Difference between revisions of "Chromosome"
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
==Key Stage 3== | ==Key Stage 3== | ||
===Meaning=== | ===Meaning=== | ||
| − | [[ | + | [[Chromosome]]s are coils of [[DNA]] found in the [[Cell Nucleus|nucleus]]. |
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
| Line 13: | Line 13: | ||
: Humans have 46 chromosomes. | : Humans have 46 chromosomes. | ||
: Chromosomes come in pairs, one from the father and one from the mother. | : Chromosomes come in pairs, one from the father and one from the mother. | ||
| + | : 23 [[chromosome]]s are from the father and 23 [[chromosome]]s are from the mother. | ||
| + | : The last 2 chromosomes are called sex chromosomes and they determine if the [[offspring]] is [[male]] or [[female]]. If the human has two [[X Chromosome]]s then they are [[female]]. If the human has an X and a [[Y Chromosome]] they are [[male]]. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Key Stage 4== | ||
| + | ===Meaning=== | ||
| + | A [[chromosome]] is a section of [[DNA]] that has coiled together. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===About Chromosomes=== | ||
| + | : [[Chromosome]]s are found in pairs in [[diploid]] [[Cell (Biology)|cells]]. | ||
| + | : In [[organism]]s which engage in [[Sexual Reproduction|sexual reproduction]] one of the [[chromosome]]s in the pair is [[Heredity|inherited]] from the mother and the other from the [[father]]. | ||
| + | : During [[mitosis]] [[chromosome]]s have made copies of themselves that are joined by a [[centromere]]. | ||
| + | : In [[haploid]] [[Cell (Biology)|cells]] there are half the [[number]] of [[chromosome]]s. These [[Cell (Biology)|cells]] are [[gamete]]s used in [[Sexual Reproduction|sexual reproduction]]. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===About Human Chromosomes=== | ||
| + | : Humans have 46 chromosomes. | ||
: 23 [[chromosome]]s are from the father and 23 [[chromosome]]s are from the mother. | : 23 [[chromosome]]s are from the father and 23 [[chromosome]]s are from the mother. | ||
: The last 2 chromosomes are called sex chromosomes and they determine if the [[offspring]] is [[male]] or [[female]]. If the human has two [[X Chromosome]]s then they are [[female]]. If the human has an X and a [[Y Chromosome]] they are [[male]]. | : The last 2 chromosomes are called sex chromosomes and they determine if the [[offspring]] is [[male]] or [[female]]. If the human has two [[X Chromosome]]s then they are [[female]]. If the human has an X and a [[Y Chromosome]] they are [[male]]. | ||
Revision as of 19:30, 18 November 2018
Contents
Key Stage 3
Meaning
Chromosomes are coils of DNA found in the nucleus.
 |
| This diagram shows how DNA is coiled up to make a chromosome. |
About Human Chromosomes
- Humans have 46 chromosomes.
- Chromosomes come in pairs, one from the father and one from the mother.
- 23 chromosomes are from the father and 23 chromosomes are from the mother.
- The last 2 chromosomes are called sex chromosomes and they determine if the offspring is male or female. If the human has two X Chromosomes then they are female. If the human has an X and a Y Chromosome they are male.
Key Stage 4
Meaning
A chromosome is a section of DNA that has coiled together.
About Chromosomes
- Chromosomes are found in pairs in diploid cells.
- In organisms which engage in sexual reproduction one of the chromosomes in the pair is inherited from the mother and the other from the father.
- During mitosis chromosomes have made copies of themselves that are joined by a centromere.
- In haploid cells there are half the number of chromosomes. These cells are gametes used in sexual reproduction.
About Human Chromosomes
- Humans have 46 chromosomes.
- 23 chromosomes are from the father and 23 chromosomes are from the mother.
- The last 2 chromosomes are called sex chromosomes and they determine if the offspring is male or female. If the human has two X Chromosomes then they are female. If the human has an X and a Y Chromosome they are male.