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[[Chlorine]] is a pale green [[gas]].
==Key Stage 3==
[[File:ChlorineSymbol1.png|right|300px|thumb|The [[Chemical Symbol|chemical symbol]] for [[Chlorine]].]]
[[File:Cl-35_WK.PNG|right|200px|thumb|A 2 dimensional representation of a [[Chlorine]] [[atom]] with 17 [[proton]]s and 18 [[neutron]]s in the [[Atomic Nucleus|nucleus]] and 17 [[electron]]s orbiting the [[Atomic Nucleus|nucleus]].]]
===Meaning===
[[Chlorine]] is a [[Group 7]] [[element]], on the [[Periodic Table]], with an [[Atomic Number|atomic number]] of 17.
===About Chlorine===
====Molecular Structure====
: [[Chlorine]] has the [[Chemical Formula|chemical formula]] [[Chlorine| Cl<sub>2</sub>]].
====Atomic Structure====
: [[Chlorine]] as 17 [[proton]]s and 18 [[neutron]]s in its [[Atomic Nucleus|nucleus]] giving it an [[Atomic Number]] of 17 and an [[Relative Atomic Mass|atomic mass]] of 35.
: An [[atom]] of [[Chlorine]] is missing one [[electron]] from having a full [[Outer Shell|outer shell]].
====Properties====
: [[Chlorine]] is a [[non-metal]] [[element]].
: [[Chlorine]] is a more [[Reactivity|reactive]] [[Halogen]] than [[Bromine]] but less [[Reactivity|reactive]] than [[Fluorine]].
: [[Chlorine]] [[Chemical Reaction|reacts]] strongly with [[Hydrogen]] to produce [[Hydrogen Chloride]] which [[dissolve]]s in [[water]] to produce [[Hydrochloric Acid]].
: [[Chlorine]] kills [[bacteria]].
: [[Chlorine]] is a pale green coloured [[gas]] at [[STP|room temperature]].
==Key Stage 4==
[[File:ClKS4.PNG|right|200px|thumb|The [[Chemical Symbol|chemical symbol]] for [[Chlorine]].]]
[[File:Cl-35_WK.PNG|right|200px|thumb|A 2 dimensional representation of the [[Bohr Model]] of a [[Chlorine]]-35 [[isotope]] with 17 [[proton]]s and 18 [[neutron]]s in the [[Atomic Nucleus|nucleus]] and 2 [[electron]]s in the first [[Electron Orbital|shell]], 8 in the second and 7 in the [[Outer Shell|outer shell]].]]
===Meaning===
[[Chlorine]] is a [[Group 27]] [[element]], on the [[Periodic Table]], with 17 [[proton]]s in the [[Atomic Nucleus|nucleus]].
===About Chlorine===
====Molecular Structure====
: [[Chlorine]] has the [[Chemical Formula|chemical formula]] [[Chlorine|Cl<sub>2</sub>]].
: [[Chlorine]] [[atom]]s join together in a [[Covalent Bond|covalent bond]].
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|[[File:ChlorineDotandCrossDiagram.png|center|400px]]
|-
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |A [[Dot and Cross Diagram|dot and cross diagram]] of a [[Chlorine]] [[molecule]].
|}
====Atomic Structure====
: There are two [[Stable Isotope|stable isotopes]] of [[Chlorine]], one with 18 [[neutron]]s and the other with 20 [[neutron]]s. They occur in a [[ratio]] of roughly 3:1 so the [[Relative Atomic Mass|atomic mass]] of [[Chlorine]] is 35.5.
{| class="wikitable"| style="height:20px; width:600px; text-align:center;" |[[Chlorine]] has two common [[Stable Isotope|stable]] [[Isotope]]s; [[Chlorine-35]] and [[Chlorine-37]]. [[Chlorine-35]] is three times more common than [[Chlorine-37]] so the ratio is 3:1. Find the [[Mean Average|average]] [[Relative Atomic Mass|atomic mass]] of [[Chlorine]].|-| style="height:20px; width:600px; text-align:left;" |'''1. State the known quantities.''' Ratio: 3:1 3xChlorine-35 : 1xChlorine-37|-| style="height:20px; width:600px; text-align:left;" |'''2. [[Substitute (Maths)|Substitute]] the numbers into the [[equation]] and [[Solve (Maths)|solve]].''' To find the [[Mean Average|average]]: <math>Average=\frac{35+35+35+37}{4}</math> <math>Average=\frac{35 \times 3 + 37 \times 1}{4}</math> <math>Average=35.5</math> So the [[Relative Atomic Mass]] of [[Chlorine]] is quoted as 35.5 on the [[Periodic Table]].|}: An [[atom]] of [[Chlorine]] is missing one [[electron]] from having a full [[Outer Shell|outer shell]].: '''Chloride''' [[ion]]s gain 1 [[electron]] to get a full [[Outer Shell|outer shell]] and become [[Negative Charge|negatively charged]].{| class="wikitable"|-|[[File:ChlorineIonFormation.png|center|400px]]|-| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |A [[diagram]] showing the most formation of a '''Chloride''' [[ion]].|} ====Properties====: [[Chlorine]] is a [[non-metal]] [[element]].: [[Chlorine]] is a more [[Reactivity|reactive]] [[Halogen]] than [[Bromine]] but less [[Reactivity|reactive]] than [[Fluorine]].
: [[Chlorine]] [[Chemical Reaction|reacts]] strongly with [[Hydrogen]] to produce [[Hydrogen Chloride]] which [[dissolve]]s in [[water]] to produce [[Hydrochloric Acid]].
: [[Chlorine]] is a strong [[bleach]]ing agent.
: [[Chlorine]] kills [[bacteria]].
: [[Chlorine]] is a pale green coloured [[gas]] at [[STP|standard temperature and pressure]].
====Testing For Chlorine====
#Collect the [[gas]] in a [[Test Tube|test tube]].
#Place a piece of [[Litmus Paper|litmus paper]] over the mouth of the [[Test Tube|test tube]].
#If the [[Litmus Paper|litmus paper]] is [[bleach]]ed white then the [[gas]] is [[Chlorine]] or [[Fluorine]].
===References===
====AQA====
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851346/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851346&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=3ac654f4b0da781c49c855a1af4c92ea ''Chlorine, identification of, page 207, GCSE Chemistry, Hodder, AQA '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945962/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945962&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=476bb5c8d1dfb5c08ac81b6d4d1c98d8 ''Chlorine, page 61, GCSE Chemistry, CGP, AQA '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/178294639X/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=178294639X&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=51599bb45a2bfaf7c1b6a978b2ca2616 ''Chlorine, page 61, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy; Chemistry, CGP, AQA '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359381/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359381&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=47c8d1ae58d8b3a5e2094cd447154558 ''Chlorine, pages 102, 109, 185, GCSE Chemistry; Third Edition, Oxford University Press, AQA '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0008158762/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0008158762&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=a0fffa35b3ea49a63404f6704e0df7cc ''Chlorine, pages 15, 44-5, 64-5, 96, 165, 326, GCSE Chemistry; Student Book, Collins, AQA '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945598/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945598&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=ad276ad49df77ab4b40ab4fd0fe09767 ''Chlorine, pages 153, 163, GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, AQA '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945571/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945571&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=9e29fad914244909903e5e93f8a01d80 ''Chlorine, pages 88, 102, GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, AQA '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851362/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851362&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=7d78d70a2044ee9982dae010c94af92a ''Chlorine, test for, pages 160, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy 2, Hodder, AQA '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/178294639X/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=178294639X&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=51599bb45a2bfaf7c1b6a978b2ca2616 ''Chlorine; test for, page 203, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy; Chemistry, CGP, AQA '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945962/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945962&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=476bb5c8d1dfb5c08ac81b6d4d1c98d8 ''Chlorine; test for, page 257, GCSE Chemistry, CGP, AQA '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0008158762/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0008158762&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=a0fffa35b3ea49a63404f6704e0df7cc ''Chlorine; test, page 273, GCSE Chemistry; Student Book, Collins, AQA '']
====OCR====
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359829/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359829&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=90e8d7b4f039d53035238fa0320fe00b ''Chlorine, pages 40, 57, 86, 146, Gateway GCSE Chemistry, Oxford, OCR '']