Difference between revisions of "Crude Oil"

Latest revision as of 01:08, 4 December 2019

Key Stage 3

Meaning

Crude Oil is a Fossil Fuel formed from the remains of dead sea creatures trapped in the sediment at the bottom of the sea.

About Crude Oil

Crude Oil is a non-renewable energy resource.

Crude Oil has energy in its chemical potential energy store which can be transferred into a thermal energy store by combustion.

Key Stage 4

Meaning

Crude oil is a mixture of different hydrocarbons, mostly alkanes, formed in an anoxic environment over millions of years from the remains of dead sea creatures trapped in the sediment at the bottom of the sea.

About Crude Oil

Crude oil is known as a Fossil Fuel.

Crude oil is a non-renewable energy resource so once it is used it cannot be replaced within our lifetime.

Modern technology relies heavily on crude oil as both a fuel and a feedstock for producing plastics.

Crude oil can be separated by fractional distillation into different 'fractions' which have different applications:

Crude Oil Fraction Applications
Fraction	Carbon Chain Length	Boiling Point (°C)	Application
Natural Gas	1-2	-160 to -89	Fuel for heating homes and gas power stations.
LPG	3-4	-42 to -1	Fuel for heating homes and gas power stations.
Petrol (Gasoline)	5-10	20 to 200	Fuel for cars and feedstock for plastic manufacture.
Kerosine	10-16	180 to 260	Fuel for Planes.
Diesel	14-20	260 to 340	Fuel for cars, trucks and trains.
Lubricating Oil	20-50	370 to 600	Lubrication for machines.
Bitumen	70+	Not distilled.	Tar for roads.

Fractional Distillation Tower

A diagram showing a fractional distillation tower.

Crude Oil Fraction Properties
Fraction	Natural Gas	LPG	Petrol	Kerosene	Diesel	Lubricating Oil	Bitumen
Carbon Chain Length	1-2	3-4	5-10	10-16	14-20	20-50	70+
Boiling Point
Viscosity
Flammability
Volatility

References

@@ Line 6: / Line 6: @@
 : [[Crude Oil]] is a [[Non-renewable Energy Resources|non-renewable energy resource]].
 : [[Crude Oil]] has [[energy]] in its [[Chemical Potential Energy Store|chemical potential energy store]] which can be transferred into a [[Thermal Energy Store|thermal energy store]] by [[combustion]].
-===Power===
-: [[Crude Oil]] can be used to provide [[power]] directly buy burning it in homes, cars, trains. planes and in furnaces or it can provide power by generating electricity.
-{| class="wikitable"
-|-
-|[[File:CrudeOilPowerStationDiagram2.png|center|600px]]
-|-
-| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |A [[diagram]] of an oil [[power station]].
-|}
-: 1. Crude Oil is burned in a furnace.
-: 2. Water is heated in a boiler by the burning oil.
-: 3. Water turns to steam and passes down pipes to turn a turbine.
-: 4. The turbine causes a generator to spin.
-: 5. The generator makes an electrical current.
-====Advantages====
-*Can work continuously.
-*Power supply can be varied depending on demand.
-*Few power stations needed to supply a large number of houses.
-====Disadvantages====
-*Cost of fuel.
-*Produce Carbon Dioxide contributing to global warming.
-*Other pollutants produced which can harm health or produce acid rain.
-*Crude Oil will run out.
 ==Key Stage 4==
@@ Line 43: / Line 18: @@
 *[[Natural Gas]]
 *[[Liquid Petroleum Gas]] ([[LPG]])
-*[[Petrol]]
+*[[Petrol]] ([[Gasoline]])
 *[[Kerosine]]
 *[[Diesel]]
@@ Line 60: / Line 35: @@
 | style="height:20px; width:85px; text-align:center;" |1-2
 | style="height:20px; width:85px; text-align:center;" |-160 to -89
-| style="height:20px; width:350px; text-align:center;" |[[Fuel]] for heating homes and gas power stations.
+| style="height:20px; width:350px; text-align:center;" |[[Fuel]] for heating homes and gas [[Thermal Power Station|power station]]s.
 |-
 | style="height:20px; width:70px; text-align:center;" |[[LPG]]
 | style="height:20px; width:85px; text-align:center;" |3-4
 | style="height:20px; width:85px; text-align:center;" |-42 to -1
-| style="height:20px; width:350px; text-align:center;" |[[Fuel]] for heating homes and gas power stations.
+| style="height:20px; width:350px; text-align:center;" |[[Fuel]] for heating homes and gas [[Thermal Power Station|power station]]s.
 |-
 | style="height:20px; width:70px; text-align:center;" |[[Petrol]] (Gasoline)
@@ Line 90: / Line 65: @@
 | style="height:20px; width:85px; text-align:center;" |70+
 | style="height:20px; width:85px; text-align:center;" |Not distilled.
-| style="height:20px; width:350px; text-align:center;" |[[Tar]] for roads.
+| style="height:20px; width:350px; text-align:center;" |Tar for roads.
 |}
@@ Line 135: / Line 110: @@
 |colspan="7"|[[File:ArrowVolatility.png|center|400px]]
 |}
+===References===
+====AQA====
+:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851362/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851362&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=7d78d70a2044ee9982dae010c94af92a ''Crude oil, pages 142-3, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy 2, Hodder, AQA  '']
+:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945598/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945598&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=ad276ad49df77ab4b40ab4fd0fe09815 ''Crude oil, pages 147-149, GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, AQA '']
+:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359381/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359381&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=47c8d1ae58d8b3a5e2094cd447154558 ''Crude oil, pages 148-157, 196, GCSE Chemistry; Third Edition, Oxford University Press, AQA '']
+:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851346/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851346&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=3ac654f4b0da781c49c855a1af4c92ea ''Crude oil, pages 171-2, GCSE Chemistry, Hodder, AQA '']
+:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0008158762/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0008158762&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=a0fffa35b3ea49a63404f6704e0df7cc ''Crude oil, pages 19, 226-33, 246, 337, GCSE Chemistry; Student Book, Collins, AQA '']
+:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/178294639X/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=178294639X&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=51599bb45a2bfaf7c1b6a978b2ca2616 ''Crude oil, pages 191-195, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy; Chemistry, CGP, AQA '']
+:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945962/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945962&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=476bb5c8d1dfb5c08ac81b6d4d1c98d8 ''Crude oil, pages 223-227, GCSE Chemistry, CGP, AQA '']
+:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945571/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945571&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=9e29fad914244909903e5e93f8a01d97 ''Crude oil, pages 76, 77, GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, AQA '']
+:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0008158762/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0008158762&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=a0fffa35b3ea49a63404f6704e0df7cc ''Crude oil; formation, page 300, GCSE Chemistry; Student Book, Collins, AQA '']
+:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851362/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851362&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=7d78d70a2044ee9982dae010c94af92a ''Crude oil; Fractional distillation of, pages 144-5, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy 2, Hodder, AQA  '']
+:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851346/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851346&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=3ac654f4b0da781c49c855a1af4c92ea ''Crude oil; fractional distillation of, pages 173-4, GCSE Chemistry, Hodder, AQA '']
+====Edexcel====
+:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120215/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120215&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=8f96ddb76196848bafdb124354e4cf77 ''Crude oil, page 150, GCSE Chemistry, Pearson, Edexcel '']
+:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120193/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120193&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=572df39392fb4200db8391d98ae6314e ''Crude oil, page 264, GCSE Combined Science, Pearson Edexcel '']
+:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945741/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945741&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=30da4f2178da182547b62a7329d13b57 ''Crude oil, pages 137, 138, GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel '']
+:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782948147/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782948147&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=f63dcd8345f4e49c717b39a228a36c7c ''Crude oil, pages 253, 254, 256, GCSE Chemistry, CGP, Edexcel  '']
+:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945725/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945725&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=694be7494de75af3349537d34e13f7f0 ''Crude oil, pages 87, 88, GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel '']
+:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120215/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120215&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=8f96ddb76196848bafdb124354e4cf77 ''Crude oil; fractional distillation, pages 152-153, GCSE Chemistry, Pearson, Edexcel '']
+:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120193/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120193&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=572df39392fb4200db8391d98ae6314e ''Crude oil; fractional distillation, pages 266-267, GCSE Combined Science, Pearson Edexcel '']
+====OCR====
+:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945695/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945695&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=ceafcc80bcad6b6754ee97a0c7ceea53 ''Crude oil, pages 141-143, Gateway GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, OCR  '']
+:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359829/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359829&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=90e8d7b4f039d53035238fa0320fe00b ''Crude oil, pages 238-241, Gateway GCSE Chemistry, Oxford, OCR  '']
+:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945679/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945679&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=a2db42f7b4bdf10cafaafa3bb9120940 ''Crude oil, pages 92-94, Gateway GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, OCR '']

Difference between revisions of "Crude Oil"

Latest revision as of 01:08, 4 December 2019

Contents

Key Stage 3

Meaning

About Crude Oil

Key Stage 4

Meaning

About Crude Oil

References

AQA

Edexcel

OCR