Changes

==Key Stage 2=====Meaning===An '''adaptation''' is a special part a [[alive|living creature ]] has that helps it survive. Sometimes an '''adaptation''' is the shape or size of certain parts of the creature.

: Singular [[Noun]]: '''Adaptation''': Plural [[Noun]]: '''Adaptations''': [[Verb]]: '''To adapt''': [[Adjective]]: '''Adapted''' ===About Adaptations===: '''Adaptations''' allow organisms to survive in their [[habitat]]s.: '''Adaptations''' are caused by [[evolution]]. ===Adaptations for the Arctic and Antarctic==={||[[File:PolarBear.png|center|300px]]| style="padding: 10px; height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |The polar bear is '''adapted''' because it has thick fur to stay warm and it has white fur to camouflage in the snow.|-|[[File:ArcticFox.png|center|300px]]| style="padding: 10px; height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |The arctic fox is well '''adapted''' to the arctic with thick fluffy white fur.|-|[[File:Penguin.png|center|300px]]| style="padding: 10px; height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |An '''adaptation''' of penguins is thick fluffy feathers to keep warm. Penguins do not need to be camouflaged with white feathers because there are few predators to hunt them.|}   {| class="wikitable"|-|[[File:PolarBear.png|center|200px]]|[[File:ArcticFox.png|center|200px]]|[[File:Penguin.png|center|200px]]|-| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |The polar bear is '''adapted''' because it has thick fur to stay warm and it has white fur to camouflage in the snow.| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |The arctic fox is well '''adapted''' to the arctic with thick fluffy white fur.| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |An '''adaptation''' of penguins is thick fluffy feathers to keep warm. Penguins do not need to be camouflaged with white feathers because there are few predators to hunt them.|} ===Adaptations for deserts==Examples= {| class="wikitable"|-|[[File:CactusSaguaro.png|center|200px]]|[[File:Camel.png|center|200px]]|[[File:DesertFox.png|center|200px]]|-| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |The cactus has evolved the '''adaptation''' of not having any leaves. This stops them from losing water too quickly in the dry desert.| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |An '''adaptation''' of camels for the desert is the hump on their back which stores food because there is not much to eat in the desert.| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |The desert fox has been '''adapted''' to have very large ears to help them cool down when it is hot.|} ===Adaptations for coldDefence==={| class="wikitable"|-|[[File:Hedgehog.png|center|200px]]Some |[[File:CactusSaguaro.png|center|200px]]|[[File:OctopusInk.png|center|200px]]|-| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Hedgehogs have spikes. This '''adaptation''' make it difficult for [[animal|animals ]] to eat them.| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Cactus plants have spikes. This '''adaptation''' make it difficult for [[animal|animals]] to eat them.| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Octopuses and squid spray ink when they are being attacked. This '''adaptation''' makes it difficult for the [[predator]] to see them when the swim away.|} ==Key Stage 3=====Meaning===An [[adaptation]] is a special part an [[organism]] has that helps it survive in its [[habitat]]. Sometimes an [[adaptation]] is the shape or size of certain parts of the [[organism]]. ===Adaptations of Animals==={| class="wikitable"|-|[[File:PolarBear.png|center|200px]]|[[File:Camel.png|center|200px]]|[[File:Hedgehog.png|center|200px]]|-| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |The polar bear is '''adapted''' because it has thick furto stay warm and it has white fur to camouflage in the snow.| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |An '''adaptation''' of camels for the desert is the hump on their back which stores food because there is not much to eat in the desert.| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Hedgehogs have spikes. This '''adaptation''' make it difficult for [[animal|animals]] to eat them.|} ===Adaptations of Plants==={| class="wikitable"|-|[[File:CactusSaguaro.png|center|200px]]|[[File:LeafCrossSection.png|center|200px]]|[[File:Acorn.png|center|200px]]|-| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |The cactus has evolved the '''adaptation''' of not having any leaves. This stops them from losing water too quickly in the dry desert.| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |An '''adaptation''' of the [[leaf]] is the air gaps that allow the exchange of gases needed for photosynthesis and respiration.| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |An [[adaptation]] of many plants is to have hard seeds which are shells which protect the [[offspring]] from being eaten as well as from cold or dry conditions allowing the [[offspring]] to wait for the conditions to be just right before [[germination|germinating]].|} ===Adaptations of Specialised Cells==={| class="wikitable"|-| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |'''[[Muscle Cell]]'''| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |'''[[Sperm Cell]]'''| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |'''[[Palisade Cell]]'''| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |'''[[Root Hair Cell]]'''|-|[[File:MuscleCellClipart.png|center|200px]]|[[File:SpermCellClipart.png|center|200px]]|[[File:PalisadeCellClipart.png|center|200px]]|[[File:RootHairCellClipart.png|center|200px]]|-| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |This [[Cell (Biology)|cell]] is '''adapted''' with muscle fibres that allow it to get shorter and longer and extra [[mitochondria]] to power the movement.| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |The [[adaptation]]s of the [[Sperm Cell|sperm cell]] are a tail for swimming, fluffy feathers extra [[mitochondria]] to provide energy for movement and [[enzyme]]s in the head to break through the jelly coating on an [[ovum]].| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |The [[Palisade Cell|palisade cell]] is '''adapted''' with an elongated shape and extra [[chloroplast]]s to collect as much light as possible to power [[photosynthesis]].| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |This [[Cell (Biology)|cell]] is '''adapted''' with a long root hair to increase its [[Surface Area|surface area]] so it can [[Absorb (biology)|absorb]] [[water]] and [[mineral]]s quickly.|} ==Key Stage 4=====Meaning===[[Adaptation]]s are features of an [[organism]] that help it survive within its [[ecosystem]] or features of [[Specialised Cell|specialised cells]] which allow them to perform a specific job within an [[organism]]. ===About Adaptations===: [[Adaptation]]s [[Evolution|evolve]] over many generations. ===Examples==={| class="wikitable"|-|[[File:DesertFox.png|center|400px]]|[[File:ArcticFox.png|center|400px]]|-| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''Adaptations''' of the desert fox:*Thin fur - Allows it to cool down more quickly.*Large ears - Allow the fox to lose [[Thermal Energy Store|thermal energy]] through [[Blood Vessel|blood vessels]] in the [[ear]]s.*Large surface area compared to volume - Provides a large amount greater area for [[Thermal Energy Store|thermal energy]] to escape.*[[Nocturnal]] - The desert fox sleeps during the day and comes out at night when it is cooler.*Sand coloured fur - To camouflage the desert fox when it is hunting. | style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:left;" |'''Adaptations''' of fat the arctic fox:*Thick fur - Insulates the fox to help them live keep warm.*Small ears - To prevent the loss of [[Thermal Energy Store|thermal energy]] through [[Blood Vessel|blood vessels]] in the cold[[ear]]s.*Small surface area compared to volume - The rounded shape provides a smaller area for [[Thermal Energy Store|thermal energy]] to escape.*White coloured fur - To camouflage the desert fox when it is hunting.|} ===References=======AQA====:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0008158754/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0008158754&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=27ad53b0283feeff7fc5ae04a9e205f9 ''Adaptation; behaviour, pages 338-9, GCSE Biology; Student Book, Collins, AQA'']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0008158754/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0008158754&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=27ad53b0283feeff7fc5ae04a9e205f10 ''Adaptation; camouflage, pages 338, GCSE Biology; Student Book, Collins, AQA'']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0008158754/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0008158754&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=27ad53b0283feeff7fc5ae04a9e205f11 ''Adaptation; cell, pages 26-7, 60-1, GCSE Biology; Student Book, Collins, AQA'']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0008158754/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0008158754&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=27ad53b0283feeff7fc5ae04a9e205f12 ''Adaptation; functional, page 339, GCSE Biology; Student Book, Collins, AQA'']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0008158754/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0008158754&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=27ad53b0283feeff7fc5ae04a9e205f13 ''Adaptation; organ, 100-1, GCSE Biology; Student Book, Collins, AQA'']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0008158754/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0008158754&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=27ad53b0283feeff7fc5ae04a9e205f14 ''Adaptation; organisms, pages 54, 322-3, 338-9, GCSE Biology; Student Book, Collins, AQA'']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0008158754/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0008158754&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=27ad53b0283feeff7fc5ae04a9e205f15 ''Adaptation; structural, pages 339-41, GCSE Biology; Student Book, Collins, AQA'']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945563/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945563&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=9a1d023a374038e6072f33c4f3cf808b ''Adaptations, page 108, GCSE Biology; The Revision Guide, CGP, AQA'']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945598/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945598&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=ad276ad49df77ab4b40ab4fd0fe09660 ''Adaptations, page 85, GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, AQA'']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851338/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851338&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=425855d5890466e47189e1c21b67a1ea ''Adaptations, pages 242-5, 248-9, GCSE Biology, Hodder, AQA'']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782946381/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782946381&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=5ec5fc3f6429e30c1d9ab9bca2bccf93 ''Adaptations, pages 261, 262, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy; Biology, CGP, AQA'']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945954/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945954&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=100574c08fbbb64318256eb79ed61a76 ''Adaptations, pages 321, 322, GCSE Biology, CGP, AQA'']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851362/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851362&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=7d78d70a2044ee9982dae010c94af92a ''Adaptations, pages 74, 81-2, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy 2, Hodder, AQA '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851354/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851354&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=9012a0d354024419214fb3ad5ac44ba0 ''Adaptations; cell specialisations, pages 8-10, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy 1, Hodder, AQA'']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851354/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851354&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=9012a0d354024419214fb3ad5ac44ba0 ''Adaptations; facilitation of diffusion, pages 31, 33, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy 1, Hodder, AQA'']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851362/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851362&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=7d78d70a2044ee9982dae010c94af92a ''Adaptations; To extreme environments, pages 82-3, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy 2, Hodder, AQA ''] ====Edexcel====:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120193/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120193&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=572df39392fb4200db8391d98ae6314e ''Adaptations, pages 8, 126, GCSE Combined Science, Pearson Edexcel '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120207/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120207&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=22455ff53961978667722edaa64c0be5 ''Adaptations, pages 8, 180, GCSE Biology, Pearson, Edexcel '']