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: In the late 19th century [[chromosome]]s were first observed in [[Cell (Biology)|cells]] that were undergoing [[Cell Division|cell division]].
: By the early 20th century [[scientist]]s had noticed that [[Gregor Mendel|Mendel]]'s prediction that there were units of [[heredity|inheritance]] matched the behaviour of [[chromosome]]s during [[Cell Division|cell division]].
: Scientists did not know what [[gene]]s were made of until [[Rosalind Franklin ]] and Maurice Wilkins investigated the structure of [[DNA]] using 'X-ray Diffraction' and then Francis Crick and James Watson built 3d models which showed the [[Double Helix|double helix]] shape of [[DNA]].
: This gave rise to the development of 'Gene Theory' which suggested [[gene]]s were made of [[DNA]] and that they [[Coding DNA|coded]] for the [[Protein Synthesis|synthesis]] of specific [[protein]]s.