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: An [[experiment]] may be made '''invalid''' by not using [[Control Variable|control variable]]s as they may affect the [[results]] instead of the [[Independent Variable|independent variable]].
: A [[conclusion]] may also be [[valid]] or [[valid|invalid]] depending on whether the [[conclusion]] fits the [[results]] that were given.
===Examples===
====Valid Experiment====
: [[Hypothesis]] - The [[extension]] of a [[Coil Spring|spring]] is [[Directly Proportional|directly proportional]] to the [[force]] applied to the [[Coil Spring|spring]].
: '''Valid''' Method - Attach different known [[weight]]s to the [[Coil Spring|spring]] and [[measure]] the [[extension]] of the [[Coil Spring|spring]].
====Invalid Experiment====
: [[Hypothesis]] - The [[extension]] of a [[Coil Spring|spring]] is [[Directly Proportional|directly proportional]] to the [[force]] applied to the [[Coil Spring|spring]].
: '''Invalid ''' Method 1 - Attach different known [[weight]]s to an elastic band and [[measure]] the [[extension]] of the elastic band. : '''Invalid''' Method 2 - Attach different known [[weight]]s to the [[Coil Spring|spring]] and [[measure]] the [[width]] of the [[Coil Spring|spring]]. : '''Invalid''' Method 3- Pull the [[Coil Spring|spring]] with the hands and [[measure]] the [[extension]] of the [[Coil Spring|spring]]. : '''Invalid''' Method 4 - Attach different known [[weight]]s each to a different [[Coil Spring|spring]] and [[measure]] the [[extension]] of each [[Coil Spring|spring]]. ===References=======AQA==== :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945563/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945563&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=9a1d023a374038e6072f33c4f3cf808b ''Valid results, page 4, GCSE Biology; The Revision Guide, CGP, AQA '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945954/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945954&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=100574c08fbbb64318256eb79ed61a76 ''Valid results, page 9, GCSE Biology, CGP, AQA '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782946381/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782946381&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=5ec5fc3f6429e30c1d9ab9bca2bccf93 ''Valid results, page 9, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy; Biology, CGP, AQA '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0008158754/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0008158754&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=27ad53b0283feeff7fc5ae04a9e205f582 ''Valid, page 180, GCSE Biology; Student Book, Collins, AQA '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851370/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851370&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=01c69b0ae058f809cf636033e6ba793e ''Validity of investigations, page 127, GCSE Physics, Hodder, AQA '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851346/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851346&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=3ac654f4b0da781c49c855a1af4c92ea ''Validity of results, page 274, GCSE Chemistry, Hodder, AQA '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851362/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851362&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=7d78d70a2044ee9982dae010c94af92a ''Validity of results, pages 204, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy 2, Hodder, AQA '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945598/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945598&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=ad276ad49df77ab4b40ab4fd0fe10392 ''Validity, page 4, GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, AQA '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/178294558X/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=178294558X&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=f0dfb66dafcb0c6e9449e7b1a4ae1ac477 ''Validity, page 4, GCSE Physics; The Revision Guide, CGP, AQA '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945571/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945571&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=9e29fad914244909903e5e93f8a01d266 ''Validity, page 5, GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, AQA '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782946403/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782946403&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=32a0abb60dff015b15b50e9b1d7b4644 ''Validity, page 8, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy; Physics, CGP, AQA '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945962/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945962&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=476bb5c8d1dfb5c08ac81b6d4d1c98d8 ''Validity, page 9, GCSE Chemistry, CGP, AQA '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/178294639X/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=178294639X&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=51599bb45a2bfaf7c1b6a978b2ca2616 ''Validity, page 9, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy; Chemistry, CGP, AQA '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945970/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945970&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=a120d24dcc7cc7a58192069a3aafc1d2 ''Validity, page 9, GCSE Physics; The Complete 9-1 Course for AQA, CGP, AQA '']
: Invalid Method 3[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945741/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945741&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc- Pull the 21&linkId=30da4f2178da182547b62a7329d13b57 ''Validity, page 4, GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel '']:[[Coil Spring|spring]https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782946748/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782946748&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=a4f0348fc37d0ba1bb52d27f8679581f ''Validity, page 5, GCSE Biology; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel ''] with the hands and :[[measure]https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945725/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945725&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=694be7494de75af3349537d34e13f7f0 ''Validity, page 5, GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel ''] the :[[extensionhttps://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782948147/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782948147&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=f63dcd8345f4e49c717b39a228a36c7c ''Validity, page 9, GCSE Chemistry, CGP, Edexcel '']] of the :[[Coil Spring|springhttps://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782948163/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782948163&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=0fdbfd5dd397d6e24a9dfb250f08587f ''Validity, page 9, GCSE Physics, CGP, Edexcel '']].
====OCR====: Invalid Method [https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945695/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945695&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=ceafcc80bcad6b6754ee97a0c7ceea53 ''Validity, page 4 - Attach different known [[weight, Gateway GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, OCR '']]s each to a different :[[Coil Spring|springhttps://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945660/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945660&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=83aa4500ad7759e7f401a1c5ba5df758 ''Validity, page 5, Gateway GCSE Biology; The Revision Guide, CGP, OCR '']] and :[[measure]https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945679/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945679&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=a2db42f7b4bdf10cafaafa3bb9120940 ''Validity, page 5, Gateway GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, OCR ''] the [[extension]] of each [[Coil Spring|spring]].