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===About Baryons===
: '''Baryons''' include:
:*[[Proton]] - A type of [[baryon]] with a [[mass]] of 1.67x10<sup>-27</sup> kg and a [[Electrical Charge|charge]] of 1.60x10<sup>-19</sup>[[Coulomb]]s, made of 2 [[Up-quark]]s and 1 [[Down-quark]].:*[[Neutron]] - A type of [[baryon]] with a [[mass]] of 1.67x10<sup>-27</sup> kg and zero [[Electrical Charge|charge]], made of 2 [[Down-quark]]s and 1 [[Up-quark]].
: There are many other [[baryon]]s made from different groups of [[quark]]s. However, these are unstable and exist only for very short periods of time before [[Radioactive Decay|decaying]] via the [[Weak Nuclear Interaction|weak nuclear interaction]] into other, most stable, [[Subatomic Particle|subatomic particles]].
: '''Baryons''' are affected by the:
:*[[Electromagnetic Interaction]]
:*[[Gravitational Interaction]]
{| border="1" style="border-collapse:collapse"
| style="height:20px; width:100px; text-align:center;"|'''Baryon'''
| style="height:20px; width:100px; text-align:center;"|'''[[Quark]]-composition'''
| style="height:20px; width:100px; text-align:center;"|[[Electrical Charge|'''Charge''']]/[[Elementary Charge|e]]
| style="height:20px; width:100px; text-align:center;"|'''[[Strangeness]]'''
| style="height:20px; width:100px; text-align:center;"|'''[[Conservation of Baryon Number|Baryon Number]]'''
| style="height:20px; width:100px; text-align:center;"|'''[[Conservation of Lepton Number|Lepton Number]]'''
|-
| style="height:20px; width:100px; text-align:center;"|
[[Proton]]
| style="height:20px; width:100px; text-align:center;"|<math>uud</math>
| style="height:20px; width:100px; text-align:center;"|<math>Q=+1</math>
| style="height:20px; width:100px; text-align:center;"|<math>S=0</math>
| style="height:20px; width:100px; text-align:center;"|<math>B=+1</math>
| style="height:20px; width:100px; text-align:center;"|<math>L=0</math>
|-
| style="height:20px; width:100px; text-align:center;"|
[[neutron]]
| style="height:20px; width:100px; text-align:center;"|<math>udd</math>
| style="height:20px; width:100px; text-align:center;"|<math>Q=0</math>
| style="height:20px; width:100px; text-align:center;"|<math>S=0</math>
| style="height:20px; width:100px; text-align:center;"|<math>B=1</math>
| style="height:20px; width:100px; text-align:center;"|<math>L=0</math>
|}
===Determining Baryon Composition===
''NB: You only need to memorise the names and [[quark]] composition of the [[proton]] and the [[neutron]]. However, you should be able to determine the [[quark]] composition given the [[Electrical Charge|charge]] and [[strangeness]] of a given [[baryon]] and by remembering the properties of the [[up-quark]], [[down-quark]] and [[strange-quark]].''
: '''Baryons''' can be shown in the following diagram:
{| border="1" style="border-collapse:collapse"
|-
|[[File:BaryonHexagon.png|center|600px]]
|-
| style="height:20px; width:600px; text-align:center;" |The composition of these '''baryons''' can be determined given their [[Electrical Charge|charge]] and [[strangeness]].
|}
====Examples====
{| border="1" style="border-collapse:collapse"
|+ This table is for referencing the properties of the [[quark]]s.
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;"|'''[[Quark]]'''
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;"|[[Electrical Charge|'''Charge''']]/[[Elementary Charge|e]]
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;"|'''[[Strangeness]]'''
|-
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;"|
[[Up-quark]]
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;"|<math>q=+\frac{2}{3}</math>
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;"|<math>S=0</math>
|-
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;"|
[[Antiup-quark]]
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;"|<math>q=-\frac{2}{3}</math>
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;"|<math>S=0</math>
|-
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;"|
[[Down-quark]]
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;"|<math>q=-\frac{1}{3}</math>
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;"|<math>S=0</math>
|-
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;"|
[[Antidown-quark]]
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;"|<math>q=+\frac{1}{3}</math>
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;"|<math>S=0</math>
|-
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;"|
[[Strange-quark]]
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;"|<math>q=-\frac{1}{3}</math>
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;"|<math>S=-1</math>
|-
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;"|
[[Antistrange-quark]]
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;"|<math>q=+\frac{1}{3}</math>
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;"|<math>S=+1</math>
|}
{| class="wikitable"
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:center;" |'''Determine the composition of the Σ<sup>+</sup>'''
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:center;" |'''Determine the composition of the Ξ<sup>-</sup>'''
|-
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |
'''[[Strangeness]]'''
Σ<sup>+</sup> has a [[strangeness]] of -1, therefore it contains a [[strange-quark]].
'''[[Electrical Charge|Charge]]'''
<math>+1 = -\frac{1}{3} + x + y</math>
<math>+\frac{4}{3} =x + y</math>
Σ<sup>+</sup> has a [[Positive Charge|positive charge]]. This can be achieved with its [[strange-quark]] with a [[Electrical Charge|charge]] of <math>-\frac{1}{3}</math>[[Elementary Charge|e]] and two [[quark]]s with a charge of <math>+\frac{2}{3}</math>[[Elementary Charge|e]] (an pair of [[up-quark]]s).
Since <math>+1 = -\frac{1}{3} + \frac{2}{3} + \frac{2}{3}</math>
Therefore <math>Σ^+ = s + u + u</math>
Sigma Baryon = suu
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |
'''[[Strangeness]]'''
Ξ<sup>-</sup> has a [[strangeness]] of -2, therefore it contains two [[strange-quark]]s.
'''[[Electrical Charge|Charge]]'''
<math>-1 = -\frac{1}{3} + -\frac{1}{3} + x</math>
Ξ<sup>-</sup> has a [[Negative Charge|negative charge]]. This can be achieved with its two [[strange-quark]]s with a [[Electrical Charge|charge]] of <math>-\frac{1}{3}</math>[[Elementary Charge|e]] each and another [[Electrical Charge|charge]] of <math>-\frac{1}{3}</math>[[Elementary Charge|e]] (a [[down-quark]]).
Since <math>-1 = -\frac{1}{3} + -\frac{1}{3} -\frac{1}{3}</math>
Therefore <math>Ξ^- = s + s + d</math>
Xi Baryon = ssd
|}