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A [[Gravity]] is a [[force]] that causes all [[Object|objects]] with [[mass]] to be [[Attract|attracted]] to each other. ===About Gravity===: [[Gravity]] is a [[force]] so it is [[Measure|measured]] in [[Newton]]s.: [[Gravity]] is a [[Non-contact Force|non-contact force]] because it can act without [[object]]s touching.: All [[object]]s are affected by [[gravity]].: [[Gravity]] is the [[force]] that pulls [[object]]s to the ground.: [[Isaac Newton]] was the first to realise that [[gravity]] is the [[force]] that holds the [[planet]]s in [[orbit]] around [[The Sun]].: The [[force]] of [[gravity]] between two [[object]]s is always equal in [[magnitude]] but opposite in direction.{| class="wikitable"|-|[[File:ForcesEqual.png|center|600px]]|-| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |[[Object]] A has 1[[kg]] of [[mass]] and is [[attract]]ed to [[object]] B. [[Object]] B has 2[[kg]] of [[mass]] and is [[attract]]ed to [[object]] A. The [[force]] acting on [[object]] A is the same as the [[force]] on [[object]] B.|} ===Falling=======Energy Transfers=========Accelerating=====: When an [[object]] [[accelerate]]s towards the ground [[energy]] is [[Energy Transfer|transferred]] from the [[Gravitational Potential Energy Store|gravitational potential energy store]] of the [[object]] to the [[Kinetic Energy Store|kinetic energy store]] of the [[object]]. =====Decelerating=====: When an [[object]] [[decelerate]]s away from the ground [[energy]] is [[Energy Transfer|transferred]] from the [[Kinetic Energy Store|kinetic energy store]] of the [[object]] to the [[Gravitational Potential Energy Store|gravitational potential energy store]] of the [[object]]. ====Forces=========Accelerating=====: When an [[object]] [[accelerate]]s towards the ground '''gravity''' is causing a [[Mechanical Energy Transfer|mechanical energy transfer]]. =====Decelerating=====: When an [[object]] [[decelerate]]s away from the ground '''gravity''' is causing a [[Mechanical Energy Transfer|mechanical energy transfer]]. ===Orbits===: [[Isaac Newton|Newton]] was the first person to realise that [[object]]s were held in [[orbit]] by [[gravity]] which he [[explain]]ed in his [[Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation|Law of Universal Gravitation]].: [[Moon]]s [[orbit]] [[planet]]s and [[planet]]s [[orbit]] the [[stars]] due to [[gravity]].: [[Gravity]] is a constant [[force]] directed to the centre of a [[massive]] [[object]].: [[The Moon]] feels a [[force]] pulling it towards the centre of the [[Earth]]. The [[Earth]] feels a [[force]] equal in [[magnitude]] but opposite in direction to that of [[The Moon]].{| class="wikitable"|-|[[File:Orbit1.gif|center|400px]]|-| style="height:20px; width:400px; text-align:center;" |The [[planet]]s are pulled towards [[The Sun]] by [[gravity]].|} ==Key Stage 4=====Meaning===[[Gravity]] is a [[force]] of [[attraction]] which acts between all [[object]]s with [[mass]]. ===About Gravity===The strength of [[gravity]] between two [[object]]s depends on:*[[Mass]] - The greater the [[mass]] of the [[object]]s the greater the [[force]] of [[gravity]].*[[Distance]] - The greater the distance between [[object]]s the weaker the [[force]] of [[gravity]].: When a small [[mass]] [[object]] is in the [[Gravitational Field]] of a large [[mass]] [[object]] the [[force]] on the small [[mass]] is referred to as [[weight]] rather than [[gravity]]. {| class="wikitable"|-|[[File:ForcesEqual.png|center|600px]]|-| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |[[Object]] A has 1[[kg]] of [[mass]] and is [[attract]]ed to [[object]] B. [[Object]] B has 2[[kg]] of [[mass]] and is [[attract]]ed to [[object]] A. The [[force]] acting on [[object]] A is the same as the [[force]] on [[object]] B.|} ===Falling=======Energy Transfers=========Accelerating=====: When an [[object]] [[accelerate]]s towards the ground [[energy]] is [[Energy Transfer|transferred]] from the [[Gravitational Potential Energy Store|gravitational potential energy store]] of the [[object]] to the [[Kinetic Energy Store|kinetic energy store]] of the [[object]]. =====Decelerating=====: When an [[object]] [[decelerate]]s away from the ground [[energy]] is [[Energy Transfer|transferred]] from the [[Kinetic Energy Store|kinetic energy store]] of the [[object]] to the [[Gravitational Potential Energy Store|gravitational potential energy store]] of the [[object]]. ====Forces=========Accelerating=====: When an [[object]] [[accelerate]]s towards the ground '''gravity''' is causing a [[Mechanical Energy Transfer|mechanical energy transfer]]. =====Decelerating=====: When an [[object]] [[decelerate]]s away from the ground '''gravity''' is causing a [[Mechanical Energy Transfer|mechanical energy transfer]]. ===Orbits===: [[Isaac Newton|Newton]] was the first person to realise that [[object]]s were held in [[orbit]] by [[gravity]] which he [[explain]]ed in his [[Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation|Law of Universal Gravitation]].: [[Moon]]s [[orbit]] [[planet]]s and [[planet]]s [[orbit]] the [[stars]] due to [[gravity]].: [[Gravity]] is a constant [[force]] directed to the centre of a [[massive]] [[object]].: [[The Moon]] feels a [[force]] pulling it towards the centre of the [[Earth]]. The [[Earth]] feels a [[force]] equal in [[magnitude]] but opposite in direction to that of [[The Moon]].{| class="wikitable"|-|[[File:Orbit1.gif|center|400px]]|-| style="height:20px; width:400px; text-align:center;" |The [[planet]]s are pulled towards [[The Sun]] by [[gravity]].|} ==Key Stage 5=====Meaning===The '''gravitational interaction''' is the mechanism by which all [[particle]]s with [[mass]] affect one another. ===About The Gravitational Interaction at Subatomic Scales===: The '''gravitational interaction''' is one of the 4 [[Fundamental Interactions|fundamental interactions]] governing how [[particle]]s affect one another.: The '''gravitational interaction''' causes all [[particle]]s with [[mass]] to be [[attract]]ed to one another.: The '''gravitational interaction''' is extremely weak on the scale of [[Relative Atomic Mass|atomic masses]] but is 'long range' and cannot be shielded, so accumulates with large numbers of [[atom]]s to be observable at macroscopic scales.: The '''gravitational interaction''' may be mediated by an, as yet, undiscovered [[Fundamental Particle|fundamental particle]] called a [[graviton]]. ===About The Gravitational Interaction at Macroscopic Scales===: Due to its long range and the inability to shield the '''gravitational interaction''' it is responsible for the large scale structure of the [[Observable Universe|observable universe]]. {| border="1" style="border-collapse:collapse"|-|[[File:GravitationalForceGraph.png|center|400px]]|-| style="height:20px; width:600px; text-align:center;" |This [[graph]] shows the strength of the [[force]] between two [[object]]s with [[mass]]. The '''gravitational interaction''' between [[mass]]es is [[attract]]ive at a range of 0 to ∞. The strength of the [[force]] reduces [[proportional]] to 1/r² where r is the distance between the [[Centre of Mass|centre of mass]] of each [[object]].|}  ===Extra Information==={{#ev:youtube|https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YlxKh4oCKhw}} ===References=======AQA==== :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851370/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851370&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=01c69b0ae058f809cf636033e6ba793e ''Gravity, pages 119, 249-50, GCSE Physics, Hodder, AQA '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0008158770/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0008158770&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=ec31595e720e1529e49876c3866fff6e ''Gravity, pages 140, 274-5, 278-82, 290-1, GCSE Physics; Student Book, Collins, AQA '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851362/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851362&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=7d78d70a2044ee9982dae010c94af92a ''Gravity, pages 209, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy 2, Hodder, AQA '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/019835939X/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=019835939X&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=57e96876985fc39b1a3d8a3e3dc238b6 ''Gravity, pages 4-5, 10-11, 146-147, GCSE Physics; Third Edition, Oxford University Press, AQA ''] ====Edexcel==== :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120193/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120193&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=572df39392fb4200db8391d98ae6314e ''Gravity, page 291, GCSE Combined Science, Pearson Edexcel '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782948163/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782948163&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=0fdbfd5dd397d6e24a9dfb250f08587f ''Gravity, page 37, GCSE Physics, CGP, Edexcel '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120223/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120223&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=068ecf40278c32406a7f1c6e66751417 ''Gravity, pages 7, 120, GCSE Physics, Pearson Edexcel '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782948163/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782948163&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=0fdbfd5dd397d6e24a9dfb250f08587f ''Gravity; acceleration due to, page 26, GCSE Physics, CGP, Edexcel '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782948163/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782948163&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=0fdbfd5dd397d6e24a9dfb250f08587f ''Gravity; forces, pages 37, 38, 184, 185, GCSE Physics, CGP, Edexcel ''] ====OCR====:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945695/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945695&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=ceafcc80bcad6b6754ee97a0c7ceea53 ''Gravity, page 166, Gateway GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, OCR '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945687/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945687&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=9a598e52189317a20311d7a632747bc9 ''Gravity, pages 33, 86, 97, Gateway GCSE Physics; The Revision Guide, CGP, OCR '']