Changes

The [[Particle Model]] explains [[explain]]s how increasing the [[Gas Pressure|pressure]] on a [[gas]], and compressing it, causes the [[particle]]s in that [[gas]] to [[collide]] more frequently (more often). This means at higher [[Gas Pressure|pressure]]s the [[particle]]s of [[reactant]]s will [[collide]] with each other more frequently, increasing the chances of them [[Chemical Reaction|reacting]] and increasing the [[Rate of Reaction|rate of reaction]]. ''NB This may not be true in the case of some [[Reversible Reaction|reversible reactions]] (see [[Dynamic Equilibrium]]).'' ===Concentration and Collision Theory===The [[Particle Model]] [[explain]]s how a higher [[concentration]] of [[gas]], [[liquid]] or [[solute]] causes [[particle]]s to [[collide]] more frequently (more often). This means at higher [[concentration]] the [[particle]]s of [[reactant]]s will [[collide]] with each other more frequently, increasing the chances of them [[Chemical Reaction|reacting]]and increasing the [[Rate of Reaction|rate of reaction]]. ===Surface Area and Collision Theory===The [[Particle Model]] [[explain]]s how [[particle]]s in a [[solid]] [[vibrate]] around fixed positions. This means most of those [[particle]]s cannot [[collide]] with other [[reactant]]s. It is only the [[particle]]s on the surface of the [[solid]] that can have other [[reactant]]s [[collide]] with them. Therefore the larger the [[Surface Area|surface area]] the more frequently [[reactant]] [[particle]]s in a [[gas]] or [[liquid]] will [[collide]] with the [[reactant]] [[particle]]s in the [[solid]], increasing the [[Rate of Reaction|rate of reaction]]. ===Catalysts and Collision Theory===[[Catalyst]]s can provide different "reaction pathways" so that [[particle]]s of [[reactant]]s may not need to [[collide]] for a [[Chemical Reaction|reaction]] to occur.Instead the [[reactant]]s may [[collide]] with the [[catalyst]]. For instance a [[reactant]] may pass on an [[electron]] to a [[catalyst]] which then passes that [[electron]] on to the other [[reactant]] resulting in the same product, but without the two [[reactant]]s [[colliding]] with one another. ===References=======AQA==== :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851346/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851346&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=3ac654f4b0da781c49c855a1af4c92ea ''Collision theory, page 151, GCSE Chemistry, Hodder, AQA '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851362/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851362&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=7d78d70a2044ee9982dae010c94af92a ''Collision theory, pages 122, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy 2, Hodder, AQA '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359381/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359381&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=47c8d1ae58d8b3a5e2094cd447154558 ''Collision theory, pages 130-135, GCSE Chemistry; Third Edition, Oxford University Press, AQA '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945598/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945598&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=ad276ad49df77ab4b40ab4fd0fe09788 ''Collision theory, pages 138-139, GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, AQA '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/178294639X/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=178294639X&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=51599bb45a2bfaf7c1b6a978b2ca2616 ''Collision theory, pages 164-167, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy; Chemistry, CGP, AQA '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0008158762/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0008158762&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=a0fffa35b3ea49a63404f6704e0df7cc ''Collision theory, pages 193, 202, 206-7, GCSE Chemistry; Student Book, Collins, AQA '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945962/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945962&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=476bb5c8d1dfb5c08ac81b6d4d1c98d8 ''Collision theory, pages 196-199, GCSE Chemistry, CGP, AQA '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945571/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945571&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=9e29fad914244909903e5e93f8a01d83 ''Collision theory, pages 67, 68, GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, AQA '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0008158754/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0008158754&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=27ad53b0283feeff7fc5ae04a9e205f170 ''Collision theory, pages 96-97, GCSE Biology; Student Book, Collins, AQA ''] ====Edexcel==== :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945741/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945741&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=30da4f2178da182547b62a7329d13b57 ''Collision theory, page 132, GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945725/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945725&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=694be7494de75af3349537d34e13f7f0 ''Collision theory, page 81, GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782948147/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782948147&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=f63dcd8345f4e49c717b39a228a36c7c ''Collision theory, pages 235-237, GCSE Chemistry, CGP, Edexcel ''] ====OCR====:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945679/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945679&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=a2db42f7b4bdf10cafaafa3bb9120940 ''Collision theory, page 71, GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, OCR Gateway '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945695/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945695&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=ceafcc80bcad6b6754ee97a0c7ceea53 ''Collision theory, pages 131, 132, Gateway GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, OCR '']