Changes

*The conditions of the road and tyres - The less [[friction]] between the road and tyres the longer the [[Braking Distance|braking distance]]. Water, oil or ice on the road all reduce the [[friction]] between the tyres and the road, causing the '''braking distance''' to be greater than for a dry road.: Different road surfaces have different amounts of [[friction]]. The painted lines on the road and the metal of a manhole cover are both low [[friction]] surfaces which are especially dangerous for motorcycles which only have two wheels (at least with 4 wheels a car will have 3 of them on the normal road with 1 on the slippery surface of a line or manhole cover).*The condition of the brakes, if they are in poor condition there will not be enough [[friction]].*The [[mass]] of the car. The more [[mass]] a car has the more [[force]] is required to slow it down so brakes providing a constant [[force]] won't be as effective. ''Higher: See [[Inertial Mass]]''.*[[Weather]] conditions - Ice reduces friction with the road making braking distance longer.

 ====Edexcel====:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120223/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120223&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=068ecf40278c32406a7f1c6e66751417 ''Braking distance, pages 26, 28-29, GCSE Physics, Pearson Edexcel '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120193/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120193&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=572df39392fb4200db8391d98ae6314e ''Braking distance, pages 310, 311, GCSE Combined Science, Pearson Edexcel '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945741/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945741&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=30da4f2178da182547b62a7329d13b57 ''Braking distances, page 155, GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/14718513701782945733/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=14718513701782945733&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=01c69b0ae058f809cf636033e6ba793e 2a2dbec9db6bf5766c0458d908fa0a52 ''Braking distances, pages 22, 23, GCSE Physics; influencing factorsThe Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782948163/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782948163&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=0fdbfd5dd397d6e24a9dfb250f08587f ''Braking distances, pages 49-52, GCSE Physics, CGP, Edexcel '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782948163/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782948163&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=0fdbfd5dd397d6e24a9dfb250f08587f ''Braking distances; work done in braking, page 16552, GCSE Physics, CGP, Edexcel ''] ====OCR====:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359837/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359837&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=3c4229e8b023b2b60768e7ea2307cc6f ''Braking distance, pages 220-221, Gateway GCSE Physics, HodderOxford, AQA OCR '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945695/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945695&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=ceafcc80bcad6b6754ee97a0c7ceea53 ''Braking distances, page 210, Gateway GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, OCR ''] ==Key Stage 5=====Meaning===[[Braking Distance|Braking distance]] is the distance traveled by a vehicle in the [[time]] taken to stop it. ===About Braking Distance=== *[[Braking Distance|Braking distance]] depends on the vehicle's speed, mass, and the condition of the brakes.*The [[Braking Distance|braking distance]] of a vehicle on the road is affected by road conditions, tire quality and the conditions of the brakes.*[[Braking Distance|Braking distance]] is part of the total [[Stopping Distance|stopping distance]], which also includes [[Thinking Distance|thinking distance]] with depends upon [[Reaction Time|reaction time]]. ===Formula===[[Braking Distance|Braking distance]] can be given by the formula: <math>s=\frac{𝑣^2}{2a}</math> Where: s is the [[Braking Distance|braking distance]] 𝑣 is the initial [[velocity]] of the [[object]] and a is the [[acceleration]] of the [[object]] (in this case it is referred to as deceleration and if the velocity is chosen to be in a positive direction, the acceleration must be given a negative value).  When considering the [[friction]]al [[force]]s involved between surfaces such as the tyre and the road surface for a car then then [[Braking Distance|Braking distance]] can be given by the formula: <math>s=\frac{𝑣^2}{2𝜇𝑔}</math> Where: s is the [[Braking Distance|braking distance]] 𝑣 is the initial [[velocity]] of the car μ is the [[Coefficient of Friction|coefficient of friction]] and g is the [[acceleration]] due to [[gravity]] or [[Gravitational Field Strength]]. ===Examples=== *At higher speeds, the [[Braking Distance|braking distance]] increases significantly.*Wet or icy roads increase the [[Braking Distance|braking distance]] due to reduced [[friction]].