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: [[Group 2]] [[Element]]s all form +2 [[ion]]s; Be<sup>+2</sup>, Mg<sup>+2</sup>, Ca<sup>+2</sup>
: [[Group 3]] [[Element]]s all form +3 [[ion]]s; Al<sup>+3</sup>
: [[Transition Metal]] [[Element]]s can form different [[ion]]s which are shown by Roman Numerals; [[Roman NumeralIron]]s; Iron can form [[Iron|Fe]](II) ]] which is [[Iron|Fe]]<sup>+2</sup> ]] or [[Iron|Fe]](III) ]] is [[Iron|Fe]]<sup>+3</sup>]],[[Manganese ]] can form [[Manganese|Mn]](II) ]] which is [[Manganese|Mn]]<sup>+2</sup> ]] or [[Manganese|Mn]](IV) ]] which is [[Manganese|Mn]]<sup>+4</sup>]]
: [[Non-metal]] [[element]]s form [[Negative Ion|negative ions]] because it is easier for them to gain [[electron]]s than lose [[electron]]s to get a full [[Outer Shell|outer shell]]. [[Non-metal]]s are on the right hand side of the [[Periodic Table]] and usually have 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 [[electron]]s in their [[Outer Shell|outer shell]].
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |[[Nitrogen]] forms -3 [[ion]]s.
|}
===Bulk Properties===
: In their [[solid]] [[State of Matter|state]] '''ionic compounds''' are poor [[Electrical Conductor|electrical conductors]] because the [[ion]]s are not free to move.
: In their [[liquid]] [[State of Matter|state]] '''ionic compounds''' are good [[Electrical Conductor|electrical conductors]] because the [[Electrical Charge|electrically charged]] [[ion]]s are free to move.
: Most '''ionic compounds''' are [[soluble]] in [[water]].
: When [[dissolve]]d in [[solution]] '''ionic compounds''' are good [[Electrical Conductor|electrical conductors]] because the [[Electrical Charge|electrically charged]] [[ion]]s are free to move.
: '''Ionic compounds''' form [[Giant Ionic Structure|giant ionic structures]] which have high [[Melting Point|melting points]] due to the strong [[Electrostatic Force|electrostatic force]] between the [[ion]]s.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |'''State'''
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |'''Electrical Conductivity'''
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |'''Reason'''
|-
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Solid
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Poor
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |[[Ion]]s are in fixed positions and not free to move.
|-
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Liquid (Molten)
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Good
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |[[Ion]]s are free to move in the [[liquid]].
|-
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Dissolved in Solution (Aqueous)
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Good
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |[[Ion]]s are free to move through [[solution]].
|}
===References===
====Edexcel====
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120193/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120193&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=572df39392fb4200db8391d98ae6314e ''Ionic compounds, page 180, GCSE Combined Science, Pearson Edexcel '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120215/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120215&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=8f96ddb76196848bafdb124354e4cf77 ''Ionic compounds, page 36, GCSE Chemistry, Pearson, Edexcel '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945725/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945725&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=694be7494de75af3349537d34e13f7f0 ''Ionic compounds, pages 20-22, GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782948147/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782948147&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=f63dcd8345f4e49c717b39a228a36c7c ''Ionic compounds, pages 49-55, GCSE Chemistry, CGP, Edexcel '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945741/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945741&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=30da4f2178da182547b62a7329d13b57 ''Ionic compounds, pages 83-85, GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120215/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120215&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=8f96ddb76196848bafdb124354e4cf77 ''Ionic compounds; properties, pages 38-39, GCSE Chemistry, Pearson, Edexcel '']
====OCR====
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945679/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945679&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=a2db42f7b4bdf10cafaafa3bb9120940 ''Ionic compounds, pages 19, 25, 35, Gateway GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, OCR '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359829/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359829&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=90e8d7b4f039d53035238fa0320fe00b ''Ionic compounds, pages 58-59, 77, 79, 88-89, 122, Gateway GCSE Chemistry, Oxford, OCR '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945695/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945695&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=ceafcc80bcad6b6754ee97a0c7ceea53 ''Ionic compounds, pages 90, 91, 97, 108, Gateway GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, OCR '']