass Production]]
**[[Ford and the Motor Industry]]
*[[Wealth Inequality]]
**[[Wealth Inequality in 1920s America]]
*[[Republican Government Policies, 1920s]]
**[[Republican Party]]
*[[Stock Market Boom]]
===[[Social and Cultural Developments in 1920s America]]===
*[[Entertainment in 1920s America]]
**[[Cinema]]
**[[Jazz]]
*[[Women in 1920s American Society]]
**[[Flappers]]
*[[Organised Crime]]
*[[Prohibition]]
**[[Impact of Prohibition on Society]]
*[[Racism in 1920s America]]
**[[Causes of Racism in 1920s America]]
**[[Klu Klux Klan (KKK)]]
*[[Immigrants in 1920s America]]
**[[Impacts of Immigrants on American Society]]
*[[Red Scare]]
**[[Sacco and Vanzetti Case]]
===Bust - American’s Experiences of the Depression and New Deal===
====[[American Society during the Great Depression]]====
*[[Unemployment during the Great Depression]]
*[[Farming during the Great Depression]]
*[[Businessmen during the Great Depression]]
*[[Herbert Hoover]]
**[[Hoover’s Responses]]
**[[Hoover’s Unpopularity]]
*[[Franklin D. Roosevelt]]
**[[Roosevelt’s Election]]
*[[New Deal]]
**[[Effects of the New Deal on Society]]
**[[Successes of the New Deal]]
**[[Limitations of the New Deal]]
**[[Opposition to the New Deal from Supreme Court]]
***[[Supreme Court]]
*[[Republicans]]
**[[Radical Politicians]]
*[[Roosevelt as President]]
*[[Pop Culture in Pre-War America]]
===[[Impact of WWII]]===
*[[WWII]]
*[[Impacts of WWII on America]]
*[[America’s Economic Recovery]]
*[[Lend Lease]]
*[[Exports in Post-War America]]
*[[Social Developments in Post-War America]]
**[[Experiences of African-Americans in Post-War America]]
**[[Experiences of Women in Post-War America]]
===Post-War America===
====[[Post-War American Society and Economy]]====
*[[Consumerism]]
*[[Causes of Prosperity in Post-War America]]
*[[The American Dream]]
*[[McCarthyism]]
*[[Popular Culture in Post-War America]]
**[[Rock and Roll Music]]
**[[Television]]
===[[Civil Rights Movement]]===
*[[Segregation Laws]]
*[[Martin Luther King]]
*[[Peaceful Protest]]
*[[Malcolm X]]
*[[Black Power Movement]]
*[[Civil Rights Act 1964]]
*[[Civil Rights Act 1968]]
===[[America and the ‘Great Society’]]===
*[[John F. Kennedy]]
**[[Kennedy’s Social Policies]]
*[[Lyndon B. Johnson]]
**[[Johnson’s Social Policies]]
*[[Feminism in 1960s and ‘70s America]]
**[[Fight for Equal Pay in 1960s and ‘70s America]]
**[[National Organisation for Women]]
**[[Roe v Wade (1973)]]
**[[Supreme Court Ruling on Equal Rights (1972)]]
**[[Opposition to Equal Rights Amendment]]

==Conflict and Tension: the First World War, 1894-1918==
===The Causes of the First World War===
====[[The Alliance System]]====
*[[WWI]]
*[[The Triple Alliance]]
**[[Germany]]
**[[Austria-Hungary]]
**[[Italy]]
*[[Franco-Russian Alliance]]
**[[France]]
**[[Russia]]
*[[Relations between the ‘Entente’ powers]]
**[[Entente]]
*[[Moroccan Crises (1905 and 1911)]]
**[[Moroccan Crises Effect on International Relations]]
*[[Crisis in the Balkans (1908-1909)]]
**[[Balkan Crisis Effect on International Relations]]
===[[Anglo-German Rivalry]]===
**[[Great Britian]]
*[[Splendid Isolation]]
**[[Challenges to Splendid Isolation]]
*[[Kaiser Wilhelm’s Foreign Policy]]
**[[Weltpolitik]]
*[[Colonial Tensions between Britain and Germany]]
*[[European Rearmament pre-WWI]]
**[[Anglo-German Naval Race]]
===[[Outbreak of WWI]]===
*[[Slav Nationalism]]
*[[Serbia]]
**[[Relations between Serbia and Austria-Hungary]]
*[[Archduke Franz Ferdinand]]
**[[The Assassination of Franz Ferdinand]]
*[[July Crisis]]
*[[Schlieffen Plan]]
*[[Why WWI broke out]]
*[[How WWI went from Tension to War]]
===WWI: Stalemate===
====[[Schlieffen Plan]]====
*[[Reasons for the Schlieffen Plan]]
*[[Failure of the Schlieffen Plan]]
**[[Battle of the Marne]]
===[[The Western Front]]===
*[[WWI Military Tactics and Technology]]
**[[Trench Warfare]]
*[[War of Attrition]]
*[[Key Battle of WWI]]
**[[Verdun]]
**[[The Somme]]
**[[Passchendaele]]
===[[WWI on a Wider Scale]]===
*[[Other Fronts to WWI]]
*[[Gallipoli]]
*[[WWI at Sea]]
**[[Jutland]]
**[[U-Boat Campaign]]
===Ending WWI===
*[[Changes in the Allied Forces during WWI]]
*[[October Revolution]]
**[[Withdrawal of Russia from WWI]]
*[[Entry of the USA into WWI]]
===[[Military Developments in 1918]]===
*[[How Military Developments helped Defeat Germany in 1918]]
*[[Evolution of Military Tactics and Technology through WWI]]
*[[Ludendorff Offensive]]
*[[German Spring Offensive]]
*[[Allied Advance during The Hundred Days]]

===[[Germany Surrenders]]===
*[[Impact of the Blockade]]
*[[Abdication of the Kaiser]]
**[[Kaiser Wilhelm II]]
*[[Armistice]]
*[[Field Marshall Douglas Haig]]
*[[Ferdinand Foch]]

==Conflict and Tension: The Inter-War Years, 1918-1939==
===Peacemaking===
====[[Armistice]]====
*[[Aims of the Peacemakers]]
*[[Woodrow Wilson]]
**[[Fourteen Points]]
*[[Georges Clemenceau]]
*[[David Lloyd George]]
*[[Success of the Peacemakers]]
===[[Treaty of Versailles]]===
*[[Diktat]]
*[[Changes in Territory post-WWI]]
*[[Military Restrictions post-WWI]]
*[[War Guilt]]
*[[Reparations]]
**[[WWI Reparations]]
===The League of Nations===
*[[League of Nations]]
**[[Formation of the League of Nations]]
**[[Organisation of the League of Nations]]
**[[Membership of the League of Nations]]
**[[Powers of the League of Nations]]
**[[Agencies of the League of Nations]]
**[[Contributions of the League of Nations to Peace in the 1920s]]
***[[Aaland Islands]]
***[[Upper Silesia]]
***[[Vilna]]
***[[Corfu]]
***[[Bulgaria]]
*[[Locarno Treaties]]
*[[Kellogg-Briand Pact]]
===[[The Collapse of the League of Nations]]===
*[[Great Depression]]
**[[Effects of the Great Depression on the League of Nations]]
*[[Manchurian Crisis]]
**[[Manchuria]]
*[[Abyssinian Crisis]]
**[[Abyssinia]]
*[[Failure of the League of Nations to stop WWII]]
===Origins and Outbreak of the Second World War===

===[[Development of Tension pre-WWII]]===
*[[WWII]]
*[[Adolf Hitler]]
**[[Hitler’s Aims]]
**[[Allied Reaction to Hitler]]
*[[Dolfuss Affair]]
*[[Saar]]
*[[German Rearmament]]
**[[German Conscription pre-WWII]]
*[[Stresa Front]]
*[[Anglo-German Naval Agreement]]
===[[Escalation of Tension Pre-WWII]]===
*[[Remilitarisation of the Rhineland]]
*[[Benito Mussolini]]
*[[Axis Forces]]
*[[Anti-Comintern Pact]]
*[[Anschluss]]
*[[Appeasement]]
*[[Sudetenland Crisis]]
*[[End of Appeasement]]
===[[World War II#Outbreak of War|The Outbreak of World War II]]===
*[[Occupation of Czechoslovakia]]
**[[Czechoslovakia]]
*[[Role of the USSR in WWII]]
**[[USSR]]
**[[Nazi-Soviet Pact]]
*[[Invasion of Poland]]
*[[Outbreak of WWII]]
*[[September 1939]]
*[[World War II#What caused WWII to break out?|Causes of WWII]]
**[[Adolf Hitler]]
**[[Joseph Stalin]]
**[[Neville Chamberlain]]

==Conflict and Tension between East and West, 1945-1971==
===The Origins of the Cold War===
====[[End of WWII]]====
*[[Cold War]]
*[[Superpower]]
*[[Yalta Conference]]
*[[Potsdam Conference]]
*[[Tehran Conference]]
*[[Division of Germany]]
*[[Capitalism]]
*[[Communism]]
*[[USA]]
*[[USSR]]
*[[Joseph Stalin]]
*[[Winston Churchill]]
*[[Franklin D. Roosevelt]]
*[[Clement Attlee]]
**[[1945 UK General Election]]
*[[Harry Truman]]
*[[Nuclear Bombs]]
**[[Atom Bomb]]
**[[Dropping the H-Bomb]]

===[[Iron Curtain]]===
*[[Soviet Expansion in Eastern Europe]]
*[[US Policy against the Soviets]]
**[[Truman Doctrine]]
**[[Containment]]
**[[Marshall Plan]]
*[[Stalin's reaction to US Policy]]
*[[Cominform]]
*[[Comecon]]
*[[Yugoslavia]]
*[[Berlin Blockade]]
*[[Berlin Airlift]]
===[[Development of the Cold War]]===
*[[Importance of Asia in the Cold War]]
*[[China]]
**[[Mao Tse-Tung]]
**[[Communist Revolution in China]]
*[[Korean War]]
**[[Proxy War]]
*[[Vietnam War]]
===[[Cold War Military Rivalries]]===
*[[Arms Race]]
*[[NATO]]
*[[Warsaw Pact]]
*[[Space Race]]
**[[Sputnik]]
**[[ICBMs]]
**[[Polaris]]
**[[Yuri Gagarin]]
**[[Apollo]]
===[[The 'Thaw']]===
*[[Hungary]]
**[[Hungarian Uprising]]
*[[Imre Nagy]]
*[[U2 Crisis]]
*[[Paris Peace Summit]]

===Transformation of the [[Cold War]]===
*[[Berlin Wall]]
*[[Cuba]]
**[[Cuban Missile Crisis]]
*[[Fidel Castro]]
*[[Bay of Pigs Invasion]]
*[[Nikita Khrushchev]]
*[[John F. Kennedy]]
*[[Czechoslovakia]]
**[[Alexander Dubcek]]
**[[Prague Spring]]
**[[USSR response to Czech reforms]]
*[[Brezhnev Doctrine]]
**[[Leonid Brezhnev]]
===[[Easing of Cold War Tension]]===
*[[Sources of Tension in Cold War]]
*[[Detente]]
*[[SALT I]]
*[[Richard Nixon]]

==Conflict and Tension in Asia,1950-1975==
===[[Conflict in Korea]]===
====[[Causes of the Korean War]]====
*[[Korea]]
*[[Nationalism]]
**[[Nationalism in Korea]]
*[[USA]]
*[[China]]
**[[US Relations with China]]
*[[Division of Korea]]
*[[Kim Il Sung]]
*[[Syngman Rhee]]
*[[Invasion of South Korea, 1950]]
*[[USSR absence from UN]]
===[[Development of the Korean War]]===
*[[UN]]
*[[UN Campaign in North Korea]]
*[[UN Campaign in South Korea]]
*[[Inchon Landings]]
*[[Recapture of South Korea]]
*[[UN Advance into North Korea]]
*[[Chinese Intervention in Korean War]]
*[[General MacArthur]]
===[[End of Korean War]]===
*[[38th Parallel]]
**[[Stalemate at the 38th Parallel]]
*[[Armistice in Korea]]
*[[Impact of the Korean War in Korea]]
*[[UN and Sino-American Relations post-Korean War]]
===Conflict in Vietnam===
*[[Vietnam]]
*[[French Colonial Rule in Vietnam]]
**[[Ending of French Colonial Rule in Vietnam]]
*[[Dien Bien Phu]]
**[[Opposition to Dien Bien Phu]]
*[[Geneva Agreement, 1954]]
*[[Civil War in South Vietnam]]
*[[Vietcong]]
*[[Guerilla Warfare]]
*[[Ho Chi Minh]]
===[[US Involvement in Vietnam]]===
*[[Communism]]
*[[Capitalism]]
*[[Domino Theory]]
*[[Dwight D. Eisenhower]]
*[[John F. Kennedy]]
*[[Intervention in Vietnam under Eisenhower and Kennedy]]
*[[Strategic Hamlets Programme]]
*[[Johnson's War]]
**[[Lyndon B. Johnson]]
*[[Gulf of Tonkin]]
*[[US Response to Vietcong Tactics]]
*[[Mass Bombing Campaign in Vietnam]]
*[[Demands for Peace in Vietnam]]
*[[Student Protests Against Vietnam War in USA]]
*[[My Lai]]
*[[Search and Destroy Tactics]]
*[[Tet Offensive]]
===Ending the [[Vietnam War]]===
*[[Richard Nixon]]
**[[Nixon's War]]
*[[Vietnamisation]]
*[[Chemical Warfare]]
**[[Chemical Warfare in Vietnam]]
*[[Bombing Campaign 1970-72, Vietnam]]
*[[US Relations with China during Vietnam War]]
*[[Expansion of Vietnam War into Laos and Cambodia]]
===[[Opposition to Vietnam War]]===
*[[Kent State University]]
*[[Importance of Media and TV in influencing Public Opinion during Vietnam War]]
*[[Watergate Affair]]
===[[End of the Vietnam War]]===
*[[Paris Peace Talks]]
*[[Henry Kissinger]]
*[[Shuttle Diplomacy]]
*[[Role of Kissinger in ending Vietnam War]]
*[[US Withdrawal from Vietnam]]
*[[Fall of Saigon]]
*[[Problems in Vietnam in 1975]]

==Conflict and Tension in the Gulf and Afghanistan, 1990-2009==
===[[Tensions in the Gulf]]===
*[[Persian Gulf]]
*[[Iran]]
*[[Iraq]]
*[[Iran-Iraq War]]
*[[USA]]
*[[Russia]]
*[[International Interests in Iran and Iraq]]
**[[Arab Oil]]
*[[Israel]]
*[[Palestine]]
*[[Contribution of Israeli-Palestinian Conflict to Tension in the Gulf]]
===[[Gulf War, 1990]]===
*[[Iraqi Invasion of Kuwait]]
*[[George H.W. Bush]]
*[[Margaret Thatcher]]
*[[Role of Bush and Thatcher in First Gulf War]]
*[[UN Campaign against Saddam Hussein]]
**[[UN]]
**[[Saddam Hussein]]
*[[Consequences of the First Gulf War]]
*[[US Influence in the Gulf]]
===War on [[Al-Qaeda]]===
*[[Al-Qaeda]]
*[[Osama bin Laden]]
*[[11 September Attacks]]
*[[Afghanistan]]
**[[Afghanistan as a Rogue State]]
*[[Taliban]]
**[[Resurgence of the Taliban]]
**[[Western Attitudes to the Taliban]]
**[[Muslim Attitudes to the Taliban]]
*[[Problems faced by Ethnic Groups in Afghanistan]]

===[[War on Terror]]===
*[[George W. Bush]]
**[[Bush's Aims in the War on Terror]]
*[[Tony Blair]]
*[[2001 US/UK Operation in Afghanistan]]
*[[Overthrow and Collapse of the Taliban]]
*[[UN Peace Conference]]
*[[Hamid Karzai]]
**[[Problems with Karzai's Government]]
===[[Iraq War]]===
*[[Saddam Hussein's Regime]]
**[[Treatment of Kurds and Shia Muslims under Saddam]]
*[[International Attitudes to Saddam Hussein]]
*[[Kurds]]
*[[Islam]]
*[[Iraq's links to Al-Qaeda]]
*[[Iraq's Reputation as a Rogue State]]
*[[Religious Divisions in Iraq]]
*[[Role of the UN in Iraq War]]
===[[2003 Invasion of Iraq]]===
*[[International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)]]
**[[IAEA Inspectors in Iraq]]
*[[Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD)]]
**[[WMD in Iraq]]
*[[Military Campaign in Iraq]]
*[[Western Interests in Iraq]]
*[[Downfall of Saddam Hussein]]
===[[Impact of the Iraq War]]===
*[[Impact of the Iraq War on the Iraqi People]]
*[[Insurgency in Iraq]]
*[[Elections after the Iraq War]]
*[[National Assembly]]
*[[Global Terrorism]]
**[[Anti-US Terrorism]]
**[[Anti-UK Terrorism]]
*[[2007 US Troop Surge]]
*[[Iraq's Stability at the end of Bush's Presidency]]

==Medicine and Health in Britain: c1000 to the Present Day==
====[[Medieval Medicine in England]]====
*[[England]]
*[[Medieval]]
*[[Medicine]]
*[[Beliefs on Causes of Medieval Illnesses]]
**[[Theory of the Four Humours]]
**[[Misma Theory]]
**[[Hippocratic Medicine]]
**[[Galeanic Medicine]]
*[[Different Approaches in Medieval Medicine]]
*[[Medieval Doctors]]
**[[Training of Medieval Doctors]]
===[[Progress in Medieval Medicine]]===
*[[Christianity]]
**[[Christianity and Medieval Medicine]]
*[[Medieval Hospitals]]
*[[Islam]]
**[[Importance of Islamic Medicine in Medieval Times]]
*[[Medieval Surgery]]
**[[Medieval Surgical Theory]]
**[[Medieval Hospital Care]]
*[[Progress in Medieval Medicine]]
===[[Public Health in the Middle Ages]]===
*[[Towns and Monasteries in the Middle Ages]]
*[[Black Death]]
**[[Beliefs about Causes of the Black Death]]
**[[Beliefs about Treament and Prevention of the Black Death]]
===The Beginnings of Change in Medicine===
====[[Medical Renaissance in Britain]]====
*[[Renaissance]]
*[[Continuity in Medical Renaissance Britain]]
*[[Thomas Sydenham]]
*[[Challenges to Medical Authority in Anatomy, Physiology and Surgery]]
*[[Vesalius]]
*[[Pare]]
*[[William Harvey]]
*[[Opposition to Change in Renaissance Medicine]]
*[[Traditional Methods of Treatment in Renaissance Medicine]]
*[[New Methods of Treatment in Renaissance Medicine]]
*[[Quackery]]
*[[Plague]]
*[[Growth of Hospitals in Renaissance Britain]]
*[[Changes to the Training of Surgeons in Renaissance Britain]]
*[[John Hunter]]
*[[Innoculation]]
*[[Edward Jenner]]
*[[Vaccination]]
*[[Opposition to Vaccination and Innoculation]]
===A Revolution in Medicine===
*[[Germ Theory]]
*[[Louis Pasteur]]
**[[Pasteur and Vaccination]]
*[[Robert Koch]]
**[[Microbe Hunting]]
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]
**[[Magic Bullets]]
*[[Everyday Medical Treatments and Remedies in 19th Century]]
===[[Surgical Revolution]]===
*[[Anaesthetics]]
*[[Simpson]]
*[[Chloroform]]
*[[Antiseptics]]
*[[Joseph Lister]]
*[[Carbolic Acid]]
*[[Aseptic Surgery]]
*[[Surgical Procedures in the 19th Century]]
*[[Public Health Problems in Industrial Britain]]
*[[Cholera Epidemics]]
*[[Role of Public Health Reformers]]
*[[Local and National Government Involvement in Public Health Improvement in Industrial Britain]]
**[[1848 Public Health Act]]
**[[1875 Public Health Act]]
===[[Modern Medicine]]===
*[[Modern Treatment of Disease]]
*[[Development of the Pharmaceutical Industry]]
*[[Penicillin]]
**[[Alexander Fleming]]
**[[Development of Penicillin]]
*[[Modern New Diseases and Treatments]]
*[[Antibiotic Resistance]]
*[[Alternative Modern Medicine]]
===[[Impact of War and Technology on Surgery]]===
*[[Plastic Surgery]]
*[[Blood Transfusions]]
*[[X-Rays]]
*[[Transplant Surgery]]
*[[Modern Surgical Methods]]
**[[Laser Surgery]]
**[[Radiation Therapy]]
**[[Keyhole Surgery]]
===[[Modern Public Health]]===
*[[Booth]]
*[[Rowntree]]
*[[Boer War]]
**[[Importance of Boer War in Modern Medicine]]
*[[Liberal Social Reforms in early 20th Century Britain]]
*[[Impact of Two World Wars on Public Health, Poverty and Housing]]
**[[World War One]]
**[[World War Two]]
*[[Welfare State]]
**[[Beveridge Report]]
*[[Creation of the National Health Service]]
**[[National Health Service]]
*[[Costs, Choices and Issues of Healthcare in 21st Century]]

==Britain: Power and the People: c1170 to the Present Day==
*[[Government]]
*[[Economy]]
*[[Equality]]
*[[Demoncracy]]
*[[Political Representation]]
===Challenging Authority and Feudalism===
*[[Feudalism]]
**[[Social Structure in Medieval Britain]]
*[[Authority in Medieval Britain]]
*[[King John]]
**[[Baron's Dissatisfaction with King John]]
**[[Magna Carta]]
===[[Origins of Parliament]]===
*[[Henry III]]
*[[Issues between Henry III and the Barons]]
*[[Simon de Montfort]]
*[[Provisions of Oxford]]
*[[Parliament of 1265]]
*[[Peasants Revolt]]
===Challenging Royal Authority in Middle Age Britain===
*[[Pilgrimage of Grace]]
*[[Henry VIII]
*[[Divine Right of Kings]]
*[[Parliamentary Authority]]
*[[English Revolution]]
**[[New Model Army]]
**[[English Civil War]]
*[[Political Radicalism]]
**[[Development of Political Radicalism during the English Civil War]]
*[[Charles I]]
**[[Execution of Charles I]]
*[[Oliver Cromwell]]
*[[Commonwealth]]
*[[American Revolution]]
**[[Causes of the American Revolution]]
===Reform and Reformers in 19th Century Britain===
*[[Protests for Political Change in early 19th Century Britain]]
*[[Great Reform Act 1832]]
*[[Chartism]]
*[[Campaigning Groups in 19th Century Britain]]
**[[Anti-Slavery Movement in Britain]]
**[[Anti-Corn Law League]]
*[[Factory Reformers in 19th Century Britain]]
*[[Social Reformers in 19th Century Britain]]
===[[Workers Movements in 19th Century Britain]]===
*[[Trade Unionism]]
**[[Grand National Consolidation Trades Union]]
*[[Tolpuddle Martyrs]]
*[[New Model Unions]]
**[[New Unionism]]
***[[Match Girls']]
===Equality and Rights in Modern Britain===
*[[Women's Rights Movement]]
*[[Women's Suffrage]]
**[[Women's Suffrage Campaign]]
**[[Suffragettes]]
**[[Individuals in the Women's Suffrage Campaign]]
***[[Emmeline Pankhurst]]
*[[Progress in Women's Rights post-1950]]
===[[Worker's Rights in Modern Britain]]===
*[[General Strike (1926)]]
*[[Trade Union Reform in the Late 20th Century]]
**[[Margaret Thatcher]]
===[[Minority Rights in Post-World War Two Britain]]===
*[[Racism]]
*[[Multi-Racial Society in Post-War Britain]]
**[[Brixton Riots]]
**[[Scarman Report]]

==Britain: Migration, Empires and the People: c790 to the Present Day==
*[[Government]]
*[[Imperialism]]
**[[Social Darwinism]]
===Conquered and Conquerors in Early Medieval England===
*[[Vikings]]
**[[Early Viking Invasions of Englanf]]
*[[Anglo-Saxons]]
*[[Danelaw]]
*[[Alfred and Wessex]]
*[[King Cnut]]
*[[Emma of Normandy]]
*[[North Sea Empire]]
*[[Norman Kingdom in Britain]]
*[[Angevin Empire]]
*[[Henry II]]
*[[Relationship between Britain and France during Norman Era]]
*[[Invasion of Ireland]]
*[[King John]]
**[[Losses under King John]]
===[[Origins of English Identity]]===
*[[English Identity]]
*[[Hundred Years' War]]
===Looking West in Middle Age Britain===
*[[New World]]
*[[British Empire]]
*[[British Pirates]]
**[[Sir Francis Drake]]
**[[Sir Walter Raleigh]]
*[[Development of the Slave Trade]]
**[[John Hawkins]]
*[[Impact of the Slave Trade on Britain]]
*[[Colonisation]]
**[[British Colonisation of North America]]
**[[Jamestown]]
*[[Native Americans]]
**[[First British Contact with Native Americans]]
*[[Pilgrim Fathers]]
*[[Indentured Servants]]
*[[American War of Independence]]
**[[Loss of American Colonies]]
*[[Huguenots]]
**[[Huguenot Migration]]
*[[Highland Clearances]]
*[[Ulster Plantations]]
===Expansion of British Empire===
====[[British Expansion in India]]====
*[[India]]
*[[British Control of India]]
*[[East India Company]]
*[[Robert Clive]]
*[[Warren Hastings]]
*[[Indian Rebellion (1857)]]
*[[British India]]
===[[British Expansion in Africa]]===
*[[British Involvement in Africa]]
*[[Missionaries]]
**[British Missionaries in Africa]]
*[[British Trade in Africa]]
*[[South Africa in the British Empire]]
*[[Egypt in the British Empire]]
*[[Scramble for Africa]]
*[[Cecil Rhodes]]
*[[Boer War]]
*[[British Imperial Propaganda]]
===Migration to, from and within Britain===
*[[Irish Migration to Britain, Empire]]
*[[Jewish Migration to Britain, Empire]]
*[[Migration to and from British Empire]]
**[[Migration of Asians to Africa in British Empire]]
*[[Migration from Rural to Urban Settings in Imperial Britain]]
===Britain in the 20th Century===
*[[End of British Empire]]
*[[Impact of First and Second World Wars on British Empire]]
*[[Suez Crisis]]
*[[Nationalism]]
**[[Nationalism in British India]]
***[[Mahatma Gandhi]]
**[[Nationalism in British Africa]]
***[[Kwame Nkrumah]]
***[[Jomo Kenyatta]]
===[[Legacy of British Empire]]===
*[[Windrush]]
*[[Claudia Jones]]
*[[Post-Empire Migration to Britain from Africa and Asia]]
**[[Idi Amin]]
*[[Commonwealth]]
*[[Falklands War]]
===Britain's Relationship with Europe in 20th Century===
*[[Britain's Relationship with Europe post-WWII]]
*[[Cold War]]
**[[End of the Cold War]]
*[[European Union]]
**[[British Membership of European Union]]
*[[Migration between Europe and Britain]]

==Norman England, c1066-c1100==
===The Normans: Conquest and Control===
*[[Normans]]
*[[Causes of Norman Conquest]]
**[[Edward the Confessor]]
*[[Claims to the British Throne in 1066]]
*[[Military Aspects of the Norman Conquest]]
**[[Battle of Stamford Bridge]]
**[[Battle of Hastings]]
*[[Anglo-Saxon Military Tactics in 1066]]
*[[Norman Military Tactics in 1066]]
*[[Military Innovations during Norman Conquest]]
===Establishing Control after the [[Norman Conquest]]===
*[[Harrying of the North]]
*[[Revolts against Norman Control, 1067-1075]]
*[[King William]]
*[[King William II]]
===[[British Life under the Normans]]===
*[[Feudalism]]
*[[Goverment]]
*[[Norman Government]]
**[[Norman Patronage]]
*[[Anglo-Saxon and Norman Government Systems]]
*[[Aristocracy]]
**[[Anglo-Saxon and Norman Society]]
*[[Military Service under Norman Rule]]
*[[Norman Justice and Legal System]]
*[[Domesday Book]]
*[[Anglo-Saxon and Norman Life]]
*[[Norman Forest Law]]
===[[Norman Church and Monasticism]]===
*[[Norman Church]]
*[[Anglo-Saxon Church before 1066]]
*[[Archbishop Lanfranc]]
**[[Lanfranc's Reform of the English Church]]
*[[Norman Church Organisation in Britain]]
*[[Relations between the Church and State in Norman Britain]]
*[[William II]]
**[[William II and the Church]]
*[[Wealth of the Church in Norman Britain]]
*[[British Relations with the Papacy in Norman Era]]
**[[Papacy]]
*[[The Investiture Controversy]]
*[[Norman Monastic Reforms]]
*[[Norman Monastic Life]]
*[[Norman Education]]
*[[Latin]]
**[[Latin Use in Norman Era]]

==Edexcel History Key Stage 4==
===Crime and Punishment in Britain, c1000-Present===
=====Nature and Changing Definitions of Criminal Activity, Medieval England=====
*[[Anglo-Saxon]]
*[[Norman]]
**[[Norman Conquest]]
*[[Medieval England]]
*[[Crimes against People, Property and Authority in Medieval England]]
**[['Social' Crime in Medieval England]]
*[[Definition of Crime after Norman Conquest]]
**[[William I]]
**[[Forest Laws]]
===Nature of Law Enforcement and Punishment, Medieval England===
*[[Law Enforcement in Anglo-Saxon to Medieval England]]
*[[Penal System and Punishment in Anglo-Saxon to Medieval England]]
**[[Saxon Wergild]]
===[[Case Studies on Crime and Punishment in Medieval England]]===
*[[Influence of the Church in Early 13th Century Crime and Punishment]]
*[[Significance of Sanctuary and Benefit of Clergy]]
*[[Trial by Ordeal]]
===Nature and Changing Definitions of Criminal Activity, early Modern England===
*[[Crimes against People, Property and Authority in early Modern England]]
**[[Heresy]]
**[[Treason]]
*[[New Definitions of Crime in 16th Century]]
===Nature of Law Enforcement and Punishment, early Modern England===
*[[Law Enforcement in early Modern England]]
*[[Penal System and Punishment in early Modern England]]
===[[Case Studies on Crime and Punishment in early Modern England]]===
*[[Gunpowder Plot]]
*[[Matthew Hopkins and Witch Hunts 1645-47]]
===Nature and Changing Definitions of Criminal Activity, 18th-19th Century Britain===
*[[Crimes against People, Property and Authority in 18th-19th Century Britain]]
**[[Highway Robbery]]
**[[Poaching]]
**[[Smuggling]]
*[[Changing Definitions of Crime in 18th-19th Century]]

===Nature of Law Enforcement and Punishment, 18th-19th Century Britain===
*[[Law Enforcement in 18th-19th Century Britain]]
**[[Fielding Brothers]]
**[[Development of a Police Force in 18th-19th Century Britain]]
**[[CID]]
*[[Penal System and Punishment in 18th-19th Century Britain]]
**[[Prison Reform in 18th-19th Century Britain]]
***[[John Howard]]
***[[Elizabeth Fry]]

===[[Case Studies on Crime and Punishment in 18th-19th Century Britain]]===
*[[Pentonville Prison in mid-19th Century]]
*[[Robert Peel]]
===Nature and Changing Definitions of Criminal Activity, Modern Britain===
*[[Crimes against People, Property and Authority in modern Britain]]
*[[Changing Definitions of Crime in modern Britain]]
**[[Racism]]
===Nature of Law Enforcement and Punishment, Modern Britain===
*[[Law Enforcement in modern Britain]]
**[[Neighbourhood Watch]]
**[[Changes within the Police Force in modern Britain]]
*[[Penal System and Punishment in modern Britain]]
**[[Abolition of the Death Penalty in Britain]]
**[[Open Prisons]]

===[[Case Studies on Crime and Punishment in modern Britain]]===
*[[Conscientious Objectors in First World War]]
**[[First World War]]
*[[Conscientious Objectors in Second World War]]
**[[Second World War]]
*[[Derek Bentley Case]]

==Whitechapel, c1870-c1900: crime, policing and the inner city==
*[[Whitechapel]]
*[[Housing and Overcrowding in Whitechapel]]
**[[Peabody Estate]]
*[[Workhouses]]
**[[Workhouses in Whitechapel]]
*[[Life in Whitechapel]]
*[[Reasons for Crime in Whitechapel]]
*[[Significance of Whitechapel as an inner city area]]
===[[Immigration to Whitechapel]]===
*[[Irish Immigration to Whitechapel]]
*[[Eastern European Immigration to Whitechapel]]
*[[Jewish Immigration to Whitechapel, 1880s]]
*[[Socialism]]
**[[Socialism in Whitechapel]]
*[[Anarchism]]
**[[Anarchism in Whitechapel]]
===[[Policing in Whitechapel]]===
*[[H Division]]
*[[Difficulties of Policing Whitechapel]]
*[[Lifestyle Problems in Whitechapel]]
*[[Whitechapel Vigilance Committee]]
*[[Investigative Policing in Whitechapel]]
*[[Problems caused by the Need for Cooperative Policing]]
*[[Jack the Ripper]
**[[Influence of the Media in the 'Ripper' Murders]]
*[[Metropolitan Police in late-19th Century Britain]]
*[[CID]]
*[[Sir Charles Warren]]
===[[Whitechapel, c1870-c1900: crime, policing and the inner city Sources]]===

==Medicine in Britain, c1250-present==
===Ideas about the Cause of Disease and Illness, Medieval England===
*[[Supernatural Explanations for Disease in medieval England]]
*[[Religious Explanations for Disease in medieval England]]
*[[Rational Explanations for Disease in medieval England]]
**[[Theory of Four Humours]]
**[[Miasma Theory]]
**[[Hippocratic Theory]]
**[[Galeanic Theory]]
===Approaches to Prevention and Treatment, Medieval England===
*[[Preventing Disease in medieval England]]
*[[Treating Disease in medieval England]]
*[[New Approaches to Hospital Care in 13th Century]]
*[[Traditional Approaches to Hospital Care in 13th Century]]
===[[Case Studies in medieval England]]===
*[[Black Death]]
===Ideas about the Cause of Disease and Illness, Medical Renaissance in England===
*[[Medical Renaissance]]
*[[Explanations for Disease and Illness in Medical Renaissance England]]
**[[Thomas Sydenham]]
**[[Printing Press]]
**[[Royal Society]]
***[[Impact of Royal Society on the British Medical Renaissance]]
===Approaches to Prevention and Treatment, Medical Renaissance in England===
*[[Prevention, Treatment and Care in Medical Renaissance England]]
*[[Changes to Prevention, Treatment and Care in Medical Renaissance England]]
**[[Vesalius]]
===[[Case Studies in Medical Renaissance England]]===
*[[William Harvey]]
*[[Great Plague in London]]
===Ideas about the Cause of Disease and Illness, 18th-19th Century Britain===
*[[Explanations for Disease and Illness in 18th-19th Century Britain]]
**[[Louis Pasteur]]
**[[Robert Koch]]
===Approaches to Prevention and Treatment, 18th-19th Century Britain===
*[[Change in Care and Treatment in 18th-19th Century Britain]]
**[[Florence Nightingale]]
**[[Anaesthetics]]
*[[New Approaches to Disease Prevention in 18th-19th Century Britain]]
**[[Vaccinations]]
**[[Public Health Act 1875]]
===[[Case Studies in 18th-19th Century Britain]]===
*[[Edward Jenner]]
*[[Fighting Cholera in London,1854]]
===Ideas about the Cause of Disease and Illness, Modern Britain===
*[[Understanding Illness and Disease in Modern Britain]]
*[[Improvements in Diagnosis in Modern Britain]]
===Approaches to Prevention and Treatment, Modern Britain===
*[[Changes to Care and Treatment in Modern Britain]]
**[[NHS]]
*[[Advances in Medicine in Modern Britain]]
*[[New Approaches to preventing Disease in Modern Britain]]
===[[Case Studies in Modern Britain]]===
*[[Development of Penicillin]]
*[[Fight against Lung Cancer in 21st Century]]

==British Sector of the Western Front, 1914-18: injuries, treatment and the trenches==
*[[World War One]]
*[[Western Front]]
*[[War in Flanders]]
*[[Ypres Salient]]
**[[Somme]]
**[[Arras]]
**[[Cambrai]]
*[[Trench Warfare]]
*[[Use of Mines in World War One]]
*[[Medical Treatment in World War One]]
*[[Illness and Injury during World War One]]
*[[RAMC]]
*[[FANY]]
*[[Transport in World War One]]
*[[Treatment Areas in World War One]]
*[[Significance of Western Front in Surgical Advances]]
*[[Medicine in Early 20th Century]]
===[[The British Sector of the Western Front, 1914-18: injuries, treatment and the trenches Sources]]===

==Warfare and British Society, c1250-present==
===Nature of Medieval Warfare in England===
*[[Medieval English Army]]
**[[Infantry]]
*[[Links between Social Structure and Army Command in Medieval England]]
*[[New Weapons and Formations in Medieval Warfare]]
**[[Longbow]]
**[[Schiltrons]]
*[[Importance of Gunpowder in Medieval Warfare]]
===Experience of Medieval War===
*[[Recruitment and Training in Medieval Warfare]]
*[[Impact of Medieval War on Civilians]]
**[[Feudalism]]
===Case Studies in Medieval Warfare===
*[[Battle of Falkirk, 1298]]
*[[Battle of Agincourt, 1415]]
===Nature of Warfare in the early modern period===
*[[Army in 16th and 17th Century]]
*[[Developments in the Army in 16th and 17th Century]]
*[[Developments in Weaponry in 16th and 17th Century]]
===Experience of War in the early modern period===
*[[Recruitment and Training in early modern British army]]
*[[Impact of early modern war on Civilians]]
===Case Studies in early modern war===
*[[Battle of Naseby]]
===Nature of Warfare in 18th and 19th Century Britain===
*[[Army in 18th and 19th Century Britain]]
*[[Developments in the Army in 18th and 19th Century Britain]]
*[[Developments in Weaponry in 18th and 19th Century British Warfare]]
*[[Impact of Industrialisation on Warfare]]
===Experience of War in 18th and 19th Century Britain===
*[[Recruitment and Training in 18th and 19th Century British Army]]
**[[Cardwell's Army Reform]]
*[[Impact of War on Civilians in 18th and 19th Century]]
===Case Studies in 18th and 19th Century British Warfare===
*[[Battle of Waterloo]]
*[[Battle of Balaclava]]
===Nature of Modern British Warfare===
*[[Army in Modern British Warfare]]
*[[Developments in the Army in Modern British Warfare]]
*[[Weaponry in Modern British Warfare]]
*[[Guerrilla Warfare]]
===Experience of War in Modern Britain===
*[[Recruitment and Training in Modern British Warfare]]
*[[Impact of War on Modern British Civilians]]
**[[World War One]]
**[[World War Two]]
===Case Studies in Modern British Warfare===
*[[Western Front and the Battle of the Somme]]
*[[Iraq War, 2003]]

==London and the Second World War, 1939-45==
*[[World War Two]]
*[[London]]
**[[Context of London in World War Two]]
*[[Luftwaffe]]
*[[Preparations for World War Two in London]]
*[[Protecting London in World War Two]]
*[[Attacks on London in World War Two]]
**[[Black Saturday]]
**[[V2 attack on Deptford, 1944]]
*[[Bombs used in World War Two]]
*[[Blitz in London]]
**[[Impact of the Blitz on London Civilians]]
*[[Life going on in London during World War Two]]
*[[Morale in London during World War Two]]
*[[London's Response to World War Two]]
**[[Royal Family of Britain]]
**[[Queen Elizabeth II]]
**[[Cabinet War Rooms]]
*[['Dig for Victory' Campaign]]
*[[British Propaganda in World War Two]]
===Sources for London and the Second World War, 1939-45===

==Spain and the 'New World', c1490-c1555==
===[[Discovering the 'New World']]===
*[[Spain]]
**[[Spain in 1490]]
*[[New World]]
*[[Christopher Columbus]]
**[Columbus' Voyage to the New World]]
*[[Queen Isabella]]
*[[Christianity]]
===[[Columbus in America]]===
*[[La Navidad]]
*[[Exploring the Caribbean]]
*[[People of the New World]]
**[[Tainos]]
**[[Caribs]]
***[[Conflict at Samana]]
*[[Discovering the Treasures of the New World]]
*[[Spain's Rivalry with Portugal over the New World]]

Adolf Hitler

2019-08-12T16:27:18Z

George Simms:

==Key Stage 4 History==
===Who?===
'''Adolf Hitler''' (1889-1945) was an [[Autrian]] born man who fought for the [[German]]s in the [[First World War]], became the leader of the [[Nazi Party]], was elected to [[German Chancellor]] then became [[Fuhrer]] of [[Nazi Germany]] leading them into and through the [[Second World War]].

===About Hitler===
:'''Adolf Hitler''' (1889-1945) was the Chancellor (from 1933) and later Fuhrer (from 1934) of Germany. He was leader of the [[Nazi Party]] and led Germany through the [[Second World War]], which he initiated by invading Poland on 1 September 1939.
:'''Hitlers''' role in the [[Holocaust]] makes him widely regarded as one of the most brutal genocidal dictators of modern history, similar to [[Joseph Stalin]] and [[Mao Tse-Tung]].
:'''Hitlers''' [[far-right]] [[nationalist]] and [[anti-semitic]] ideas were spread throughout Germany and Europe as leader of the Nazi Party.

===Hitler before the Nazi Party===
Born in Austria, Hitler moved to Germany in 1913, and served as a soldier in [[World War One]], even being decorated for his efforts. After [[World War One]], he was one of a large group of Germans who believed the [[Treaty of Versailles]] had stabbed the German people in the back, the idea of [[Dolchstoss]]. In 1919, a year after the end of the war, Hitler joined the German Workers Party (DAP - Deutsche Arbeiterpartei), which in 1921 became the National Socialist German Workers Party (NSDAP) in 1921, of which Hitler was leader. At this time, the NSDAP was a very small, populist right-wing political party based around the idea of reclaiming power in Germany from the [[Weimar Government]], taking revenge for the [[Dolchstoss]].

===Hitler's Role in [[The Munich Putsch]]===
In 1923, Adolf Hitler, alongside approximately 2,000 NSDAP members and former high ranking German officers such as Eric Ludendorff (the leader of the [[Ludendorff Offensive]]), stormed the Feldherrnhalle in Munich, in southern Germany on 8 November 1923. Known as the Munich or Beer Hall Putsch, the aim was to seize power in Munich, one of Germany's largest cities and was key in raising Hitler's profile across Germany. The coup was unsuccessful, but can be seen as planting the seed which would see the NSDAP, or Nazi Party, grow across Germany. It is considered by many to be a success for Hitler, as although he failed to seize power, his following widely publicised, 24-day trial for treason saw him able to widely spread his [[nationalist]] ideas throughout the nation.

===Hitler in Prison===
Having been sentenced to 5 years in prison for treason, Hitler began writing [[Mein Kampf]], or My Struggle, describing Hitler's reasoning for his beliefs and outlines his political ideology and plans for the future after his release. Volume One of Mein Kampf was published in 1925 and Volume Two a year later, selling slowly before his future rise to power in Germany in 1933. Hitler was released from prison just 9 months later in 1924.

===Hitler as Leader of the Nazi Party===
After Hitler was released from prison, his main aim was to legitimise the Nazi Party and gain power in Germany through legitimate, democratic political means, instead of a coup like the Munich Putsch. The first German election the Nazi Party were involved in was May 1924. In this they gained 32 seats in the [[Reichstag]] and 6.5% of the vote, before their vote subsequently declined in elections in December 1924 and 1928. However, by 1930 the Nazi Party began to gain a legitimate following across Germany, as the [[Great Depression]] hit in 1929, the German economy was in ruins and unemployment in particular was at a high. Hitler promised to restore the economy, bring back jobs and also defy the widely unpopular [[Treaty of Versailles]]. This was perfect timing for Hitler's Nazi Party to take advantage of the political climate in Germany; people wanted a big change from their lives and the Nazis offered it. As a result of this, in 1930 the Nazis gained 107 seats and 18.3% of the vote. Two years later, when Hitler was [[President Hindenburg]]'s main opposition for the German Presidency, the Nazi Party became the largest in Germany, with 230 seats. Hitler's run for the presidency was unsuccessful, gaining 36.8% of the vote to Hindenburg's 53%.

===Hitler as Chancellor===
With the Nazis as the largest party in the Reichstag, Hitler was the Chancellor, but this meant he worked alongside the President, Hindenburg. Hitler wanted complete control of Germany; he wanted to remove democracy and choice from the German people and make Germany a totally National Socialist nation. Within the German Cabinet were three Nazi members: Hitler was named chancellor, Wilhelm Frick Minister of the Interior, and Hermann Göring Minister of the Interior for Prussia. However, this wasn't enough for Hitler. On 27 Februrary 1933, the Reichstag burned down under suspicious circumstances. Dutch Communist Marinus van der Lubbe was found near the building and is blamed for the fire, however some historians today still argue that it was in fact the Nazis who burned down the Reichstag. Under encouragment from Hitler, Hindenburg passed with the Reichstag Fire Decree of 28 February, which suspended basic rights and allowed detention without trial in Germany. The decree was allowed by Article 48 of the [[Weimar Constitution]], which gave the president the ability in emergencies to protect public safety and order. The German Communist Party (KPD) was heavily supressed, and some 4,000 KPD members were arrested in the following months. Hitler's next step was the killer blow; passing the [[Enabling Act]], which would allow him to pass laws in Germany, even ones which defied the constitution, for 4 years - without the permission of the Reichstag. This bill would effectively give Hitler singular control of Germany. The Enabling Act needed 2/3 of the Reichstag to vote for it to pass, and Hitler was helped by the 81 Communist (KPD) members of the Reichstag being arrested, under the provisions of the Reichstag Fire Decree. On 23 March 1933, the day of the vote for the [[Enabling Act]], the Kroll Opera House where the vote was taking place was filled with [[SA]] soldiers, heavily intimidating all non-Nazi politicians, likely to the point of forcing many to vote for the bill. The Enabling Act passed by an overwhelming majority of 441-84 and Hitler, for the first time, held true power over Germany.

===Hitler as Fuhrer===
Now Hitler controlled two key branches of government, the executive and the legislative, the Nazi Party began solidifying their own power. The Social Democratic Party (SDP), the Nazi's largest opposition, was banned and its assets seized. On 2 May 1933, all [[Trade Unions]] were forced to dissolve in Germany and many Union leaders were sent to the first [[Concentration Camps]]. On 14th July 1933, the Nazi Party was confirmed as the only legal political party in Germany, completely removing all legitimate opposition to the party. Nearly a year later, 30 June 1934, the [[Night of the Long Knives]] saw Hitler completely change the leadership of the [[SA]], with former allies such as [[Ernst Rohm]] and Gregor Strasser being murdered. The final step to total power over Germany for Hitler was the death of President Hindenburg on 2 August 1934. The day before, with Hindenburg's death clearly imminent, the Nazi cabinet had passed the "Law Concerning the Highest State Office of the Reich". This said that when Hindenburg died, the office of president would be abolished and its powers combined with the chancellor. This made Adolf Hitler the German head of state as well as head of government, and with this role he adopted the name [[Fuhrer]], meaning leader. For Hitler, this removed the last legal method by which he could lose power.

===Hitler controlling Nazi Germany===

===Hitler's Role in [[Second World War]]===

===Hitler's Death===

Adolf Hitler

2019-08-11T16:04:32Z

George Simms:

''Adolf Hitler'' (1889-1945) was the Chancellor (from 1933) and later Fuhrer (from 1934) of Germany. He was leader of the [[Nazi Party]] and led Germany through the [[Second World War]], which he initiated by invading Poland on 1 September 1939. His role in the [[Holocaust]] makes him widely regarded as one of the most brutal genocidal dictators of modern history, similar to [[Joseph Stalin]] and [[Mao Tse-Tung]]. His [[far-right]] [[nationalist]] and [[anti-semitic]] ideas were spread throughout Germany and Europe as leader of the Nazi Party.

===Hitler before the Nazi Party===
Born in Austria, Hitler moved to Germany in 1913, and served as a soldier in [[World War One]], even being decorated for his efforts. After [[World War One]], he was one of a large group of Germans who believed the [[Treaty of Versailles]] had stabbed the German people in the back, the idea of [[Dolchstoss]]. In 1919, a year after the end of the war, Hitler joined the German Workers Party (DAP - Deutsche Arbeiterpartei), which in 1921 became the National Socialist German Workers Party (NSDAP) in 1921, of which Hitler was leader. At this time, the NSDAP was a very small, populist right-wing political party based around the idea of reclaiming power in Germany from the [[Weimar Government]], taking revenge for the [[Dolchstoss]].

===Hitler's Role in [[The Munich Putsch]]===
In 1923, Adolf Hitler, alongside approximately 2,000 NSDAP members and former high ranking German officers such as Eric Ludendorff (the leader of the [[Ludendorff Offensive]]), stormed the Feldherrnhalle in Munich, in southern Germany on 8 November 1923. Known as the Munich or Beer Hall Putsch, the aim was to seize power in Munich, one of Germany's largest cities and was key in raising Hitler's profile across Germany. The coup was unsuccessful, but can be seen as planting the seed which would see the NSDAP, or Nazi Party, grow across Germany. It is considered by many to be a success for Hitler, as although he failed to seize power, his following widely publicised, 24-day trial for treason saw him able to widely spread his [[nationalist]] ideas throughout the nation.

===Hitler in Prison===
Having been sentenced to 5 years in prison for treason, Hitler began writing [[Mein Kampf]], or My Struggle, describing Hitler's reasoning for his beliefs and outlines his political ideology and plans for the future after his release. Volume One of Mein Kampf was published in 1925 and Volume Two a year later, selling slowly before his future rise to power in Germany in 1933. Hitler was released from prison just 9 months later in 1924.

===Hitler as Leader of the Nazi Party===
After Hitler was released from prison, his main aim was to legitimise the Nazi Party and gain power in Germany through legitimate, democratic political means, instead of a coup like the Munich Putsch. The first German election the Nazi Party were involved in was May 1924. In this they gained 32 seats in the [[Reichstag]] and 6.5% of the vote, before their vote subsequently declined in elections in December 1924 and 1928. However, by 1930 the Nazi Party began to gain a legitimate following across Germany, as the [[Great Depression]] hit in 1929, the German economy was in ruins and unemployment in particular was at a high. Hitler promised to restore the economy, bring back jobs and also defy the widely unpopular [[Treaty of Versailles]]. This was perfect timing for Hitler's Nazi Party to take advantage of the political climate in Germany; people wanted a big change from their lives and the Nazis offered it. As a result of this, in 1930 the Nazis gained 107 seats and 18.3% of the vote. Two years later, when Hitler was [[President Hindenburg]]'s main opposition for the German Presidency, the Nazi Party became the largest in Germany, with 230 seats. Hitler's run for the presidency was unsuccessful, gaining 36.8% of the vote to Hindenburg's 53%.

===Hitler as Chancellor===
With the Nazis as the largest party in the Reichstag, Hitler was the Chancellor, but this meant he worked alongside the President, Hindenburg. Hitler wanted complete control of Germany; he wanted to remove democracy and choice from the German people and make Germany a totally National Socialist nation. Within the German Cabinet were three Nazi members: Hitler was named chancellor, Wilhelm Frick Minister of the Interior, and Hermann Göring Minister of the Interior for Prussia. However, this wasn't enough for Hitler.

===Hitler's Role in [[World War One]]===

===Hitler's Death===

History Subject

2019-07-26T14:47:43Z

George Simms:

Key Stage Wiki is looking for contributors to accelerate the process of creating the History curriculum pages.
==Understanding the Modern World==
===America, 1840-1895: Expansion and Consolidation===
====Expansion: Opportunities and Challenges====
=====[[North America]]=====
*[[Geography]]
*[[Great American Desert]]
*[[Manifest Destiny]]
===[[Going West]]===
*[[Early American Settlers]]
*[[Mormons]]
**[[The Mountain Meadows Massacre]]
*[[Journey]]
*[[Pioneer Migrant Farmers]]
*[[Miners]]
===[[Plains Indians]]===
*[[Culture and Way of Life]]
*[[Early Government Policy]]
*[[Permanent Indian Frontier]]
*[[Relationship with the Plains Indians]]
===[[Conflict across America]]===
====[[Conflict on the Plains]]====
*[[Fort Laramie Treaty]]
*[[Policy of Concentration]]
*[[The Indian Wars]]
**[[Causes]]
**[[Consequences]]
*[[Sand Creek Massacre]]
*[[Fetterman’s Trap]]
===[[American Civil War]]===
*[[Differences between North and South]]
*[[Slavery]]
*[[Westwards Expansion]]
*[[Free States Abolitionism]]
*[[Missouri Compromise]]
*[[John Brown]]
*[[Abraham Lincoln]]
*[[Jefferson Davis]]
*[[Social impact of the Civil War]]
*[[Economic impact of the Civil War]]
===[[Aftermath of the Civil War]]===
*[[13th Amendment]]
*[[Civil Rights Act]]
*[[Rebuilding the South]]
*[[1866-1877]]
*[[Carpetbaggers]]
*[[Federal and State Powers]]
===[[Settlement of the West]]===
*[[The Homesteaders]]
*[[Why West?]]
*[[Government Actions and Laws]]
*[[Land and Railroads]]
*[[Farming Problems]]
**[[Farming Solutions]]
===[[The Resolution of the ‘Indian Problem’]]===
*[[The Small Reservations Policy]]
*[[Attitudes towards Native Americans]]
*[[Battle of the Little Big Horn]]
*[[The Dawes Act]]
*[[Battle of Wounded Knee]]
*[[The Closing of the Frontier]]
**[[The Impact on Native Americans]]

==Germany, 1890-1945: Democracy and dictatorship==
====Germany and the Growth of Democracy====
=====[[Ruling Germany]]=====
*[[Germany]]
*[[Kaiser Wilhelm II]]
*[[Difficulties in Ruling Germany]]
*[[Rise of Parliamentary Government]]
*[[Influence of Prussian Militarism]]
*[[Industrialisation in Germany]]
*[[Social Reform]]
**[[The Growth of Socialism]]
*[[Navy Laws]]
===[[WWI]]===
*[[War Weariness]]
*[[Economic Problems caused by WWI]]
*[[Defeat in WWI]]
*[[The End of German Monarchy]]
*[[The Crisis of 1923]]
**[[Reparations]]
**[[The Occupation of the Ruhr]]
**[[Hyperinflation]]
===[[Weimar Democracy]]===
*[[Political Change and Unrest in Germany, 1919-1923]]
**[[Spartacists]]
**[[Kapp Putsch]]
**[[Munich Putsch]]
*[[Economic Recovery and Developments under Stresemann]]
*[[Gustav Stresemann]]
**[[Reichsmark]]
**[[Dawes Plan]]
**[[Young Plan]]
**[[International Impact]]
*[[Weimar Culture]]
===[[Germany and the Depression]]===
*[[Great Depression]]
*[[Adolf Hitler]]
*[[National Socialism]]
*[[Rise of Extremism in Germany]]
**[[Right-Wing Extremism]]
**[[Rise of the National Socialists]]
***[[Role of the SA]]
*[[Hitler’s Appeal to the Masses]]
===[[The Failure of Weimar Democracy]]===
*[[Election Results]]
*[[Franz von Papen]]
*[[President Hindenburg]]
*[[Hitler becomes Chancellor]]
===[[Establishing Hitler’s Dictatorship]]===
*[[Reichstag Fire]]
*[[Enabling Act]]
*[[Elimination of Political Opposition]]
*[[Trade Unions in Germany]]
*[[Ernst Rohm]]
*[[Night of the Long Knives]]
*[[Führer]]
===The Experiences of Germans under the Nazis===
====[[Economic Changes under the Nazis]]====
*[[Economic Benefits]]
*[[Economic Drawbacks]]
*[[Employment under the Nazis]]
**[[Public Works Programmes]]
*[[Rearmament]]
*[[Self-Sufficiency]]
*[[Economy during the War]]
===[[The Impact of War on the German People]]===
*[[Bombing]]
*[[Rationing]]
*[[Labour Shortages]]
*[[Refugees]]
===[[Social Policy under the Nazis]]===
*[[Joseph Goebbels]]
*[[Nazi Propaganda]]
*[[Censorship under the Nazis]]
*[[Nazi Culture]]
*[[Repression and the Police State]]
*[[Heinrich Himmler]]
*[[SS]]
*[[Gestapo]]
===[[Opposition to the Nazis]]===
*[[White Rose Group]]
*[[Swing Youth]]
*[[Edelweiss Pirates]]
*[[Stauffenberg Plot]]

==Russia, 1894-1945: Tsardom and Communism==
===The End of Tsardom===
====[[Russian Economy and Society]]====
*[[Russia]]
*[[Tsardom]]
*[[Absolutism]]
*[[Russian Industrialisation]]
*[[Living and Working in Russia]]
===[[Nicholas II]]===
*[[Autocracy in Russia]]
*[[Nicholas’ Court]]
===[[Revolutionary Tensions in Russia]]===
*[[Revolution]]
*[[Growth of Revolutionary Tensions]]
*[[1905 Russian Revolution]]
*[[October Manifesto]]
*[[Attempts to reform Russia]]
*[[Dumas]]
*[[Pyotr Stolypin]]
**[[Stolypin’s Policies]]
===[[WWI]]===
*[[Impact of WWI on Tsarist Government]]
*[[Social Effects of WWI in Russia]]
*[[Economic Effects of WWI in Russia]]
*[[Unpopularity of the Romanovs]]
**[[Rasputin]]
*[[Abdication of Nicholas I]]
===Lenin’s New Society===
====[[The Provisional Government]]====
*[[Communism]]
**[[Karl Marx]]
*[[Bolshevism]]
*[[Failure to deal with Russia’s problems]]
**[[Social]]
**[[Economic]]
**[[Military]]
*[[Leon Trotsky]]
*[[Vladimir Lenin]]
*[[Rise of the Bolsheviks]]
*[[October Revolution]]
===[[Lenin’s Dictatorship]]===
*[[Dictatorship]]
*[[USSR]]
*[[End of WWI]]
*[[Cheka]]
*[[Red Army]]
*[[Russian Civil War]]
**[[Causes]]
**[[Events]]
**[[Consequences]]
*[[Bolshevik Propaganda]]
===[[Social and Economic Developments under Bolshevism]]===
*[[War Communism]]
*[[Kronstadt Rising]]
*[[New Economic Policy]]
*[[Achievements of Lenin and Trostsky]]
===Stalin’s USSR===
====[[Joseph Stalin]]====
*[[Lenin’s Succession]]
*[[Communist Control of Government]]
*[[Red Terror]]
*[[The Purges]]
*[[Stalin’s Army]]
*[[Stalin’s Secret Police]]
*[[Labour Camps under Stalin]]
*[[Censorship under Stalin]]
*[[Stalin’s Cult of Personality]]
*[[Propaganda under Stalin]]
===[[Stalin’s Modernisation of the USSR]]===
*[[Collectivisation]]
*[[Five Year Plans]]
*[[Kulaks]]
**[[Social and Economic Consequences for Kulaks]]
*[[Society under Stalin]]
**[[City Dwellers under Stalin]]
**[[Women under Stalin]]
**[[Workers under Stalin]]
*[[Results of Modernisation]]
===[[Impact of WWII on USSR]]===
*[[Stalin’s Wartime Leadership]]
*[[Great Patriotic War]]
*[[Problems caused by WWII in Russia]]
**[[Economic Effects of WWII in Russia]]
**[[Social Effects of WWII in Russia]]
**[[Political Effects of WWII in Russia]]

==America,1920-1973: Opportunity and Inequality==
===American People and ‘The Boom’===
====[[The ‘Boom’]]====
*[[Stock Market]]
**[[Wall Street]]
*[[Benefits of the ‘Boom’]]
*[[Advertising and Consumer Society in 1920s America]]
*[[Hire Purchase]]
*[[Mass Production]]
**[[Ford and the Motor Industry]]
*[[Wealth Inequality]]
**[[Wealth Inequality in 1920s America]]
*[[Republican Government Policies, 1920s]]
**[[Republican Party]]
*[[Stock Market Boom]]
===[[Social and Cultural Developments in 1920s America]]===
*[[Entertainment in 1920s America]]
**[[Cinema]]
**[[Jazz]]
*[[Women in 1920s American Society]]
**[[Flappers]]
*[[Organised Crime]]
*[[Prohibition]]
**[[Impact of Prohibition on Society]]
*[[Racism in 1920s America]]
**[[Causes of Racism in 1920s America]]
**[[Klu Klux Klan (KKK)]]
*[[Immigrants in 1920s America]]
**[[Impacts of Immigrants on American Society]]
*[[Red Scare]]
**[[Sacco and Vanzetti Case]]
===Bust - American’s Experiences of the Depression and New Deal===
====[[American Society during the Great Depression]]====
*[[Unemployment during the Great Depression]]
*[[Farming during the Great Depression]]
*[[Businessmen during the Great Depression]]
*[[Herbert Hoover]]
**[[Hoover’s Responses]]
**[[Hoover’s Unpopularity]]
*[[Franklin D. Roosevelt]]
**[[Roosevelt’s Election]]
*[[New Deal]]
**[[Effects of the New Deal on Society]]
**[[Successes of the New Deal]]
**[[Limitations of the New Deal]]
**[[Opposition to the New Deal from Supreme Court]]
***[[Supreme Court]]
*[[Republicans]]
**[[Radical Politicians]]
*[[Roosevelt as President]]
*[[Pop Culture in Pre-War America]]
===[[Impact of WWII]]===
*[[WWII]]
*[[Impacts of WWII on America]]
*[[America’s Economic Recovery]]
*[[Lend Lease]]
*[[Exports in Post-War America]]
*[[Social Developments in Post-War America]]
**[[Experiences of African-Americans in Post-War America]]
**[[Experiences of Women in Post-War America]]
===Post-War America===
====[[Post-War American Society and Economy]]====
*[[Consumerism]]
*[[Causes of Prosperity in Post-War America]]
*[[The American Dream]]
*[[McCarthyism]]
*[[Popular Culture in Post-War America]]
**[[Rock and Roll Music]]
**[[Television]]
===[[Civil Rights Movement]]===
*[[Segregation Laws]]
*[[Martin Luther King]]
*[[Peaceful Protest]]
*[[Malcolm X]]
*[[Black Power Movement]]
*[[Civil Rights Act 1964]]
*[[Civil Rights Act 1968]]
===[[America and the ‘Great Society’]]===
*[[John F. Kennedy]]
**[[Kennedy’s Social Policies]]
*[[Lyndon B. Johnson]]
**[[Johnson’s Social Policies]]
*[[Feminism in 1960s and ‘70s America]]
**[[Fight for Equal Pay in 1960s and ‘70s America]]
**[[National Organisation for Women]]
**[[Roe v Wade (1973)]]
**[[Supreme Court Ruling on Equal Rights (1972)]]
**[[Opposition to Equal Rights Amendment]]

==Conflict and Tension: the First World War, 1894-1918==
===The Causes of the First World War===
====[[The Alliance System]]====
*[[WWI]]
*[[The Triple Alliance]]
**[[Germany]]
**[[Austria-Hungary]]
**[[Italy]]
*[[Franco-Russian Alliance]]
**[[France]]
**[[Russia]]
*[[Relations between the ‘Entente’ powers]]
**[[Entente]]
*[[Moroccan Crises (1905 and 1911)]]
**[[Moroccan Crises Effect on International Relations]]
*[[Crisis in the Balkans (1908-1909)]]
**[[Balkan Crisis Effect on International Relations]]
===[[Anglo-German Rivalry]]===
**[[Great Britian]]
*[[Splendid Isolation]]
**[[Challenges to Splendid Isolation]]
*[[Kaiser Wilhelm’s Foreign Policy]]
**[[Weltpolitik]]
*[[Colonial Tensions between Britain and Germany]]
*[[European Rearmament pre-WWI]]
**[[Anglo-German Naval Race]]
===[[Outbreak of WWI]]===
*[[Slav Nationalism]]
*[[Serbia]]
**[[Relations between Serbia and Austria-Hungary]]
*[[Archduke Franz Ferdinand]]
**[[The Assassination of Franz Ferdinand]]
*[[July Crisis]]
*[[Schlieffen Plan]]
*[[Why WWI broke out]]
*[[How WWI went from Tension to War]]
===WWI: Stalemate===
====[[Schlieffen Plan]]====
*[[Reasons for the Schlieffen Plan]]
*[[Failure of the Schlieffen Plan]]
**[[Battle of the Marne]]
===[[The Western Front]]===
*[[WWI Military Tactics and Technology]]
**[[Trench Warfare]]
*[[War of Attrition]]
*[[Key Battle of WWI]]
**[[Verdun]]
**[[The Somme]]
**[[Passchendaele]]
===[[WWI on a Wider Scale]]===
*[[Other Fronts to WWI]]
*[[Gallipoli]]
*[[WWI at Sea]]
**[[Jutland]]
**[[U-Boat Campaign]]
===Ending WWI===
*[[Changes in the Allied Forces during WWI]]
*[[October Revolution]]
**[[Withdrawal of Russia from WWI]]
*[[Entry of the USA into WWI]]
===[[Military Developments in 1918]]===
*[[How Military Developments helped Defeat Germany in 1918]]
*[[Evolution of Military Tactics and Technology through WWI]]
*[[Ludendorff]]
*[[German Spring Offensive]]
*[[Allied Advance during The Hundred Days]]
===[[Germany Surrenders]]===
*[[Impact of the Blockade]]
*[[Abdication of the Kaiser]]
**[[Kaiser Wilhelm II]]
*[[Armistice]]
*[[Field Marshall Douglas Haig]]
*[[Ferdinand Foch]]

==Conflict and Tension: The Inter-War Years, 1918-1939==
===Peacemaking===
====[[Armistice]]====
*[[Aims of the Peacemakers]]
*[[Woodrow Wilson]]
**[[Fourteen Points]]
*[[Georges Clemenceau]]
*[[David Lloyd George]]
*[[Success of the Peacemakers]]
===[[Treaty of Versailles]]===
*[[Diktat]]
*[[Changes in Territory post-WWI]]
*[[Military Restrictions post-WWI]]
*[[War Guilt]]
*[[Reparations]]
**[[WWI Reparations]]
===The League of Nations===
*[[League of Nations]]
**[[Formation of the League of Nations]]
**[[Organisation of the League of Nations]]
**[[Membership of the League of Nations]]
**[[Powers of the League of Nations]]
**[[Agencies of the League of Nations]]
**[[Contributions of the League of Nations to Peace in the 1920s]]
***[[Aaland Islands]]
***[[Upper Silesia]]
***[[Vilna]]
***[[Corfu]]
***[[Bulgaria]]
*[[Locarno Treaties]]
*[[Kellogg-Briand Pact]]
===[[The Collapse of the League of Nations]]===
*[[Great Depression]]
**[[Effects of the Great Depression on the League of Nations]]
*[[Manchurian Crisis]]
**[[Manchuria]]
*[[Abyssinian Crisis]]
**[[Abyssinia]]
*[[Failure of the League of Nations to stop WWII]]
===Origins and Outbreak of the Second World War===
===[[Development of Tension pre-WWII]]===
*[[WWII]]
*[[Adolf Hitler]]
**[[Hitler’s Aims]]
**[[Allied Reaction to Hitler]]
*[[Dolfuss Affair]]
*[[Saar]]
*[[German Rearmament]]
**[[German Conscription pre-WWII]]
*[[Stresa Front]]
*[[Anglo-German Naval Agreement]]
===[[Escalation of Tension Pre-WWII]]===
*[[Remilitarisation of the Rhineland]]
*[[Benito Mussolini]]
*[[Axis Forces]]
*[[Anti-Comintern Pact]]
*[[Anschluss]]
*[[Appeasement]]
*[[Sudetenland Crisis]]
*[[End of Appeasement]]
===[[Outbreak of War]]===
*[[Occupation of Czechoslovakia]]
**[[Czechoslovakia]]
*[[Role of the USSR in WWII]]
**[[USSR]]
**[[Nazi-Soviet Pact]]
*[[Invasion of Poland]]
*[[Outbreak of WWII]]
*[[September 1939]]
*[[What caused WWII to break out?]]
**[[Adolf Hitler]]
**[[Joseph Stalin]]
**[[Neville Chamberlain]]

History Subject

2019-07-26T14:45:51Z

George Simms:

Key Stage Wiki is looking for contributors to accelerate the process of creating the History curriculum pages.
==Understanding the Modern World==
===America, 1840-1895: Expansion and Consolidation===
====Expansion: Opportunities and Challenges====
=====[[North America]]=====
*[[Geography]]
*[[Great American Desert]]
*[[Manifest Destiny]]
===[[Going West]]===
*[[Early American Settlers]]
*[[Mormons]]
**[[The Mountain Meadows Massacre]]
*[[Journey]]
*[[Pioneer Migrant Farmers]]
*[[Miners]]
===[[Plains Indians]]===
*[[Culture and Way of Life]]
*[[Early Government Policy]]
*[[Permanent Indian Frontier]]
*[[Relationship with the Plains Indians]]
===[[Conflict across America]]===
====[[Conflict on the Plains]]====
*[[Fort Laramie Treaty]]
*[[Policy of Concentration]]
*[[The Indian Wars]]
**[[Causes]]
**[[Consequences]]
*[[Sand Creek Massacre]]
*[[Fetterman’s Trap]]
===[[American Civil War]]===
*[[Differences between North and South]]
*[[Slavery]]
*[[Westwards Expansion]]
*[[Free States Abolitionism]]
*[[Missouri Compromise]]
*[[John Brown]]
*[[Abraham Lincoln]]
*[[Jefferson Davis]]
*[[Social impact of the Civil War]]
*[[Economic impact of the Civil War]]
===[[Aftermath of the Civil War]]===
*[[13th Amendment]]
*[[Civil Rights Act]]
*[[Rebuilding the South]]
*[[1866-1877]]
*[[Carpetbaggers]]
*[[Federal and State Powers]]
===[[Settlement of the West]]===
*[[The Homesteaders]]
*[[Why West?]]
*[[Government Actions and Laws]]
*[[Land and Railroads]]
*[[Farming Problems]]
**[[Farming Solutions]]
===[[The Resolution of the ‘Indian Problem’]]===
*[[The Small Reservations Policy]]
*[[Attitudes towards Native Americans]]
*[[Battle of the Little Big Horn]]
*[[The Dawes Act]]
*[[Battle of Wounded Knee]]
*[[The Closing of the Frontier]]
**[[The Impact on Native Americans]]

==Germany, 1890-1945: Democracy and dictatorship==
====Germany and the Growth of Democracy====
=====[[Ruling Germany]]=====
*[[Germany]]
*[[Kaiser Wilhelm II]]
*[[Difficulties in Ruling Germany]]
*[[Rise of Parliamentary Government]]
*[[Influence of Prussian Militarism]]
*[[Industrialisation in Germany]]
*[[Social Reform]]
**[[The Growth of Socialism]]
*[[Navy Laws]]
===[[WWI]]===
*[[War Weariness]]
*[[Economic Problems caused by WWI]]
*[[Defeat in WWI]]
*[[The End of German Monarchy]]
*[[The Crisis of 1923]]
**[[Reparations]]
**[[The Occupation of the Ruhr]]
**[[Hyperinflation]]
===[[Weimar Democracy]]===
*[[Political Change and Unrest in Germany, 1919-1923]]
**[[Spartacists]]
**[[Kapp Putsch]]
**[[Munich Putsch]]
*[[Economic Recovery and Developments under Stresemann]]
*[[Gustav Stresemann]]
**[[Reichsmark]]
**[[Dawes Plan]]
**[[Young Plan]]
**[[International Impact]]
*[[Weimar Culture]]
===[[Germany and the Depression]]===
*[[Great Depression]]
*[[Adolf Hitler]]
*[[National Socialism]]
*[[Rise of Extremism in Germany]]
**[[Right-Wing Extremism]]
**[[Rise of the National Socialists]]
***[[Role of the SA]]
*[[Hitler’s Appeal to the Masses]]
===[[The Failure of Weimar Democracy]]===
*[[Election Results]]
*[[Franz von Papen]]
*[[President Hindenburg]]
*[[Hitler becomes Chancellor]]
===[[Establishing Hitler’s Dictatorship]]===
*[[Reichstag Fire]]
*[[Enabling Act]]
*[[Elimination of Political Opposition]]
*[[Trade Unions in Germany]]
*[[Ernst Rohm]]
*[[Night of the Long Knives]]
*[[Führer]]
===The Experiences of Germans under the Nazis===
====[[Economic Changes under the Nazis]]====
*[[Economic Benefits]]
*[[Economic Drawbacks]]
*[[Employment under the Nazis]]
**[[Public Works Programmes]]
*[[Rearmament]]
*[[Self-Sufficiency]]
*[[Economy during the War]]
===[[The Impact of War on the German People]]===
*[[Bombing]]
*[[Rationing]]
*[[Labour Shortages]]
*[[Refugees]]
===[[Social Policy under the Nazis]]===
*[[Joseph Goebbels]]
*[[Nazi Propaganda]]
*[[Censorship under the Nazis]]
*[[Nazi Culture]]
*[[Repression and the Police State]]
*[[Heinrich Himmler]]
*[[SS]]
*[[Gestapo]]
===[[Opposition to the Nazis]]===
*[[White Rose Group]]
*[[Swing Youth]]
*[[Edelweiss Pirates]]
*[[Stauffenberg Plot]]

==Russia, 1894-1945: Tsardom and Communism==
===The End of Tsardom===
====[[Russian Economy and Society]]====
*[[Russia]]
*[[Tsardom]]
*[[Absolutism]]
*[[Russian Industrialisation]]
*[[Living and Working in Russia]]
===[[Nicholas II]]===
*[[Autocracy in Russia]]
*[[Nicholas’ Court]]
===[[Revolutionary Tensions in Russia]]===
*[[Revolution]]
*[[Growth of Revolutionary Tensions]]
*[[1905 Russian Revolution]]
*[[October Manifesto]]
*[[Attempts to reform Russia]]
*[[Dumas]]
*[[Pyotr Stolypin]]
**[[Stolypin’s Policies]]
===[[WWI]]===
*[[Impact of WWI on Tsarist Government]]
*[[Social Effects of WWI in Russia]]
*[[Economic Effects of WWI in Russia]]
*[[Unpopularity of the Romanovs]]
**[[Rasputin]]
*[[Abdication of Nicholas I]]
===Lenin’s New Society===
====[[The Provisional Government]]====
*[[Communism]]
**[[Karl Marx]]
*[[Bolshevism]]
*[[Failure to deal with Russia’s problems]]
**[[Social]]
**[[Economic]]
**[[Military]]
*[[Leon Trotsky]]
*[[Vladimir Lenin]]
*[[Rise of the Bolsheviks]]
*[[October Revolution]]
===[[Lenin’s Dictatorship]]===
*[[Dictatorship]]
*[[USSR]]
*[[End of WWI]]
*[[Cheka]]
*[[Red Army]]
*[[Russian Civil War]]
**[[Causes]]
**[[Events]]
**[[Consequences]]
*[[Bolshevik Propaganda]]
===[[Social and Economic Developments under Bolshevism]]===
*[[War Communism]]
*[[Kronstadt Rising]]
*[[New Economic Policy]]
*[[Achievements of Lenin and Trostsky]]
===Stalin’s USSR===
====[[Joseph Stalin]]====
*[[Lenin’s Succession]]
*[[Communist Control of Government]]
*[[Red Terror]]
*[[The Purges]]
*[[Stalin’s Army]]
*[[Stalin’s Secret Police]]
*[[Labour Camps under Stalin]]
*[[Censorship under Stalin]]
*[[Stalin’s Cult of Personality]]
*[[Propaganda under Stalin]]
===[[Stalin’s Modernisation of the USSR]]===
*[[Collectivisation]]
*[[Five Year Plans]]
*[[Kulaks]]
**[[Social and Economic Consequences for Kulaks]]
*[[Society under Stalin]]
**[[City Dwellers under Stalin]]
**[[Women under Stalin]]
**[[Workers under Stalin]]
*[[Results of Modernisation]]
===[[Impact of WWII on USSR]]===
*[[Stalin’s Wartime Leadership]]
*[[Great Patriotic War]]
*[[Problems caused by WWII in Russia]]
**[[Economic Effects of WWII in Russia]]
**[[Social Effects of WWII in Russia]]
**[[Political Effects of WWII in Russia]]

==America,1920-1973: Opportunity and Inequality==
===American People and ‘The Boom’===
====[[The ‘Boom’]]====
*[[Stock Market]]
**[[Wall Street]]
*[[Benefits of the ‘Boom’]]
*[[Advertising and Consumer Society in 1920s America]]
*[[Hire Purchase]]
*[[Mass Production]]
**[[Ford and the Motor Industry]]
*[[Wealth Inequality]]
**[[Wealth Inequality in 1920s America]]
*[[Republican Government Policies, 1920s]]
**[[Republican Party]]
*[[Stock Market Boom]]
===[[Social and Cultural Developments in 1920s America]]===
*[[Entertainment in 1920s America]]
**[[Cinema]]
**[[Jazz]]
*[[Women in 1920s American Society]]
**[[Flappers]]
*[[Organised Crime]]
*[[Prohibition]]
**[[Impact of Prohibition on Society]]
*[[Racism in 1920s America]]
**[[Causes of Racism in 1920s America]]
**[[Klu Klux Klan (KKK)]]
*[[Immigrants in 1920s America]]
**[[Impacts of Immigrants on American Society]]
*[[Red Scare]]
**[[Sacco and Vanzetti Case]]
===Bust - American’s Experiences of the Depression and New Deal===
====[[American Society during the Great Depression]]====
*[[Unemployment during the Great Depression]]
*[[Farming during the Great Depression]]
*[[Businessmen during the Great Depression]]
*[[Herbert Hoover]]
**[[Hoover’s Responses]]
**[[Hoover’s Unpopularity]]
*[[Franklin D. Roosevelt]]
**[[Roosevelt’s Election]]
*[[New Deal]]
**[[Effects of the New Deal on Society]]
**[[Successes of the New Deal]]
**[[Limitations of the New Deal]]
**[[Opposition to the New Deal from Supreme Court]]
***[[Supreme Court]]
*[[Republicans]]
**[[Radical Politicians]]
*[[Roosevelt as President]]
*[[Pop Culture in Pre-War America]]
===[[Impact of WWII]]===
*[[WWII]]
*[[Impacts of WWII on America]]
*[[America’s Economic Recovery]]
*[[Lend Lease]]
*[[Exports in Post-War America]]
*[[Social Developments in Post-War America]]
**[[Experiences of African-Americans in Post-War America]]
**[[Experiences of Women in Post-War America]]
===Post-War America===
====[[Post-War American Society and Economy]]====
*[[Consumerism]]
*[[Causes of Prosperity in Post-War America]]
*[[The American Dream]]
*[[McCarthyism]]
*[[Popular Culture in Post-War America]]
**[[Rock and Roll Music]]
**[[Television]]
===[[Civil Rights Movement]]===
*[[Segregation Laws]]
*[[Martin Luther King]]
*[[Peaceful Protest]]
*[[Malcolm X]]
*[[Black Power Movement]]
*[[Civil Rights Act 1964]]
*[[Civil Rights Act 1968]]
===[[America and the ‘Great Society’]]===
*[[John F. Kennedy]]
**[[Kennedy’s Social Policies]]
*[[Lyndon B. Johnson]]
**[[Johnson’s Social Policies]]
*[[Feminism in 1960s and ‘70s America]]
**[[Fight for Equal Pay in 1960s and ‘70s America]]
**[[National Organisation for Women]]
**[[Roe v Wade (1973)]]
**[[Supreme Court Ruling on Equal Rights (1972)]]
**[[Opposition to Equal Rights Amendment]]

==Conflict and Tension: the First World War, 1894-1918==
===The Causes of the First World War===
====[[The Alliance System]]====
*[[WWI]]
*[[The Triple Alliance]]
**[[Germany]]
**[[Austria-Hungary]]
**[[Italy]]
*[[Franco-Russian Alliance]]
**[[France]]
**[[Russia]]
*[[Relations between the ‘Entente’ powers]]
**[[Entente]]
*[[Moroccan Crises (1905 and 1911)]]
**[[Moroccan Crises Effect on International Relations]]
*[[Crisis in the Balkans (1908-1909)]]
**[[Balkan Crisis Effect on International Relations]]
===[[Anglo-German Rivalry]]===
**[[Great Britian]]
*[[Splendid Isolation]]
**[[Challenges to Splendid Isolation]]
*[[Kaiser Wilhelm’s Foreign Policy]]
**[[Weltpolitik]]
*[[Colonial Tensions between Britain and Germany]]
*[[European Rearmament pre-WWI]]
**[[Anglo-German Naval Race]]
===[[Outbreak of WWI]]===
*[[Slav Nationalism]]
*[[Serbia]]
**[[Relations between Serbia and Austria-Hungary]]
*[[Archduke Franz Ferdinand]]
**[[The Assassination of Franz Ferdinand]]
*[[July Crisis]]
*[[Schlieffen Plan]]
*[[Why WWI broke out]]
*[[How WWI went from Tension to War]]
===WWI: Stalemate===
====[[Schlieffen Plan]]====
*[[Reasons for the Schlieffen Plan]]
*[[Failure of the Schlieffen Plan]]
**[[Battle of the Marne]]
===[[The Western Front]]===
*[[WWI Military Tactics and Technology]]
**[[Trench Warfare]]
*[[War of Attrition]]
*[[Key Battle of WWI]]
**[[Verdun]]
**[[The Somme]]
**[[Passchendaele]]
===[[WWI on a Wider Scale]]===
*[[Other Fronts to WWI]]
*[[Gallipoli]]
*[[WWI at Sea]]
**[[Jutland]]
**[[U-Boat Campaign]]
===Ending WWI===
*[[Changes in the Allied Forces during WWI]]
*[[October Revolution]]
**[[Withdrawal of Russia from WWI]]
*[[Entry of the USA into WWI]]
===[[Military Developments in 1918]]===
*[[How Military Developments helped Defeat Germany in 1918]]
*[[Evolution of Military Tactics and Technology through WWI]]
*[[Ludendorff]]
*[[German Spring Offensive]]
*[[Allied Advance during The Hundred Days]]
===[[Germany Surrenders]]===
*[[Impact of the Blockade]]
*[[Abdication of the Kaiser]]
**[[Kaiser Wilhelm II]]
*[[Armistice]]
*[[Field Marshall Douglas Haig]]
*[[Ferdinand Foch]]

==Conflict and Tension: The Inter-War Years, 1918-1939==
===Peacemaking===
====[[Armistice]]====
*[[Aims of the Peacemakers]]
*[[Woodrow Wilson]]
**[[Fourteen Points]]
*[[Georges Clemenceau]]
*[[David Lloyd George]]
*[[Success of the Peacemakers]]
===[[Treaty of Versailles]]===
*[[Diktat]]
*[[Changes in Territory post-WWI]]
*[[Military Restrictions post-WWI]]
*[[War Guilt]]
*[[Reparations]]
**[[WWI Reparations]]
===The League of Nations===
*[[League of Nations]]
**[[Formation of the League of Nations]]
**[[Organisation of the League of Nations]]
**[[Membership of the League of Nations]]
**[[Powers of the League of Nations]]
**[[Agencies of the League of Nations]]
**[[Contributions of the League of Nations to Peace in the 1920s]]
***[[Aaland Islands]]
***[[Upper Silesia]]
***[[Vilna]]
***[[Corfu]]
***[[Bulgaria]]
*[[Locarno Treaties]]
*[[Kellogg-Briand Pact]]
===[[The Collapse of the League of Nations]]===
*[[Great Depression]]
**[[Effects of the Great Depression on the League of Nations]]
*[[Manchurian Crisis]]
**[[Manchuria]]
*[[Abyssinian Crisis]]
**[[Abyssinia]]
*[[Failure of the League of Nations to stop WWII]]
===Origins and Outbreak of the Second World War===
====[[Development of Tension pre-WWII]]===
*[[WWII]]
*[[Adolf Hitler]]
**[[Hitler’s Aims]]
**[[Allied Reaction to Hitler]]
*[[Dolfuss Affair]]
*[[Saar]]
*[[German Rearmament]]
**[[German Conscription pre-WWII]]
*[[Stresa Front]]
*[[Anglo-German Naval Agreement]]
===[[Escalation of Tension Pre-WWII]]===
*[[Remilitarisation of the Rhineland]]
*[[Benito Mussolini]]
*[[Axis Forces]]
*[[Anti-Comintern Pact]]
*[[Anschluss]]
*[[Appeasement]]
*[[Sudetenland Crisis]]
*[[End of Appeasement]]
===[[Outbreak of War]]===
*[[Occupation of Czechoslovakia]]
**[[Czechoslovakia]]
*[[Role of the USSR in WWII]]
**[[USSR]]
**[[Nazi-Soviet Pact]]
*[[Invasion of Poland]]
*[[Outbreak of WWII]]
*[[September 1939]]
*[[What caused WWII to break out?]]
**[[Adolf Hitler]]
**[[Joseph Stalin]]
**[[Neville Chamberlain]]

History Subject

2019-07-26T14:42:43Z

George Simms:

Key Stage Wiki is looking for contributors to accelerate the process of creating the History curriculum pages.
==Understanding the Modern World==
===America, 1840-1895: Expansion and Consolidation===
====Expansion: Opportunities and Challenges====
=====[[North America]]=====
*[[Geography]]
*[[Great American Desert]]
*[[Manifest Destiny]]
===[[Going West]]===
*[[Early American Settlers]]
*[[Mormons]]
**[[The Mountain Meadows Massacre]]
*[[Journey]]
*[[Pioneer Migrant Farmers]]
*[[Miners]]
===[[Plains Indians]]===
*[[Culture and Way of Life]]
*[[Early Government Policy]]
*[[Permanent Indian Frontier]]
*[[Relationship with the Plains Indians]]
===[[Conflict across America]]===
====[[Conflict on the Plains]]====
*[[Fort Laramie Treaty]]
*[[Policy of Concentration]]
*[[The Indian Wars]]
**[[Causes]]
**[[Consequences]]
*[[Sand Creek Massacre]]
*[[Fetterman’s Trap]]
===[[American Civil War]]===
*[[Differences between North and South]]
*[[Slavery]]
*[[Westwards Expansion]]
*[[Free States Abolitionism]]
*[[Missouri Compromise]]
*[[John Brown]]
*[[Abraham Lincoln]]
*[[Jefferson Davis]]
*[[Social impact of the Civil War]]
*[[Economic impact of the Civil War]]
===[[Aftermath of the Civil War]]===
*[[13th Amendment]]
*[[Civil Rights Act]]
*[[Rebuilding the South]]
*[[1866-1877]]
*[[Carpetbaggers]]
*[[Federal and State Powers]]
===[[Settlement of the West]]===
*[[The Homesteaders]]
*[[Why West?]]
*[[Government Actions and Laws]]
*[[Land and Railroads]]
*[[Farming Problems]]
**[[Farming Solutions]]
===[[The Resolution of the ‘Indian Problem’]]===
*[[The Small Reservations Policy]]
*[[Attitudes towards Native Americans]]
*[[Battle of the Little Big Horn]]
*[[The Dawes Act]]
*[[Battle of Wounded Knee]]
*[[The Closing of the Frontier]]
**[[The Impact on Native Americans]]

==Germany, 1890-1945: Democracy and dictatorship==
====Germany and the Growth of Democracy====
=====[[Ruling Germany]]=====
*[[Germany]]
*[[Kaiser Wilhelm II]]
*[[Difficulties in Ruling Germany]]
*[[Rise of Parliamentary Government]]
*[[Influence of Prussian Militarism]]
*[[Industrialisation in Germany]]
*[[Social Reform]]
**[[The Growth of Socialism]]
*[[Navy Laws]]
===[[WWI]]===
*[[War Weariness]]
*[[Economic Problems caused by WWI]]
*[[Defeat in WWI]]
*[[The End of German Monarchy]]
*[[The Crisis of 1923]]
**[[Reparations]]
**[[The Occupation of the Ruhr]]
**[[Hyperinflation]]
===[[Weimar Democracy]]===
*[[Political Change and Unrest in Germany, 1919-1923]]
**[[Spartacists]]
**[[Kapp Putsch]]
**[[Munich Putsch]]
*[[Economic Recovery and Developments under Stresemann]]
*[[Gustav Stresemann]]
**[[Reichsmark]]
**[[Dawes Plan]]
**[[Young Plan]]
**[[International Impact]]
*[[Weimar Culture]]
===[[Germany and the Depression]]===
*[[Great Depression]]
*[[Adolf Hitler]]
*[[National Socialism]]
*[[Rise of Extremism in Germany]]
**[[Right-Wing Extremism]]
**[[Rise of the National Socialists]]
***[[Role of the SA]]
*[[Hitler’s Appeal to the Masses]]
===[[The Failure of Weimar Democracy]]===
*[[Election Results]]
*[[Franz von Papen]]
*[[President Hindenburg]]
*[[Hitler becomes Chancellor]]
===[[Establishing Hitler’s Dictatorship]]===
*[[Reichstag Fire]]
*[[Enabling Act]]
*[[Elimination of Political Opposition]]
*[[Trade Unions in Germany]]
*[[Ernst Rohm]]
*[[Night of the Long Knives]]
*[[Führer]]
===The Experiences of Germans under the Nazis===
====[[Economic Changes under the Nazis]]====
*[[Economic Benefits]]
*[[Economic Drawbacks]]
*[[Employment under the Nazis]]
**[[Public Works Programmes]]
*[[Rearmament]]
*[[Self-Sufficiency]]
*[[Economy during the War]]
===[[The Impact of War on the German People]]===
*[[Bombing]]
*[[Rationing]]
*[[Labour Shortages]]
*[[Refugees]]
===[[Social Policy under the Nazis]]===
*[[Joseph Goebbels]]
*[[Nazi Propaganda]]
*[[Censorship under the Nazis]]
*[[Nazi Culture]]
*[[Repression and the Police State]]
*[[Heinrich Himmler]]
*[[SS]]
*[[Gestapo]]
===[[Opposition to the Nazis]]===
*[[White Rose Group]]
*[[Swing Youth]]
*[[Edelweiss Pirates]]
*[[Stauffenberg Plot]]

==Russia, 1894-1945: Tsardom and Communism==
===The End of Tsardom===
====[[Russian Economy and Society]]====
*[[Russia]]
*[[Tsardom]]
*[[Absolutism]]
*[[Russian Industrialisation]]
*[[Living and Working in Russia]]
===[[Nicholas II]]===
*[[Autocracy in Russia]]
*[[Nicholas’ Court]]
===[[Revolutionary Tensions in Russia]]===
*[[Revolution]]
*[[Growth of Revolutionary Tensions]]
*[[1905 Russian Revolution]]
*[[October Manifesto]]
*[[Attempts to reform Russia]]
*[[Dumas]]
*[[Pyotr Stolypin]]
**[[Stolypin’s Policies]]
===[[WWI]]===
*[[Impact of WWI on Tsarist Government]]
*[[Social Effects of WWI in Russia]]
*[[Economic Effects of WWI in Russia]]
*[[Unpopularity of the Romanovs]]
**[[Rasputin]]
*[[Abdication of Nicholas I]]
===Lenin’s New Society===
====[[The Provisional Government]]====
*[[Communism]]
**[[Karl Marx]]
*[[Bolshevism]]
*[[Failure to deal with Russia’s problems]]
**[[Social]]
**[[Economic]]
**[[Military]]
*[[Leon Trotsky]]
*[[Vladimir Lenin]]
*[[Rise of the Bolsheviks]]
*[[October Revolution]]
===[[Lenin’s Dictatorship]]===
*[[Dictatorship]]
*[[USSR]]
*[[End of WWI]]
*[[Cheka]]
*[[Red Army]]
*[[Russian Civil War]]
**[[Causes]]
**[[Events]]
**[[Consequences]]
*[[Bolshevik Propaganda]]
===[[Social and Economic Developments under Bolshevism]]===
*[[War Communism]]
*[[Kronstadt Rising]]
*[[New Economic Policy]]
*[[Achievements of Lenin and Trostsky]]
===Stalin’s USSR===
====[[Joseph Stalin]]====
*[[Lenin’s Succession]]
*[[Communist Control of Government]]
*[[Red Terror]]
*[[The Purges]]
*[[Stalin’s Army]]
*[[Stalin’s Secret Police]]
*[[Labour Camps under Stalin]]
*[[Censorship under Stalin]]
*[[Stalin’s Cult of Personality]]
*[[Propaganda under Stalin]]
===[[Stalin’s Modernisation of the USSR]]===
*[[Collectivisation]]
*[[Five Year Plans]]
*[[Kulaks]]
**[[Social and Economic Consequences for Kulaks]]
*[[Society under Stalin]]
**[[City Dwellers under Stalin]]
**[[Women under Stalin]]
**[[Workers under Stalin]]
*[[Results of Modernisation]]
===[[Impact of WWII on USSR]]===
*[[Stalin’s Wartime Leadership]]
*[[Great Patriotic War]]
*[[Problems caused by WWII in Russia]]
**[[Economic Effects of WWII in Russia]]
**[[Social Effects of WWII in Russia]]
**[[Political Effects of WWII in Russia]]

==America,1920-1973: Opportunity and Inequality==
===American People and ‘The Boom’===
====[[The ‘Boom’]]====
*[[Stock Market]]
**[[Wall Street]]
*[[Benefits of the ‘Boom’]]
*[[Advertising and Consumer Society in 1920s America]]
*[[Hire Purchase]]
*[[Mass Production]]
**[[Ford and the Motor Industry]]
*[[Wealth Inequality]]
**[[Wealth Inequality in 1920s America]]
*[[Republican Government Policies, 1920s]]
**[[Republican Party]]
*[[Stock Market Boom]]
===[[Social and Cultural Developments in 1920s America]]===
*[[Entertainment in 1920s America]]
**[[Cinema]]
**[[Jazz]]
*[[Women in 1920s American Society]]
**[[Flappers]]
*[[Organised Crime]]
*[[Prohibition]]
**[[Impact of Prohibition on Society]]
*[[Racism in 1920s America]]
**[[Causes of Racism in 1920s America]]
**[[Klu Klux Klan (KKK)]]
*[[Immigrants in 1920s America]]
**[[Impacts of Immigrants on American Society]]
*[[Red Scare]]
**[[Sacco and Vanzetti Case]]
===Bust - American’s Experiences of the Depression and New Deal===
====[[American Society during the Great Depression]]====
*[[Unemployment during the Great Depression]]
*[[Farming during the Great Depression]]
*[[Businessmen during the Great Depression]]
*[[Herbert Hoover]]
**[[Hoover’s Responses]]
**[[Hoover’s Unpopularity]]
*[[Franklin D. Roosevelt]]
**[[Roosevelt’s Election]]
*[[New Deal]]
**[[Effects of the New Deal on Society]]
**[[Successes of the New Deal]]
**[[Limitations of the New Deal]]
**[[Opposition to the New Deal from Supreme Court]]
***[[Supreme Court]]
*[[Republicans]]
**[[Radical Politicians]]
*[[Roosevelt as President]]
*[[Pop Culture in Pre-War America]]
===[[Impact of WWII]]===
*[[WWII]]
*[[Impacts of WWII on America]]
*[[America’s Economic Recovery]]
*[[Lend Lease]]
*[[Exports in Post-War America]]
*[[Social Developments in Post-War America]]
**[[Experiences of African-Americans in Post-War America]]
**[[Experiences of Women in Post-War America]]
===Post-War America===
====[[Post-War American Society and Economy]]====
*[[Consumerism]]
*[[Causes of Prosperity in Post-War America]]
*[[The American Dream]]
*[[McCarthyism]]
*[[Popular Culture in Post-War America]]
**[[Rock and Roll Music]]
**[[Television]]
===[[Civil Rights Movement]]===
*[[Segregation Laws]]
*[[Martin Luther King]]
*[[Peaceful Protest]]
*[[Malcolm X]]
*[[Black Power Movement]]
*[[Civil Rights Act 1964]]
*[[Civil Rights Act 1968]]
===[[America and the ‘Great Society’]]===
*[[John F. Kennedy]]
**[[Kennedy’s Social Policies]]
*[[Lyndon B. Johnson]]
**[[Johnson’s Social Policies]]
*[[Feminism in 1960s and ‘70s America]]
**[[Fight for Equal Pay in 1960s and ‘70s America]]
**[[National Organisation for Women]]
**[[Roe v Wade (1973)]]
**[[Supreme Court Ruling on Equal Rights (1972)]]
**[[Opposition to Equal Rights Amendment]]

==Conflict and Tension: the First World War, 1894-1918==
===The Causes of the First World War===
====[[The Alliance System]]====
*[[WWI]]
*[[The Triple Alliance]]
**[[Germany]]
**[[Austria-Hungary]]
**[[Italy]]
*[[Franco-Russian Alliance]]
**[[France]]
**[[Russia]]
*[[Relations between the ‘Entente’ powers]]
**[[Entente]]
*[[Moroccan Crises (1905 and 1911)]]
**[[Moroccan Crises Effect on International Relations]]
*[[Crisis in the Balkans (1908-1909)]]
**[[Balkan Crisis Effect on International Relations]]
===[[Anglo-German Rivalry]====
**[[Great Britian]]
*[[Splendid Isolation]]
**[[Challenges to Splendid Isolation]]
*[[Kaiser Wilhelm’s Foreign Policy]]
**[[Weltpolitik]]
*[[Colonial Tensions between Britain and Germany]]
*[[European Rearmament pre-WWI]]
**[[Anglo-German Naval Race]]
===[[Outbreak of WWI]]===
*[[Slav Nationalism]]
*[[Serbia]]
**[[Relations between Serbia and Austria-Hungary]]
*[[Archduke Franz Ferdinand]]
**[[The Assassination of Franz Ferdinand]]
*[[July Crisis]]
*[[Schlieffen Plan]]
*[[Why WWI broke out]]
*[[How WWI went from Tension to War]]
===WWI: Stalemate===
====[[Schlieffen Plan]]===
*[[Reasons for the Schlieffen Plan]]
*[[Failure of the Schlieffen Plan]]
**[[Battle of the Marne]]
===[[The Western Front]]===
*[[WWI Military Tactics and Technology]]
**[[Trench Warfare]]
*[[War of Attrition]]
*[[Key Battle of WWI]]
**[Verdun]
**[[The Somme]
**[[Passchendaele]]
===[[WWI on a Wider Scale]]===
*[[Other Fronts to WWI]]
*[[Gallipoli]]
*[[WWI at Sea]]
**[[Jutland]]
**[[U-Boat Campaign]]
===Ending WWI===
*[[Changes in the Allied Forces during WWI]]
*[[October Revolution]]
**[[Withdrawal of Russia from WWI]]
*[[Entry of the USA into WWI]]
===[[Military Developments in 1918]]====
*[[How Military Developments helped Defeat Germany in 1918]]
*[[Evolution of Military Tactics and Technology through WWI]]
*[[Ludendorff]]
*[[German Spring Offensive]]
*[[Allied Advance during The Hundred Days]]
===[[Germany Surrenders]]===
*[[Impact of the Blockade]]
*[[Abdication of the Kaiser]]
**[[Kaiser Wilhelm II]]
*[[Armistice]]
*[[Field Marshall Douglas Haig]]
*[[Ferdinand Foch]]

==Conflict and Tension: The Inter-War Years, 1918-1939==
===Peacemaking===
====[[Armistice]]====
*[[Aims of the Peacemakers]]
*[[Woodrow Wilson]]
**[[Fourteen Points]]
*[[Georges Clemenceau]]
*[[David Lloyd George]]
*[[Success of the Peacemakers]]
===[[Treaty of Versailles]]===
*[[Diktat]]
*[[Changes in Territory post-WWI]]
*[[Military Restrictions post-WWI]]
*[[War Guilt]]
*[[Reparations]]
**[[WWI Reparations]]
===The League of Nations===
*[[League of Nations]]
**[[Formation of the League of Nations]]
**[[Organisation of the League of Nations]]
**[[Membership of the League of Nations]]
**[[Powers of the League of Nations]]
**[[Agencies of the League of Nations]]
**[[Contributions of the League of Nations to Peace in the 1920s]]
***[[Aaland Islands]]
***[[Upper Silesia]]
***[[Vilna]]
***[[Corfu]]
***[[Bulgaria]]
*[[Locarno Treaties]]
*[[Kellogg-Briand Pact]]
===[[The Collapse of the League of Nations]]===
*[[Great Depression]]
**[[Effects of the Great Depression on the League of Nations]]
*[[Manchurian Crisis]]
**[[Manchuria]]
*[[Abyssinian Crisis]]
**[[Abyssinia]]
*[[Failure of the League of Nations to stop WWII]]]
===Origins and Outbreak of the Second World War===
====[[Development of Tension pre-WWII]]
*[[WWII]]
*[[Adolf Hitler]]
**[[Hitler’s Aims]]
**[[Allied Reaction to Hitler]]
*[[Dolfuss Affair]]
*[[Saar]]
*[[German Rearmament]]
**[[German Conscription pre-WWII]]
*[[Stresa Front]]
*[[Anglo-German Naval Agreement]]
===[[Escalation of Tension Pre-WWII]]===
*[[Remilitarisation of the Rhineland]]
*[[Benito Mussolini]]
*[[Axis Forces]]
*[[Anti-Comintern Pact]]
*[[Anschluss]]
*[[Appeasement]]
*[[Sudetenland Crisis]]
*[[End of Appeasement]]
===[[Outbreak of War]]===
*[[Occupation of Czechoslovakia]]
**[[Czechoslovakia]]
*[[Role of the USSR in WWII]]
**[[USSR]]
**[[Nazi-Soviet Pact]]
*[[Invasion of Poland]]
*[[Outbreak of WWII]]
*[[September 1939]]
*[[What caused WWII to break out?]]
**[[Adolf Hitler]]
**[[Joseph Stalin]]
**[[Neville Chamberlain]]

History Subject

2019-07-25T19:51:54Z

George Simms: Replaced content with "Key Stage Wiki is looking for contributors to accelerate the process of creating the History curriculum pages."

Key Stage Wiki is looking for contributors to accelerate the process of creating the History curriculum pages.