Extraction of Metals - Revision history

Ellen References at 10:30, 14 December 2019

2019-12-14T10:30:32Z

Ellen References at 16:06, 19 November 2019

2019-11-19T16:06:34Z

Ellen References at 15:05, 15 November 2019

2019-11-15T15:05:49Z

NRJC: /* About the Extraction of Metals */

2019-01-25T11:22:38Z

‎About the Extraction of Metals

NRJC: /* Meaning */

2019-01-25T11:16:36Z

‎Meaning

NRJC: /* About the Extraction of Metals */

2019-01-25T11:16:26Z

‎About the Extraction of Metals

NRJC at 11:15, 25 January 2019

2019-01-25T11:15:58Z

NRJC at 11:09, 25 January 2019

2019-01-25T11:09:24Z

NRJC at 16:16, 1 October 2018

2018-10-01T16:16:24Z

NRJC at 15:44, 1 October 2018

2018-10-01T15:44:36Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:30, 14 December 2019
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	:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945725/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945725&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=694be7494de75af3349537d34e13f7f0 ''Extraction of metals; reduction with carbon, page 55, GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel '']		:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945725/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945725&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=694be7494de75af3349537d34e13f7f0 ''Extraction of metals; reduction with carbon, page 55, GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel '']
	:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120215/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120215&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=8f96ddb76196848bafdb124354e4cf77 ''Extractions of metals, page 88, GCSE Chemistry, Pearson, Edexcel '']		:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120215/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120215&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=8f96ddb76196848bafdb124354e4cf77 ''Extractions of metals, page 88, GCSE Chemistry, Pearson, Edexcel '']
		+
		+	====OCR====
		+	:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359829/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359829&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=90e8d7b4f039d53035238fa0320fe00b ''Metal extraction, pages 206-213, Gateway GCSE Chemistry, Oxford, OCR '']
		+	:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359829/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359829&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=90e8d7b4f039d53035238fa0320fe00b ''Metal extraction; aluminium, pages 210-211, Gateway GCSE Chemistry, Oxford, OCR '']
		+	:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359829/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359829&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=90e8d7b4f039d53035238fa0320fe00b ''Metal extraction; biological, pages 212-213, Gateway GCSE Chemistry, Oxford, OCR '']
		+	:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359829/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359829&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=90e8d7b4f039d53035238fa0320fe00b ''Metal extraction; copper, pages 207, 227, Gateway GCSE Chemistry, Oxford, OCR '']
		+	:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359829/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359829&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=90e8d7b4f039d53035238fa0320fe00b ''Metal extraction; electrolysis, pages 206, 210-211, Gateway GCSE Chemistry, Oxford, OCR '']
		+	:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359829/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359829&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=90e8d7b4f039d53035238fa0320fe00b ''Metal extraction; iron, pages 208-209, Gateway GCSE Chemistry, Oxford, OCR '']
		+	:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359829/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359829&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=90e8d7b4f039d53035238fa0320fe00b ''Metal extraction; waste rock, page 227, Gateway GCSE Chemistry, Oxford, OCR '']
		+	:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359829/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359829&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=90e8d7b4f039d53035238fa0320fe00b ''Metal extraction; with carbon, pages 206-209, Gateway GCSE Chemistry, Oxford, OCR '']

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:06, 19 November 2019
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	:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359381/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359381&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=47c8d1ae58d8b3a5e2094cd447154558 ''Extraction of metals, pages 88-89, 106-107, 212- 213, GCSE Chemistry; Third Edition, Oxford University Press, AQA '']		:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359381/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359381&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=47c8d1ae58d8b3a5e2094cd447154558 ''Extraction of metals, pages 88-89, 106-107, 212- 213, GCSE Chemistry; Third Edition, Oxford University Press, AQA '']
		+
		+	====Edexcel====
		+
		+	:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120193/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120193&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=572df39392fb4200db8391d98ae6314e ''Extraction of metals, page 232, GCSE Combined Science, Pearson Edexcel '']
		+	:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945741/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945741&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=30da4f2178da182547b62a7329d13b57 ''Extraction of metals, pages 117, 118, GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel '']
		+	:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782948147/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782948147&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=f63dcd8345f4e49c717b39a228a36c7c ''Extraction of metals, pages 155-160, GCSE Chemistry, CGP, Edexcel '']
		+	:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945725/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945725&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=694be7494de75af3349537d34e13f7f0 ''Extraction of metals, pages 55, 56, GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel '']
		+	:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945725/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945725&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=694be7494de75af3349537d34e13f7f0 ''Extraction of metals; bioleaching, page 56, GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel '']
		+	:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945725/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945725&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=694be7494de75af3349537d34e13f7f0 ''Extraction of metals; electrolysis, page 56, GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel '']
		+	:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945725/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945725&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=694be7494de75af3349537d34e13f7f0 ''Extraction of metals; phytoextraction, page 56, GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel '']
		+	:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945725/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945725&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=694be7494de75af3349537d34e13f7f0 ''Extraction of metals; reduction with carbon, page 55, GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel '']
		+	:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120215/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120215&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=8f96ddb76196848bafdb124354e4cf77 ''Extractions of metals, page 88, GCSE Chemistry, Pearson, Edexcel '']

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:05, 15 November 2019
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	: [[Bioleaching]] uses [[bacteria]] to '''extract''' [[mineral]]s from [[ore]] which happens at room [[temperature]] and is then followed by [[Extracting Metals by Electrolysis\|Electrolysis]] of [[mineral]]s in [[solution]]. This is relatively cheap but it takes the [[bacteria]] a long time to remove the [[mineral]]s which means it is often not worth the time it takes.		: [[Bioleaching]] uses [[bacteria]] to '''extract''' [[mineral]]s from [[ore]] which happens at room [[temperature]] and is then followed by [[Extracting Metals by Electrolysis\|Electrolysis]] of [[mineral]]s in [[solution]]. This is relatively cheap but it takes the [[bacteria]] a long time to remove the [[mineral]]s which means it is often not worth the time it takes.
	: [[Phytomining]] uses [[plant]]s to '''extract''' [[mineral]]s from [[ore]] which happens at room [[temperature]] and is then followed by [[Extracting Metals by Electrolysis\|Electrolysis]] of [[mineral]]s in [[solution]]. This is relatively cheap but it takes the [[plant]]s a long time to remove the [[mineral]]s which means it is often not worth the time it takes.		: [[Phytomining]] uses [[plant]]s to '''extract''' [[mineral]]s from [[ore]] which happens at room [[temperature]] and is then followed by [[Extracting Metals by Electrolysis\|Electrolysis]] of [[mineral]]s in [[solution]]. This is relatively cheap but it takes the [[plant]]s a long time to remove the [[mineral]]s which means it is often not worth the time it takes.
		+
		+	===References===
		+	====AQA====
		+
		+	:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359381/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359381&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=47c8d1ae58d8b3a5e2094cd447154558 ''Extraction of metals, pages 88-89, 106-107, 212- 213, GCSE Chemistry; Third Edition, Oxford University Press, AQA '']

@@ Line 47: / Line 47: @@
 : The method chosen to '''extract a metal''' depends on the [[energy]] needed, the cost and the time taken.
-: [[Smelting]] requires very high [[temperature]]s to [[melt]] the [[mineral]]s from the [[ore]].
+: [[Smelting]] requires very high [[temperature]]s to [[melt]] the [[mineral]]s from the [[ore]] which is expensive.
-: [[Extracting Metals by Electrolysis|Electrolysis]] can be done in [[solution]] with water at low [[temperature]]s if the [[mineral]] is [[soluble]] and the [[metal]] does not [[Chemical Reaction|react]] strongly with [[water]]. However for [[insoluble]] [[mineral]]s and [[metal]]s which do [[Chemical Reaction|react]] with [[water]] then high [[temperature]]s are needed to [[melt]] the [[mineral]].
+: [[Extracting Metals by Electrolysis|Electrolysis]] can be done in [[solution]] with water at low [[temperature]]s if the [[mineral]] is [[soluble]] and the [[metal]] does not [[Chemical Reaction|react]] strongly with [[water]]. This is relatively cheap as only the [[energy]] needed for the [[electrolysis]] is needed.
-: [[Bioleaching]] uses [[bacteria]] to '''extract''' [[mineral]]s from [[ore]] which happens at room [[temperature]] and is then followed by [[Extracting Metals by Electrolysis|Electrolysis]] of [[mineral]]s in [[solution]].
+: [[Extracting Metals by Electrolysis|Electrolysis]] must sometimes be done at high [[temperature]]s to [[melt]] the [[mineral]] if it is [[insoluble]] or the [[metal]] [[Chemical Reaction|reacts]] with [[water]]. This is expensive because it needs [[energy]] to [[heat]] the [[mineral]] and then more [[energy]] for [[electrolysis]].
-: [[Phytomining]] uses [[plant]]s to '''extract''' [[mineral]]s from [[ore]] which happens at room [[temperature]] and is then followed by [[Extracting Metals by Electrolysis|Electrolysis]] of [[mineral]]s in [[solution]].
+: [[Bioleaching]] uses [[bacteria]] to '''extract''' [[mineral]]s from [[ore]] which happens at room [[temperature]] and is then followed by [[Extracting Metals by Electrolysis|Electrolysis]] of [[mineral]]s in [[solution]]. This is relatively cheap but it takes the [[bacteria]] a long time to remove the [[mineral]]s which means it is often not worth the time it takes.

@@ Line 37: / Line 37: @@
 ==Key Stage 4==
 ===Meaning===
-'''Extraction of Metals''' is the process of removing a [[metal]] from a [[Metal Compound|metal compound]].
+'''Extraction of Metals''' is the process of removing a [[metal]] from a [[mineral]].
 ===About the Extraction of Metals===

@@ Line 40: / Line 40: @@
 ===About the Extraction of Metals===
-There are 4 methods for '''extracting metals''' from [[Metal Compound|metal compounds]]:
+There are 4 methods for '''extracting metals''' from [[mineral]]s:
 *[[Extracting Metals by Electrolysis|Electrolysis]] - Which can be done for all [[metal]]s, but usually only those more [[reactive]] than [[Carbon]] on the [[Reactivity Series|reactivity series]].
 *[[Smelting]] - Which can be done for [[metal]]s less [[reactive]] than [[Carbon]] on the [[Reactivity Series|reactivity series]].

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:09, 25 January 2019
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	: Transporting [[ore]] produces [[Carbon Dioxide]] which contribute to [[Global Warming]].		: Transporting [[ore]] produces [[Carbon Dioxide]] which contribute to [[Global Warming]].
	: [[Metal Refinery\|Metal refineries]] produce [[Carbon Dioxide]] as well as other [[pollution]] including [[Sulphur Dioxide]] and [[Nitrous Oxide]]s which lead to [[Acid Rain]].		: [[Metal Refinery\|Metal refineries]] produce [[Carbon Dioxide]] as well as other [[pollution]] including [[Sulphur Dioxide]] and [[Nitrous Oxide]]s which lead to [[Acid Rain]].
		+
		+	==Key Stage 4==
		+	===Meaning===
		+	'''Extraction of Metals''' is the process of removing a [[metal]] from a [[Metal Compound\|metal compound]].
		+
		+	===About the Extraction of Metals===
		+	There are 2 methods for '''extracting metals''' from [[Metal Compound\|metal compounds]]:
		+	*[[Extracting Metals by Electrolysis\|Electrolysis]] - Which can be done for all [[metal]]s, but usually only those more [[reactive]] than [[Carbon]] on the [[Reactivity Series\|reactivity series]].
		+	*[[Smelting]] - Which can be done for [[metal]]s less [[reactive]] than [[Carbon]] on the [[Reactivity Series\|reactivity series]].
		+
		+	: The method chosen to '''extract a metal''' depends on the [[energy]] needed.
		+	: [[Smelting]] requires very high [[temperature]]s to [[melt]] the [[mineral]]s from the [[ore]].
		+	: [[Extracting Metals by Electrolysis\|Electrolysis]] can be done in [[solution]] with water at low [[temperature]]s if the [[mineral]] is [[soluble]] and the [[metal]] does not [[Chemical Reaction\|react]] strongly with [[water]]. However for [[insoluble]] [[mineral]]s and [[metal]]s which do [[Chemical Reaction\|react]] with [[water]] then high [[temperature]]s are needed to [[melt]] the [[mineral]].

@@ Line 6: / Line 6: @@
 There are 3 main ways '''extraction of metals''' takes place:
 *None - [[Element]]s below [[Hydrogen]] are found [[Native]] which means the [[metal]] [[element]] can be found not as part of a [[compound]].
-*[[Smelting]] - [[Element]]s above [[Hydrogen]] but below [[Carbon]] are found in [[metal]] [[compound]]s so they need to be [[Extraction of Metals|extracted]] by using [[Carbon]] to [[Displacement Reaction|displace]] the [[metal]] from the [[compound]].
+*[[Smelting]] - [[Element]]s above [[Hydrogen]] but below [[Carbon]] are found in [[mineral]]s, which are [[metal]] [[compound]]s so they need to be [[Extraction of Metals|extracted]] by using [[Carbon]] to [[Displacement Reaction|displace]] the [[metal]] from the [[compound]].
-*[[Electrolysis]] - [[Element]]s above [[Carbon]] are found in [[metal]] [[compound]]s but they cannot be [[Extraction of Metals|extracted]] with [[Carbon]] because [[Carbon]] is less [[Reactivity|reactive]] than those [[metal]]s so we use [[electrolysis]] to [[Extraction of Metals|extract]] them.
+*[[Electrolysis]] - [[Element]]s above [[Carbon]] are found in [[mineral]]s but they cannot be [[Extraction of Metals|extracted]] with [[Carbon]] because [[Carbon]] is less [[Reactivity|reactive]] than those [[metal]]s so we use [[electrolysis]] to [[Extraction of Metals|extract]] them.
 {| class="wikitable"

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:44, 1 October 2018
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	\| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" \|The [[metal]] is then molded into [[ingot]]s before being transported again to where they are needed.		\| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" \|The [[metal]] is then molded into [[ingot]]s before being transported again to where they are needed.
	\|}		\|}
		+
		+	===Environmental Concerns===
		+	: All stages of the '''extraction''' process can cause damage to the [[environment]] and concerns are raised about the local impact and global impact of '''extraction'''.
		+	====Local Concerns====
		+	: A large area of land is destroyed to make space for a [[quarry]]. This can be [[habitat]]s for local [[organism]]s.
		+	: Local people complain of increased traffic.
		+	: Explosives are often used in mining which can disturb local people and wildlife.
		+	: People who live near [[Metal Refinery\|metal refineries]] can be affected by the [[pollution]] given off by the [[Metal Refinery\|refinery]].
		+
		+	====Global Concerns====
		+	: Machines used to mine produce [[Carbon Dioxide]] which contribute to [[Global Warming]].
		+	: Transporting [[ore]] produces [[Carbon Dioxide]] which contribute to [[Global Warming]].
		+	: [[Metal Refinery\|Metal refineries]] produce [[Carbon Dioxide]] as well as other [[pollution]] including [[Sulphur Dioxide]] and [[Nitrous Oxide]]s which lead to [[Acid Rain]].