Difference between revisions of "Stopping Distance"
(Created page with "The distance a car travels between the driver noticing a hazard and coming to a stop.") |
(→Key Stage 4) |
||
| (8 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
| − | + | ==Key Stage 4== | |
| + | ===Meaning=== | ||
| + | '''Stopping distance''' is the distance a vehicle travels between the driver noticing a hazard and coming to a stop. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===About Stopping Distance=== | ||
| + | '''Stopping distance''' is made of two parts: | ||
| + | *[[Thinking Distance]] - The distance travelled by the vehicle between noticing a hazard and putting the foot on the brakes. | ||
| + | *[[Braking Distance]] - The distance travelled once the vehicle has applied the brakes. | ||
| + | |||
| + | '''Stopping Distance''' = [[Thinking Distance]] + [[Braking Distance]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | '''Stopping distance''' depends on: | ||
| + | *The [[speed]] of the vehicle - The greater the [[speed]] the larger the '''stopping distance'''. | ||
| + | *[[Thinking Distance]] | ||
| + | **The [[Human Reaction Time|reaction time]] of the driver - The longer the [[Human Reaction Time|reaction time]] the longer the [[Thinking Distance|thinking distance]]. This is affected by [[Alcohol (Drug)|alcohol]], [[drug]]s and tiredness. | ||
| + | *[[Braking Distance]] | ||
| + | **The conditions of the road and tyres - The less [[friction]] between the road and tyres the longer the [[Braking Distance|braking distance]] and therefore '''stopping distance'''. | ||
| + | **The condition of the brakes, if they are in poor condition there will not be enough [[friction]]. | ||
| + | **The [[mass]] of the car. The more [[mass]] a car has the more [[force]] is required to slow it down ([[Newton's Second Law]]) so brakes providing a constant [[force]] won't be as effective. ''Higher: See [[Inertial Mass]]''. | ||
| + | **[[Weather]] conditions - Ice reduces friction with the road making braking distance longer. | ||
| + | |||
| + | {| class="wikitable" | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | |[[File:StoppingDistances.png|center|600px]] | ||
| + | |} | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===References=== | ||
| + | ====AQA==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851370/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851370&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=01c69b0ae058f809cf636033e6ba793e ''Stopping distance, page 164, GCSE Physics, Hodder, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0008158770/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0008158770&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=ec31595e720e1529e49876c3866fff6e ''Stopping distance, pages 141, 166-7, GCSE Physics; Student Book, Collins, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851362/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851362&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=7d78d70a2044ee9982dae010c94af92a ''Stopping distance, pages 242, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy 2, Hodder, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/019835939X/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=019835939X&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=57e96876985fc39b1a3d8a3e3dc238b6 ''Stopping distances, pages 148-149, 157, GCSE Physics; Third Edition, Oxford University Press, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782946403/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782946403&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=32a0abb60dff015b15b50e9b1d7b4644 ''Stopping distances, pages 176-178, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy; Physics, CGP, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945970/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945970&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=a120d24dcc7cc7a58192069a3aafc1d2 ''Stopping distances, pages 208-210, 212, GCSE Physics; The Complete 9-1 Course for AQA, CGP, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945598/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945598&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=ad276ad49df77ab4b40ab4fd0fe10322 ''Stopping distances, pages 215, 216, GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/178294558X/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=178294558X&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=f0dfb66dafcb0c6e9449e7b1a4ae1ac432 ''Stopping distances, pages 67, 69, GCSE Physics; The Revision Guide, CGP, AQA ''] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ====Edexcel==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945741/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945741&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=30da4f2178da182547b62a7329d13b57 ''Stopping distances, page 155, GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945733/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945733&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=2a2dbec9db6bf5766c0458d908fa0a52 ''Stopping distances, page 22, GCSE Physics; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120223/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120223&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=068ecf40278c32406a7f1c6e66751417 ''Stopping distances, pages 26-27, GCSE Physics, Pearson Edexcel ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782948163/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782948163&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=0fdbfd5dd397d6e24a9dfb250f08587f ''Stopping distances, pages 49-52, GCSE Physics, CGP, Edexcel ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782948163/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782948163&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=0fdbfd5dd397d6e24a9dfb250f08587f ''Stopping distances; estimating, page 51, GCSE Physics, CGP, Edexcel ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782948163/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782948163&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=0fdbfd5dd397d6e24a9dfb250f08587f ''Stopping distances; factors affecting, pages 49, 50, GCSE Physics, CGP, Edexcel ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782948163/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782948163&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=0fdbfd5dd397d6e24a9dfb250f08587f ''Stopping distances; typical values, page 52, GCSE Physics, CGP, Edexcel ''] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ====OCR==== | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359837/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359837&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=3c4229e8b023b2b60768e7ea2307cc6f ''Stopping distance, pages 220-221, Gateway GCSE Physics, Oxford, OCR ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945695/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945695&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=ceafcc80bcad6b6754ee97a0c7ceea53 ''Stopping distances, page 210, Gateway GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, OCR ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945687/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945687&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=9a598e52189317a20311d7a632747bc9 ''Stopping distances, pages 90, 91, Gateway GCSE Physics; The Revision Guide, CGP, OCR ''] | ||
Latest revision as of 09:06, 20 October 2020
Contents
Key Stage 4
Meaning
Stopping distance is the distance a vehicle travels between the driver noticing a hazard and coming to a stop.
About Stopping Distance
Stopping distance is made of two parts:
- Thinking Distance - The distance travelled by the vehicle between noticing a hazard and putting the foot on the brakes.
- Braking Distance - The distance travelled once the vehicle has applied the brakes.
Stopping Distance = Thinking Distance + Braking Distance
Stopping distance depends on:
- The speed of the vehicle - The greater the speed the larger the stopping distance.
- Thinking Distance
- The reaction time of the driver - The longer the reaction time the longer the thinking distance. This is affected by alcohol, drugs and tiredness.
- Braking Distance
- The conditions of the road and tyres - The less friction between the road and tyres the longer the braking distance and therefore stopping distance.
- The condition of the brakes, if they are in poor condition there will not be enough friction.
- The mass of the car. The more mass a car has the more force is required to slow it down (Newton's Second Law) so brakes providing a constant force won't be as effective. Higher: See Inertial Mass.
- Weather conditions - Ice reduces friction with the road making braking distance longer.
 |
References
AQA
- Stopping distance, page 164, GCSE Physics, Hodder, AQA
- Stopping distance, pages 141, 166-7, GCSE Physics; Student Book, Collins, AQA
- Stopping distance, pages 242, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy 2, Hodder, AQA
- Stopping distances, pages 148-149, 157, GCSE Physics; Third Edition, Oxford University Press, AQA
- Stopping distances, pages 176-178, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy; Physics, CGP, AQA
- Stopping distances, pages 208-210, 212, GCSE Physics; The Complete 9-1 Course for AQA, CGP, AQA
- Stopping distances, pages 215, 216, GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, AQA
- Stopping distances, pages 67, 69, GCSE Physics; The Revision Guide, CGP, AQA
Edexcel
- Stopping distances, page 155, GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel
- Stopping distances, page 22, GCSE Physics; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel
- Stopping distances, pages 26-27, GCSE Physics, Pearson Edexcel
- Stopping distances, pages 49-52, GCSE Physics, CGP, Edexcel
- Stopping distances; estimating, page 51, GCSE Physics, CGP, Edexcel
- Stopping distances; factors affecting, pages 49, 50, GCSE Physics, CGP, Edexcel
- Stopping distances; typical values, page 52, GCSE Physics, CGP, Edexcel