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==Key Stage 4==
{{#ev:youtube|https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fvP-QCZLHJY}}
===Meaning===
The [[Thermal Energy Store]] is the [[Energy Store|energy store]] associated with an [[object]]s [[temperature]] which is itself due to the random motion of [[particle]]s within an [[object]].
===About the Thermal Energy Store===
: '''Thermal Energy''' is linked to the [[Kinetic Energy Store|kinetic energy]] of the randomly moving [[particle]]s inside an [[object]].
: The '''thermal energy store''' of an [[object]] is related to three [[property|properties]] of the [[object]]:
*The [[mass]] of the [[object]]. - The greater the [[mass]] the greater the '''thermal energy''' of the [[object]].
===Equation===
''NB: You will be given this equation in the formula sheet.''
'' '''Thermal Energy''' = (Mass) x (Specific Heat Capacity) x (Change in Temperature)''
<math>E_t = m c \Delta \theta</math>
Where:
E<sub>t</sub> = '''Thermal Energy''' transferred to the [[object]].
m = [[Mass]] of the [[object]]
c = [[Specific Heat Capacity]] of the [[material]] which makes up the [[object]]
Δθ = Change in [[temperature]] of the [[object]]
===Calculating Thermal Energy ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |A 2 kg [[object]] made from a [[material]] with [[Specific Heat Capacity|specific heat capacity]] 5 J/kg/°C is [[heated]] by 10°C. Calculate the '''Thermal Energy''' transferred to the [[object]].
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |A sealed metal can containing 5.5 kg of [[water]] is heated over a fire from 27°C to 100°C to sterilise the [[water]]. Calculate the increase in '''thermal energy''' of the [[water]].
The [[Specific Heat Capacity]] of [[water]] is 4200 J/kg/°C.
(Give your answer correct to 2 [[Significant Figures|significant figures]].)
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |A 0.5kg [[Iron]] baking tray is [[heated]] from 20°C to 80°C in an oven. Calculate the work done by the oven in [[heating]] the tray.
The [[Specific Heat Capacity]] of [[Iron]] is 450 J/kg/°C.
(Give your answer correct to 2 [[Significant Figures|significant figures]].)
|-
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''1. State the known quantities'''
m = 2 kg
c = 5 J/kg/°C
Δθ = 10°C
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''1. State the known quantities'''
m = 5.5 kg
c = 4200 J/kg/°C
θ<sub>1</sub> = 27°C
θ<sub>2</sub> = 100°C
'''Find the [[temperature]] change.'''
Δθ = θ<sub>2</sub> - θ<sub>1</sub> = 100 - 27 = 73°C
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''1. State the known quantities'''
m = 0.5 kg
c = 450 J/kg/°C
θ<sub>1</sub> = 20°C
θ<sub>2</sub> = 80°C
'''Find the [[temperature]] change.'''
Δθ = θ<sub>2</sub> - θ<sub>1</sub> = 80 - 20 = 60°C
|-
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''2. [[Substitute (Maths)|Substitute]] the numbers into the [[equation]] and [[Solve (Maths)|solve]].'''
<math>E_t = m c \Delta \theta</math>
<math>E_t = 2 \times 5 \times 10</math>
<math>E_t = 100J</math>
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''2. [[Substitute (Maths)|Substitute]] the numbers into the [[equation]] and [[Solve (Maths)|solve]].'''
<math>E_t = m c \Delta \theta</math>
<math>E_t = 5.5 \times 4200 \times 73</math>
<math>E_t = 1686300J</math>
<math>E_t \approx 1700000J</math>
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''2. [[Substitute (Maths)|Substitute]] the numbers into the [[equation]] and [[Solve (Maths)|solve]].'''
<math>E_t = m c \Delta \theta</math>
<math>E_t = 0.5 \times 450 \times 60</math>
<math>E_t = 13500J</math>
<math>E_t \approx 14000J</math>
|}
===References===
====AQA====
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/178294558X/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=178294558X&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=f0dfb66dafcb0c6e9449e7b1a4ae1ac450 ''Thermal energy stores, pages 11, 13, 15, GCSE Physics; The Revision Guide, CGP, AQA '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945598/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945598&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=ad276ad49df77ab4b40ab4fd0fe10354 ''Thermal energy stores, pages 168, 170, 171, GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, AQA '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782946403/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782946403&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=32a0abb60dff015b15b50e9b1d7b4644 ''Thermal energy stores, pages 21, 29, 30, 39, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy; Physics, CGP, AQA '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945970/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945970&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=a120d24dcc7cc7a58192069a3aafc1d2 ''Thermal energy stores, pages 22, 30, 31, 41, GCSE Physics; The Complete 9-1 Course for AQA, CGP, AQA '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/019835939X/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=019835939X&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=57e96876985fc39b1a3d8a3e3dc238b6 ''Thermal energy, pages 4-5, 9, 14-15, 24-35, GCSE Physics; Third Edition, Oxford University Press, AQA '']
====Edexcel====
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120223/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120223&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=068ecf40278c32406a7f1c6e66751417 ''Thermal energy, pages 34, 156, 186, GCSE Physics, Pearson Edexcel '']
====OCR====
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359837/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359837&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=3c4229e8b023b2b60768e7ea2307cc6f ''Thermal energy store, pages 192,195-196, 199, 205-206, Gateway GCSE Physics, Oxford, OCR '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945687/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945687&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=9a598e52189317a20311d7a632747bc9 ''Thermal energy stores, pages 14, 15, 82, Gateway GCSE Physics; The Revision Guide, CGP, OCR '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945695/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945695&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=ceafcc80bcad6b6754ee97a0c7ceea53 ''Thermal energy stores, pages 153, 202, Gateway GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, OCR '']