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→About Osmoregulation in Humans
===About Osmoregulation in Humans===
: [[Osmoregulation]] is a type of [[homeostasis]].
: [[Osmoregulation]] in [[human]]s is controlled by the [[kidney]]s.
: There are several ways [[human]]s can lose [[water]] so the [[kidney]]s must perform [[osmoregulation]] to ensure that too much [[water]] is not lost. The body loses [[water]] every time we [[exhale]] as some [[water vapour]] is lost from the [[lung]]s. The body also loses [[water]] when we [[sweat]].
: [[Water]] is removed from the [[blood]] and passed into [[Kidney Tubule|tubules]] in the [[kidney]]s. The [[water]] is then selectively reabsorbed into the [[blood]] depending on how much [[water]] is needed.
: [[Osmoregulation]] in the [[kidney]]s is affected by [[Anti-diuretic Hormone|anti-diuretic hormone]].
: When there is not enough [[water]] in the [[blood]] the [[Pituitary Gland|pituitary gland]] [[secrete]]s [[Anti-diuretic Hormone|anti-diuretic hormone]] which causes the [[Kidney Tubule|tubules]] to allow [[water]] back into the [[blood]].: When there is too much [[water]] in the [[blood]] the [[Pituitary Gland|pituitary gland]] stops [[secrete|secreting]] [[Anti-diuretic Hormone|anti-diuretic hormone]] which causes the [[Kidney Tubule|tubules]] to stop allowing [[water]] back into the [[blood]].: If [[osmoregulation]] fails and the body gains too much [[water]] (overhydration) the [[concentration]] of [[nutrient]]s, particularly [[Sodium Chloride]], will become too low preventing [[Impulse (Biology)|impulses]] in the [[neuron]]s while some [[Cell (Biology)|cells]] will swell causing the [[brain]] to get larger increasing the [[pressure]] inside the skull and damaging the [[brain]].: If [[osmoregulation]] fails and the body loses too much [[water]] ([[dehydration]]) the [[concentration]] of [[nutrient]]s and waste products becomes too high which can cause the [[Metabolic Process|metabolic processes]] in [[Cell (Biology)|cells]] to slow or stop; killing the [[organism]]. ===References=======Edexcel==== :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120207/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120207&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=22455ff53961978667722edaa64c0be5 ''Osmoregulation, pages 156-157, GCSE Biology, Pearson, Edexcel '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782948120/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782948120&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=dedef775c6a43dbb0a609441525adac0 ''Osmoregulation, pages 246-251, GCSE Biology, CGP, Edexcel '']:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782946748/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782946748&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=a4f0348fc37d0ba1bb52d27f8679581f ''Osmoregulation, pages 84, 85, GCSE Biology; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel '']