20,345
edits
Changes
Created page with "==Key Stage 4== ===Meaning=== '''X-rays''' are the third highest frequency and third shortest wavelength electromagnetic waves. ===About Ultr..."
==Key Stage 4==
===Meaning===
'''X-rays''' are the third highest [[frequency]] and third shortest [[wavelength]] [[Electromagnetic Wave|electromagnetic waves]].
===About Ultra-violet===
: [[X-ray]]s are [[Transverse Wave|transverse waves]].
: [[X-ray]]s can travel through a [[vacuum]] as well as through [[gas]]es in the [[Earth's Atmosphere|Earth's atmosphere]].
: The [[speed]] of [[x-ray]]s through a [[vacuum]] is 300,000,000[[m/s]].
As a [[wave]] [[x-ray]]s can be:
*[[Transmit|Transmitted]] - [[X-ray]]s can pass through a [[medium]].
*[[Absorb (physics)|Absorbed]] - The [[energy]] [[Energy Transfer|transferred]] by [[x-ray]]s can be taken in by certain [[material]]s.
*[[Reflection|Reflected]] - [[X-ray]]s can bounce off an [[interface]] between two [[medium|media]], particularly the surface of a shiny [[metal]].
*[[Refraction|Refracted]] - [[X-ray]]s can change direction when they cross the [[interface]] between two [[medium|media]].
====Unique Properties====
: [[X-ray]]s can cause [[electron]]s in many [[material]]s to gain enough [[energy]] to leave [[atom]]s creating [[ion]]s which can destroy [[Chemical Bond|chemical bonds]].
: [[X-ray]]s can penetrate soft tissue such as the [[skin]].
: [[X-ray]]s are [[refract]]ed by [[bone]]s.
: [[X-ray]]s cannot pass through heavy [[metal]]s ([[metal]]s with a high [[Atomic Mass|atomic mass]]).
====Applications====
: [[X-ray]]s can be used to create medical images of [[bone]]s because they can penetrate soft tissue such as the [[skin]] and are [[refract]]ed by [[bone]]s.
: [[X-ray]]s can be used to create medical images of the [[intestine]]s when a [[human]] [[ingest]]s [[Barium Sulphate]] because [[X-ray]]s cannot pass through heavy [[metal]]s ([[metal]]s with a high [[Atomic Mass|atomic mass]]).
====Dangers====
: [[X-ray]]s can cause cancer because [[x-ray]]s can [[penetrate]] soft [[tissue]] and can ionise and damage [[DNA]] [[molecule]]s in the body [[Cell (Biology)|cells]] leading to a [[mutation]].
===Meaning===
'''X-rays''' are the third highest [[frequency]] and third shortest [[wavelength]] [[Electromagnetic Wave|electromagnetic waves]].
===About Ultra-violet===
: [[X-ray]]s are [[Transverse Wave|transverse waves]].
: [[X-ray]]s can travel through a [[vacuum]] as well as through [[gas]]es in the [[Earth's Atmosphere|Earth's atmosphere]].
: The [[speed]] of [[x-ray]]s through a [[vacuum]] is 300,000,000[[m/s]].
As a [[wave]] [[x-ray]]s can be:
*[[Transmit|Transmitted]] - [[X-ray]]s can pass through a [[medium]].
*[[Absorb (physics)|Absorbed]] - The [[energy]] [[Energy Transfer|transferred]] by [[x-ray]]s can be taken in by certain [[material]]s.
*[[Reflection|Reflected]] - [[X-ray]]s can bounce off an [[interface]] between two [[medium|media]], particularly the surface of a shiny [[metal]].
*[[Refraction|Refracted]] - [[X-ray]]s can change direction when they cross the [[interface]] between two [[medium|media]].
====Unique Properties====
: [[X-ray]]s can cause [[electron]]s in many [[material]]s to gain enough [[energy]] to leave [[atom]]s creating [[ion]]s which can destroy [[Chemical Bond|chemical bonds]].
: [[X-ray]]s can penetrate soft tissue such as the [[skin]].
: [[X-ray]]s are [[refract]]ed by [[bone]]s.
: [[X-ray]]s cannot pass through heavy [[metal]]s ([[metal]]s with a high [[Atomic Mass|atomic mass]]).
====Applications====
: [[X-ray]]s can be used to create medical images of [[bone]]s because they can penetrate soft tissue such as the [[skin]] and are [[refract]]ed by [[bone]]s.
: [[X-ray]]s can be used to create medical images of the [[intestine]]s when a [[human]] [[ingest]]s [[Barium Sulphate]] because [[X-ray]]s cannot pass through heavy [[metal]]s ([[metal]]s with a high [[Atomic Mass|atomic mass]]).
====Dangers====
: [[X-ray]]s can cause cancer because [[x-ray]]s can [[penetrate]] soft [[tissue]] and can ionise and damage [[DNA]] [[molecule]]s in the body [[Cell (Biology)|cells]] leading to a [[mutation]].