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*The shielding effect of inner [[electron]]s.
*Distance between the [[Atomic Nucleus|nucleus]] and the [[Outer Shell|outer shell]].
====Reactivity in Groups 1, 2 and 3====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|[[File:Group1ElectronShells.png|center|100px]]
|[[File:Group1ElectronShielding.png|center|100px]]
| style="height:20px; width:400px; text-align:left;" |In a [[Chemical Reaction|chemical reaction]] the [[electron]] in the [[Outer Shell|outer shell]] is lost.
The [[reactivity]] increases as you go down the group because:
*The outer [[electron]] is further away from the [[Atomic Nucleus|nucleus]] with each additional [[Electron Orbital|electron shell]] making the [[force]] of [[attract]]ion weaker. This makes it easier for an [[atom]] to lose it's outer [[electron]].
*Even though the [[charge]] of the [[Atomic Nucleus|nucleus]] increases the outer [[electron]] is shielded from most of the [[Positive Charge|positive charge]] of the [[Atomic Nucleus|nucleus]] by [[electron]]s in the [[Inner Shell|inner shells]].
|}
====Reactivity in Group 7====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|[[File:Group7ElectronShells.png|center|100px]]
|[[File:Group7ElectronShielding.png|center|100px]]
| style="height:20px; width:400px; text-align:left;" |In a [[Chemical Reaction|chemical reaction]] an extra [[electron]] is added to the [[Outer Shell|outer shell]].
The [[reactivity]] decreases as you go down the group because:
*The outer [[electron]]s are further away from the [[Atomic Nucleus|nucleus]] with each additional [[Electron Orbital|electron shell]] making the [[force]] of [[attract]]ion weaker. This makes it less able to gain an extra [[electron]].
*Even though the [[charge]] of the [[Atomic Nucleus|nucleus]] increases the outer [[electron]]s are shielded from most of the [[Positive Charge|positive charge]] of the [[Atomic Nucleus|nucleus]] by [[electron]]s in the [[Inner Shell|inner shells]].
|}
====Reactivity along Period 2====