Difference between revisions of "Hydroxide Ion (Chemistry)"

Revision as of 20:09, 6 January 2019

A Hydroxide ion (OH^-), is a positive ion of Hydrogen found in acid solutions.

When a basic compound dissolves in water it forms Hydroxide ions.

Hydroxide ions are responsible for the corrosive properties of alkalis.

Metal Hydroxides form Hydroxide ions in water.

NaOH(aq) → Na⁺(aq)+OH^-(aq)

KOH(aq) → K⁺(aq)+OH^-(aq)

Mg(OH)₂(aq) → Mg⁺²(aq)+2OH^-(aq)

Ca(OH)₂(aq) → Ca⁺²(aq)+2OH^-(aq)

Al(OH)₃(aq) → Al⁺³(aq)+3OH^-(aq)

Metal Oxides react with water to produce Metal Hydroxides which also form Hydroxide ions.

Na₂O(s) + H₂O(l) → 2Na⁺(aq)+2OH^-(aq)

K₂O(s) + H₂O(l) → 2K⁺(aq)+2OH^-(aq)

MgO(s) + 2H₂O(l) → Mg⁺²(aq)+2OH^-(aq)

CaO(s) + 2H₂O(l) → Ca⁺²(aq)+2OH^-(aq)

Al₂O₃(s) + 3H₂O(l) → 2Al⁺³(aq)+6OH^-(aq)

Ammonia also reacts with water to produce Hydroxide ions:

NH₃O(aq) + H₂O(l) ⇌ NH₄⁺(aq)+OH^-(aq)

@@ Line 15: / Line 15: @@
 : Al(OH)<sub>3</sub>(aq) → Al<sup>+3</sup>(aq)+3OH<sup>-</sup>(aq)
-[[Metal Oxide]]s [[Chemical Reaction|react]] with [[water]] to form [[Metal Hydroxides]].
+[[Metal Oxide]]s [[Chemical Reaction|react]] with [[water]] to [[product|produce]] [[Metal Hydroxides]] which also form '''Hydroxide ions'''.
 : Na<sub>2</sub>O(s) + H<sub>2</sub>O(l) → 2Na<sup>+</sup>(aq)+2OH<sup>-</sup>(aq)
 : K<sub>2</sub>O(s) + H<sub>2</sub>O(l) → 2K<sup>+</sup>(aq)+2OH<sup>-</sup>(aq)
@@ Line 22: / Line 22: @@
 : Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>(s) + 3H<sub>2</sub>O(l) → 2Al<sup>+3</sup>(aq)+6OH<sup>-</sup>(aq)
-[[Ammonia]] also [[Chemical Reaction|reacts]] with [[water]] to produce '''hydroxide ions''':
+[[Ammonia]] also [[Chemical Reaction|reacts]] with [[water]] to produce '''Hydroxide ions''':
 : NH<sub>3</sub>O(aq) + H<sub>2</sub>O(l) ⇌ NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>(aq)+OH<sup>-</sup>(aq)