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Three important factors affect [[reactivity]] of [[element]]s.
*The [[Electrical Charge|charge]] of the [[Atomic Nucleus|nucleus]]
*The shielding effect of inner [[electron]]s.
*Distance between the [[Atomic Nucleus|nucleus]] and the [[Outer Shell|outer shell]].
The [[reactivity]] increases as you go down the group because:
*The outer [[electron]] is further away from the [[Atomic Nucleus|nucleus]] with each additional [[Electron Orbital|electron shell]] making the [[force]] of [[attract]]ion weaker. This makes it easier for an [[atom]] to lose it's outer [[electron]].
*Even though the [[Electrical Charge|charge]] of the [[Atomic Nucleus|nucleus]] increases the outer [[electron]] is shielded from most of the [[Positive Charge|positive charge]] of the [[Atomic Nucleus|nucleus]] by [[electron]]s in the [[Inner Shell|inner shells]].
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The [[reactivity]] decreases as you go down the group because:
*The outer [[electron]]s are further away from the [[Atomic Nucleus|nucleus]] with each additional [[Electron Orbital|electron shell]] making the [[force]] of [[attract]]ion weaker. This makes it less able to gain an extra [[electron]].
*Even though the [[Electrical Charge|charge]] of the [[Atomic Nucleus|nucleus]] increases the outer [[electron]]s are shielded from most of the [[Positive Charge|positive charge]] of the [[Atomic Nucleus|nucleus]] by [[electron]]s in the [[Inner Shell|inner shells]].
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The [[reactivity]] decreases as you go across the [[Period (Chemistry)|period]] because:
*The outer [[electron]]s are all roughly the same distance away from the [[Atomic Nucleus|nucleus]].
*The [[Electrical Charge|charge]] on the [[Atomic Nucleus|atomic nucleus]] increases as you move go across the [[period]] but the [[electron]] shielding caused by the two inner [[electron]]s remains the same. This causes the [[electron]]s to experience a greater [[force]] of [[attraction]] as you move along the [[period]], making it harder for the [[atom]]s to lose [[electron]]s and become [[ion]]s.
[[Nitrogen]], [[Oxygen]] and [[Fluorine]] can all gain [[electron]]s to become [[Negative Charge|negative]] [[ion]]s in certain [[Chemical Reaction|reaction]]s.
The [[reactivity]] increases as you go across the [[Period (Chemistry)|period]] because:
*The outer [[electron]]s are all roughly the same distance away from the [[Atomic Nucleus|nucleus]].
*The [[Electrical Charge|charge]] on the [[Atomic Nucleus|atomic nucleus]] increases as you move go across the [[period]] but the [[electron]] shielding caused by the two inner [[electron]]s remains the same. This causes the [[electron]]s to experience a greater [[force]] of [[attraction]] as you move along the [[period]], making it easier for an [[atom]]s to gain more [[electron]]s to become [[ion]]s.
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