Difference between revisions of "Absolute Zero"
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: At '''absolute zero''' the [[pressure]] in a [[gas]] becomes zero. | : At '''absolute zero''' the [[pressure]] in a [[gas]] becomes zero. | ||
: At '''absolute zero''' all the [[particle]]s in [[material]] stop moving, they have no [[Kinetic Energy Store|kinetic energy]]. | : At '''absolute zero''' all the [[particle]]s in [[material]] stop moving, they have no [[Kinetic Energy Store|kinetic energy]]. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===References=== | ||
+ | ====Edexcel==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120223/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120223&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=068ecf40278c32406a7f1c6e66751417 ''Absolute zero, page 193, GCSE Physics, Pearson Edexcel ''] | ||
+ | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945741/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945741&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=30da4f2178da182547b62a7329d13b57 ''Absolute zero, page 204, GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel ''] | ||
+ | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782948163/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782948163&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=0fdbfd5dd397d6e24a9dfb250f08587f ''Absolute zero, page 301, GCSE Physics, CGP, Edexcel ''] | ||
+ | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120193/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120193&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=572df39392fb4200db8391d98ae6314e ''Absolute zero, page 425, GCSE Combined Science, Pearson Edexcel ''] | ||
+ | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945733/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945733&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=2a2dbec9db6bf5766c0458d908fa0a52 ''Absolute zero, page 97, GCSE Physics; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel ''] | ||
+ | |||
+ | ====OCR==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359837/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359837&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=3c4229e8b023b2b60768e7ea2307cc6f ''Absolute zero, page 35, Gateway GCSE Physics, Oxford, OCR ''] | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==Key Stage 5== | ||
+ | ===Meaning=== | ||
+ | [[Absolute Zero]] is the theoretical [[temperature]] at which a [[system]] reaches its minimum possible [[energy]], corresponding to 0 [[Kelvin|K]]. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===About Absolute Zero=== | ||
+ | |||
+ | *At [[Absolute Zero|absolute zero]], [[Molecule|molecular]] motion ceases. | ||
+ | *It is the baseline for the [[Kelvin]] [[temperature]] scale. | ||
+ | *[[Absolute Zero]] is equivalent to -273.15°C. | ||
+ | *[[Absolute Zero]] represents the lower limit of the thermodynamic temperature scale. | ||
+ | *Achieving [[Absolute Zero|absolute zero]] is impossible; it can only be approached asymptotically. | ||
+ | *At [[Absolute Zero|absolute zero]], the entropy of a perfect crystal is exactly zero, per the third law of thermodynamics. | ||
+ | *Near [[Absolute Zero|absolute zero]], quantum mechanical effects such as Bose-Einstein condensation can be observed. | ||
+ | *Laboratories use techniques such as laser cooling and evaporative cooling to reach temperatures close to [[Absolute Zero|absolute zero]]. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===Examples=== | ||
+ | |||
+ | *The coldest recorded [[temperature]] in a laboratory setting is a fraction of a [[kelvin]] above [[Absolute Zero|absolute zero]]. | ||
+ | *Space probes use devices cooled to near [[Absolute Zero|absolute zero]] to detect faint [[infrared]] signals. | ||
+ | |||
==Beyond the Curriculum== | ==Beyond the Curriculum== | ||
{{#ev:youtube|https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W6aL9YyRx1A}} | {{#ev:youtube|https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W6aL9YyRx1A}} |
Latest revision as of 10:12, 19 May 2024
Contents
Key Stage 3
Meaning
Absolute zero is the coldest possible temperature in the Universe.
About Absolute Zero
- Absolute zero is -273°C.
Key Stage 4
Meaning
Absolute zero is zero on the Kelvin scale and the coldest possible temperature in the Universe.
About Absolute Zero
- Absolute zero is -273°C.
- As a gas decreases in temperature it decreases in volume. Absolute zero is the temperature at which the volume of the gas would become zero.
- At absolute zero the pressure in a gas becomes zero.
- At absolute zero all the particles in material stop moving, they have no kinetic energy.
References
Edexcel
- Absolute zero, page 193, GCSE Physics, Pearson Edexcel
- Absolute zero, page 204, GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel
- Absolute zero, page 301, GCSE Physics, CGP, Edexcel
- Absolute zero, page 425, GCSE Combined Science, Pearson Edexcel
- Absolute zero, page 97, GCSE Physics; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel
OCR
Key Stage 5
Meaning
Absolute Zero is the theoretical temperature at which a system reaches its minimum possible energy, corresponding to 0 K.
About Absolute Zero
- At absolute zero, molecular motion ceases.
- It is the baseline for the Kelvin temperature scale.
- Absolute Zero is equivalent to -273.15°C.
- Absolute Zero represents the lower limit of the thermodynamic temperature scale.
- Achieving absolute zero is impossible; it can only be approached asymptotically.
- At absolute zero, the entropy of a perfect crystal is exactly zero, per the third law of thermodynamics.
- Near absolute zero, quantum mechanical effects such as Bose-Einstein condensation can be observed.
- Laboratories use techniques such as laser cooling and evaporative cooling to reach temperatures close to absolute zero.
Examples
- The coldest recorded temperature in a laboratory setting is a fraction of a kelvin above absolute zero.
- Space probes use devices cooled to near absolute zero to detect faint infrared signals.