Difference between revisions of "Cloning"

Latest revision as of 12:09, 3 November 2019

Key Stage 4

Meaning

Cloning is when a genetically identical copy of an organism is made.

About Cloning

Cloning is useful for making copies of an organism that has desirable characteristics.

Cloning causes a reduction in the biodiversity of a population.

Cloning plants has been done for thousands of years and is easy to perform. A single plant can be cut into separate pieces known as 'clippings', which can then be planted. This new plant is now a clone of the first.

Cloning animals is much more difficult. Natural clones already exist - identical twins. However, cloning an adult animal is requires several steps:

Remove the nucleus from a cell in the animal to be cloned.
Take the ovum of another animal, of the same species, and remove then discard the nucleus of that ovum.
Insert the nucleus of the original animal into the ovum and apply a small electrical current.
Implant the ovum into the uterus of another animal.

The new organism that is born will be a clone of the original.

References

AQA

Clone, cloning, pages 163, 222, 308-9, 362, GCSE Biology; Student Book, Collins, AQA

Cloning, page 100, GCSE Biology; The Revision Guide, CGP, AQA

Cloning, pages 23, 201, 203-6, GCSE Biology, Hodder, AQA

Cloning, pages 29,31, 33, 179, 196, 226-229, GCSE Biology; Third Edition, Oxford University Press, AQA

Cloning, pages 297-299, GCSE Biology, CGP, AQA

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-To create a copy of another [[alive|living]] thing.
+==Key Stage 4==
+===Meaning===
+[[Cloning]] is when a genetically identical copy of an [[organism]] is made.
+===About Cloning===
+: '''Cloning''' is useful for making copies of an [[organism]] that has desirable characteristics.
+: '''Cloning''' causes a reduction in the [[biodiversity]] of a [[population]].
+: '''Cloning''' [[plant]]s has been done for thousands of years and is easy to perform. A single [[plant]] can be cut into separate pieces known as 'clippings', which can then be planted. This new [[plant]] is now a '''clone''' of the first.
+: '''Cloning''' [[animal]]s is much more difficult. Natural clones already exist - identical twins. However, '''cloning''' an adult animal is requires several steps:
+#Remove the [[Cell Nucleus|nucleus]] from a [[Cell (Biology)|cell]] in the [[animal]] to be '''cloned'''.
+#Take the [[ovum]] of another [[animal]], of the same [[species]], and remove then discard the [[Cell Nucleus|nucleus]] of that [[ovum]].
+#Insert the [[Cell Nucleus|nucleus]] of the original [[animal]] into the [[ovum]] and apply a small [[Electrical Current|electrical current]].
+#Implant the [[ovum]] into the [[uterus]] of another [[animal]].
+The new [[organism]] that is born will be a '''clone''' of the original.
+===References===
+====AQA====
+:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0008158754/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0008158754&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=27ad53b0283feeff7fc5ae04a9e205f167 ''Clone, cloning, pages 163, 222, 308-9, 362, GCSE Biology; Student Book, Collins, AQA '']
+:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945563/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945563&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=9a1d023a374038e6072f33c4f3cf808b ''Cloning, page 100, GCSE Biology; The Revision Guide, CGP, AQA '']
+:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851338/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851338&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=425855d5890466e47189e1c21b67a1ea ''Cloning, pages 23, 201, 203-6, GCSE Biology, Hodder, AQA '']
+:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359373/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359373&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=952a73bbb09d222ecc4b50d200679849 ''Cloning, pages 29,31, 33, 179, 196, 226-229, GCSE Biology; Third Edition, Oxford University Press, AQA '']
+:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945954/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945954&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=100574c08fbbb64318256eb79ed61a76 ''Cloning, pages 297-299, GCSE Biology, CGP, AQA '']