Changes

==Key Stage 2=====Meaning===[[Concentration]] is how [[dilute]] or '''concentrated''' a [[solution]] is. ===About Concentration===: When orange juice is added to [[water]] if there is a lot of water but not much orange juice then the [[solution]] is [[dilute]]. If there is a lot of orange juice, but very little water then it is '''concentrated'''. ==Key Stage 3=====Meaning===[[Concentration]] is the [[ratio]] of a [[solute]] to a [[solvent]]. or The relative abundance of [[particle]]s in a region. ===About Concentration===: The more [[solute]] in a [[solution]] the higher the [[concentration]].: The more [[solvent]] in a [[solution]] the lower the [[concentration]].: [[Concentration]] can have several [[unit]]s but the most common one used in science is [[Molarity]] (M). ==Key Stage 4=====Meaning===[[Concentration]] is the [[ratio ]] of the [[mass]] of [[solute]] to the [[Volume (Space)|volume]] of [[solvent]]. ===About Concentration===: [[Concentration]] can be measured in g/dm³ or mol/dm³ ([[Molarity]]).: When calculating [[concentration]] in g/dm³ the [[mass]] of the [[solute]] is [[measure]]d in [[gram]]s and the [[Volume (Space)|volume]] of [[solvent]] is [[measure]]d in [[Decimetres Cubed|decimetres cubed]].: When calculating [[concentration]] in mol/dm³ the amount of [[solute]] is [[measure]]d in [[Mole]]s by finding the [[mass]] and the [[Relative Formula Mass|relative formula mass]] of the [[chemical]] to find out the number of [[mole]]s and the [[Volume (Space)|volume]] of [[solvent]] is [[measure]]d in [[Decimetres Cubed|decimetres cubed]]. ===Equation=======Concentration by Mass===='' '''concentration (g/dm³)''' '' = <math>\frac{mass (g)}{volume (dm^3)}</math> Where:: mass = The [[mass]] of the [[solute]].: volume = The [[Volume (Space)|volume]] of [[solvent]]. ====Concentration by Moles===='' '''concentration (mol/dm³)''' '' = <math>\frac{Moles (mol)}{volume (dm^3)}</math> Where:: Moles = The number of [[mole]]s of the [[solute]]. Found by dividing the [[mass]] in [[gram]]s by the [[Relative Formula Mass|relative formula mass]].: volume = The [[Volume (Space)|volume]] of [[solvent]]. ===Calculating Concentration=======Concentration by Mass===={| class="wikitable"|-| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:center;" |117g of [[NaCl]] is [[dissolve]]d in 0.5dm³ of [[water]]. Calculate the [[concentration]] in g/dm³.| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:center;" |28g of [[KOH]] is [[dissolve]]d in 100ml of [[water]]. Calculate the [[concentration]] in g/dm³.| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:center;" |73g of [[HCl]] is [[dissolve]]d in 400ml of [[water]]. Calculate the [[concentration]] in g/dm³.|-| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''State the [[mass]] in [[gram]]s and the [[Volume (Space)|volume]] in dm³:''' [[mass]] = 117g [[Volume (Space)|volume]] = 0.5dm³| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''State the [[mass]] in [[gram]]s and the [[Volume (Space)|volume]] in dm³:''' [[mass]] = 28g [[Volume (Space)|volume]] = 100ml The [[Volume (Space)|volume]] must be converted into dm³ from ml. [[Volume (Space)|volume]] in dm³ = ([[Volume (Space)|volume]] in ml)/1000 [[Volume (Space)|volume]] = 0.1dm³| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''State the [[mass]] in [[gram]]s and the [[Volume (Space)|volume]] in dm³:''' [[mass]] = 73g [[Volume (Space)|volume]] = 400ml The [[Volume (Space)|volume]] must be converted into dm³ from ml. [[Volume (Space)|volume]] in dm³ = ([[Volume (Space)|volume]] in ml)/1000 [[Volume (Space)|volume]] = 0.4dm³|-| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |'''Calculate the Concentration:''' '' '''concentration (g/dm³)''' '' = <math>\frac{mass (g)}{volume (dm^3)}</math> '' '''concentration''' '' = <math>\frac{117}{0.5}</math> '' '''concentration''' '' = 234g/dm³| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |'''Calculate the Concentration:''' '' '''concentration (g/dm³)''' '' = <math>\frac{mass (g)}{volume (dm^3)}</math> '' '''concentration''' '' = <math>\frac{28}{0.1}</math> '' '''concentration''' '' = 280g/dm³| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |'''Calculate the Concentration:''' '' '''concentration (g/dm³)''' '' = <math>\frac{mass (g)}{volume (dm^3)}</math> '' '''concentration''' '' = <math>\frac{73}{0.4}</math> '' '''concentration''' '' = 182.5g/dm³|} ====Concentration as Molarity===={| class="wikitable"|-| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:center;" |117g of [[NaCl]] is [[dissolve]]d in 0.5dm³ of [[water]]. Calculate the [[concentration]] in g/dm³.| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:center;" |28g of [[KOH]] is [[dissolve]]d in 100ml of [[water]]. Calculate the [[concentration]] in g/dm³.| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:center;" |7.3g of [[HCl]] is [[dissolve]]d in 400ml of [[water]]. Calculate the [[concentration]] in g/dm³.|-| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''Find the number of [[mole]]s.'''[[mass]] = 117g [[Relative Formula Mass]] = 58.5g Number of [[Mole]]s of a [[Compound]] = ([[Mass]] of [[compound]])/([[Relative Formula Mass]] of [[compound]]) Number of [[Mole]]s = <math>{\frac{m}{M_r}}</math> Number of [[Mole]]s = <math>{\frac{117}{58.5}}</math> Number of [[Mole]]s = 2mol  | style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''State the [[mass]] in [[gram]]s and the [[Volume (Space)|volume]] in dm³:''''''Find the number of [[mole]]s.'''[[mass]] = 28g [[Relative Formula Mass]] = 56g Number of [[Mole]]s of a [[Compound]] = ([[Mass]] of [[compound]])/([[Relative Formula Mass]] of [[compound]]) Number of [[Mole]]s = <math>{\frac{m}{M_r}}</math> Number of [[Mole]]s = <math>{\frac{28}{56}}</math> Number of [[Mole]]s = 0.5mol| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''Find the number of [[mole]]s.'''[[mass]] = 7.3g [[Relative Formula Mass]] = 36.5g Number of [[Mole]]s of a [[Compound]] = ([[Mass]] of [[compound]])/([[Relative Formula Mass]] of [[compound]]) Number of [[Mole]]s = <math>{\frac{m}{M_r}}</math> Number of [[Mole]]s = <math>{\frac{7.3}{36.5}}</math> Number of [[Mole]]s = 0.2mol|-| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |[[Volume (Space)|volume]] = 0.5dm³| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |[[Volume (Space)|volume]] = 100ml The [[Volume (Space)|volume]] must be converted into dm³ from ml. [[Volume (Space)|volume]] in dm³ = ([[Volume (Space)|volume]] in ml)/1000 [[Volume (Space)|volume]] = 0.1dm³| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |[[Volume (Space)|volume]] = 400ml The [[Volume (Space)|volume]] must be converted into dm³ from ml. [[Volume (Space)|volume]] in dm³ = ([[Volume (Space)|volume]] in ml)/1000 [[Volume (Space)|volume]] = 0.4dm³ |-| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |'''Calculate the Concentration:''' '' '''concentration (mol/dm³)''' '' = <math>\frac{Moles (mol)}{volume (dm^3)}</math> '' '''concentration''' '' = <math>\frac{2}{0.5}</math> '' '''concentration''' '' = 4mol/dm³ = 4M| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |'''Calculate the Concentration:''' '' '''concentration (mol/dm³)''' '' = <math>\frac{Moles (mol)}{volume (dm^3)}</math> '' '''concentration''' '' = <math>\frac{0.5}{0.1}</math> '' '''concentration''' '' = 5mol/dm³ = 5M| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |'''Calculate the Concentration:''' '' '''concentration (mol/dm³)''' '' = <math>\frac{mass (g)}{volume (dm^3)}</math> '' '''concentration''' '' = <math>\frac{0.2}{0.4}</math> '' '''concentration''' '' = 0.5mol/dm³ = 5M|} ===References=======AQA==== :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0008158762/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0008158762&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=a0fffa35b3ea49a63404f6704e0df7cc ''Concentration, page 193, GCSE Chemistry; Student Book, Collins, AQA '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359381/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359381&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=47c8d1ae58d8b3a5e2094cd447154558 ''Concentration, pages 72-77, 134-135, GCSE Chemistry; Third Edition, Oxford University Press, AQA '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0008158762/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0008158762&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=a0fffa35b3ea49a63404f6704e0df7cc ''Concentration; and equilibrium, page 214-5, GCSE Chemistry; Student Book, Collins, AQA '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0008158762/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0008158762&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=a0fffa35b3ea49a63404f6704e0df7cc ''Concentration; and reaction rate, pages 200-1, 204, 206-7, GCSE Chemistry; Student Book, Collins, AQA '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851362/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851362&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=7d78d70a2044ee9982dae010c94af92a ''Concentration; Effect on dynamic equilibrium, pages 132, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy 2, Hodder, AQA '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851362/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851362&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=7d78d70a2044ee9982dae010c94af92a ''Concentration; Effect on the rate of a reaction, pages 123, 125, 127, 129, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy 2, Hodder, AQA '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0008158762/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0008158762&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=a0fffa35b3ea49a63404f6704e0df7cc ''Concentration; of acid, page 153, GCSE Chemistry; Student Book, Collins, AQA '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0008158762/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0008158762&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=a0fffa35b3ea49a63404f6704e0df7cc ''Concentration; of solution, pages 112-3, 118-9, 125, GCSE Chemistry; Student Book, Collins, AQA '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851346/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851346&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=3ac654f4b0da781c49c855a1af4c92ea ''Concentration; titrations, pages 88-90, GCSE Chemistry, Hodder, AQA '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851354/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851354&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=9012a0d354024419214fb3ad5ac44ba0 ''Concentrations of solutions, page 193, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy 1, Hodder, AQA '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945598/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945598&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=ad276ad49df77ab4b40ab4fd0fe09796 ''Concentrations, page 126, GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, AQA '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/178294639X/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=178294639X&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=51599bb45a2bfaf7c1b6a978b2ca2616 ''Concentrations, pages 118-120, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy; Chemistry, CGP, AQA '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945962/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945962&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=476bb5c8d1dfb5c08ac81b6d4d1c98d8 ''Concentrations, pages 129-135, GCSE Chemistry, CGP, AQA '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945571/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945571&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=9e29fad914244909903e5e93f8a01d87 ''Concentrations, pages 46, 47, GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, AQA ''] ====Edexcel==== :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120193/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120193&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=572df39392fb4200db8391d98ae6314e ''Concentration, pages 20, 88, 197, GCSE Combined Science, Pearson Edexcel '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120207/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120207&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=22455ff53961978667722edaa64c0be5 ''Concentration, pages 24, 126, 164, GCSE Biology, Pearson, Edexcel '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945725/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945725&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=694be7494de75af3349537d34e13f7f0 ''Concentration, pages 29, 44, 65, GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120215/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120215&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=8f96ddb76196848bafdb124354e4cf77 ''Concentration, pages 53, 112-113, GCSE Chemistry, Pearson, Edexcel '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782948147/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782948147&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=f63dcd8345f4e49c717b39a228a36c7c ''Concentration, pages 80, 81, 123, 124, 187, 188, GCSE Chemistry, CGP, Edexcel '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945741/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945741&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=30da4f2178da182547b62a7329d13b57 ''Concentration, pages 92, 106, GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945741/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945741&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=30da4f2178da182547b62a7329d13b57 ''Concentration; effect on equilibrium, page 122, GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945725/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945725&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=694be7494de75af3349537d34e13f7f0 ''Concentration; effect on equilibrium, page 60, GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782948147/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782948147&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=f63dcd8345f4e49c717b39a228a36c7c ''Concentration; effect on equilibrium, pages 173, 203, GCSE Chemistry, CGP, Edexcel '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945741/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945741&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=30da4f2178da182547b62a7329d13b57 ''Concentration; effect on rate, pages 129, 132, GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782948147/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782948147&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=f63dcd8345f4e49c717b39a228a36c7c ''Concentration; effect on rate, pages 232, 235, 236, GCSE Chemistry, CGP, Edexcel '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945725/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945725&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=694be7494de75af3349537d34e13f7f0 ''Concentration; effect on rate, pages 78, 81, GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel ''] ====OCR====:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945695/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945695&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=ceafcc80bcad6b6754ee97a0c7ceea53 ''Concentration (effect on reaction rate), page 131, Gateway GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, OCR '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945679/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945679&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=a2db42f7b4bdf10cafaafa3bb9120940 ''Concentration, pages 44, 63, 64, GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, OCR Gateway '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359829/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359829&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=90e8d7b4f039d53035238fa0320fe00b ''Concentration; acids, pages 118-119, 274-275, Gateway GCSE Chemistry, Oxford, OCR '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359829/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359829&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=90e8d7b4f039d53035238fa0320fe00b ''Concentration; calculations, pages 164-165, Gateway GCSE Chemistry, Oxford, OCR '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945679/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945679&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=a2db42f7b4bdf10cafaafa3bb9120940 ''Concentration; effect on equilibrium, page 74, GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, OCR Gateway '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945679/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945679&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=a2db42f7b4bdf10cafaafa3bb9120940 ''Concentration; effect on rate, page 71, GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, OCR Gateway '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359829/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359829&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=90e8d7b4f039d53035238fa0320fe00b ''Concentration; equilibrium position, page 188-189, 190, Gateway GCSE Chemistry, Oxford, OCR '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359829/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359829&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=90e8d7b4f039d53035238fa0320fe00b ''Concentration; reaction rates, pages 178-179, Gateway GCSE Chemistry, Oxford, OCR '']