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The following [[Chemical Reaction|reaction]]s occur to [[product|produce]] identifiable [[precipitate]]s:
====Iron(II) Ions====
<chemmath>FeCl2FeCl_2(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) -> → 2NaCl(aq) + Fe(OH)2_2(s)</chemmath>
: A light green [[precipitate]] is formed.
====Iron(III) Ions====
<chemmath>FeCl3FeCl_3(aq) + 3NaOH(aq) -> → 3NaCl(aq) + Fe(OH)3_3(s)</chemmath>
: A red-brown [[precipitate]] is formed.
====Copper(II) Ions====
<chemmath>CuCl2CuCl_2(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) -> → 2NaCl(aq) + Cu(OH)2_2(s)</chemmath>
: A light blue [[precipitate]] is formed.
====Magnesium, Calcium and Aluminium Ions====
<chemmath>MgCl2MgCl_2(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) -> → 2NaCl(aq) + Mg(OH)2_2(s)</chemmath>
<chemmath>CaCl2CaCl_2(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) -> → 2NaCl(aq) + Ca(OH)2_2(s)</chemmath>
: Both [[product|produce]] a white [[precipitate]] but can then be identified with a [[Flame Test]].
<chemmath>AlCl3AlCl_3(aq) + 3NaOH(aq) -> → 3NaCl(aq) + Al(OH)3_3(s)</chemmath>
: A white [[precipitate]] is formed but can be distinguished form [[Magnesium]] and [[Calcium]] by adding excess [[Sodium Hydroxide]] which causes the [[precipitate]] to [[dissolve]].