Difference between revisions of "Absolute Zero"
(→Key Stage 5) |
|||
| (3 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 31: | Line 31: | ||
==Key Stage 5== | ==Key Stage 5== | ||
===Meaning=== | ===Meaning=== | ||
| − | [[Absolute | + | [[Absolute Zero]] is the theoretical [[temperature]] at which a [[system]] reaches its minimum possible [[energy]], corresponding to 0 [[Kelvin|K]]. |
===About Absolute Zero=== | ===About Absolute Zero=== | ||
| − | At [[Absolute Zero|absolute zero]], [[Molecule|molecular]] motion ceases. | + | *At [[Absolute Zero|absolute zero]], [[Molecule|molecular]] motion ceases. |
| − | It is the baseline for the [[Kelvin]] [[temperature]] scale. | + | *It is the baseline for the [[Kelvin]] [[temperature]] scale. |
| − | [[Absolute | + | *[[Absolute Zero]] is equivalent to -273.15°C. |
| + | *[[Absolute Zero]] represents the lower limit of the thermodynamic temperature scale. | ||
| + | *Achieving [[Absolute Zero|absolute zero]] is impossible; it can only be approached asymptotically. | ||
| + | *At [[Absolute Zero|absolute zero]], the entropy of a perfect crystal is exactly zero, per the third law of thermodynamics. | ||
| + | *Near [[Absolute Zero|absolute zero]], quantum mechanical effects such as Bose-Einstein condensation can be observed. | ||
| + | *Laboratories use techniques such as laser cooling and evaporative cooling to reach temperatures close to [[Absolute Zero|absolute zero]]. | ||
| + | |||
===Examples=== | ===Examples=== | ||
| − | The coldest recorded [[temperature]] in a laboratory setting is a fraction of a [[kelvin]] above [[Absolute Zero|absolute zero]]. | + | *The coldest recorded [[temperature]] in a laboratory setting is a fraction of a [[kelvin]] above [[Absolute Zero|absolute zero]]. |
| − | Space probes use devices cooled to near [[Absolute Zero|absolute zero]] to detect faint [[infrared]] signals. | + | *Space probes use devices cooled to near [[Absolute Zero|absolute zero]] to detect faint [[infrared]] signals. |
==Beyond the Curriculum== | ==Beyond the Curriculum== | ||
{{#ev:youtube|https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W6aL9YyRx1A}} | {{#ev:youtube|https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W6aL9YyRx1A}} | ||
Latest revision as of 10:12, 19 May 2024
Contents
Key Stage 3
Meaning
Absolute zero is the coldest possible temperature in the Universe.
About Absolute Zero
- Absolute zero is -273°C.
Key Stage 4
Meaning
Absolute zero is zero on the Kelvin scale and the coldest possible temperature in the Universe.
About Absolute Zero
- Absolute zero is -273°C.
- As a gas decreases in temperature it decreases in volume. Absolute zero is the temperature at which the volume of the gas would become zero.
- At absolute zero the pressure in a gas becomes zero.
- At absolute zero all the particles in material stop moving, they have no kinetic energy.
References
Edexcel
- Absolute zero, page 193, GCSE Physics, Pearson Edexcel
- Absolute zero, page 204, GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel
- Absolute zero, page 301, GCSE Physics, CGP, Edexcel
- Absolute zero, page 425, GCSE Combined Science, Pearson Edexcel
- Absolute zero, page 97, GCSE Physics; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel
OCR
Key Stage 5
Meaning
Absolute Zero is the theoretical temperature at which a system reaches its minimum possible energy, corresponding to 0 K.
About Absolute Zero
- At absolute zero, molecular motion ceases.
- It is the baseline for the Kelvin temperature scale.
- Absolute Zero is equivalent to -273.15°C.
- Absolute Zero represents the lower limit of the thermodynamic temperature scale.
- Achieving absolute zero is impossible; it can only be approached asymptotically.
- At absolute zero, the entropy of a perfect crystal is exactly zero, per the third law of thermodynamics.
- Near absolute zero, quantum mechanical effects such as Bose-Einstein condensation can be observed.
- Laboratories use techniques such as laser cooling and evaporative cooling to reach temperatures close to absolute zero.
Examples
- The coldest recorded temperature in a laboratory setting is a fraction of a kelvin above absolute zero.
- Space probes use devices cooled to near absolute zero to detect faint infrared signals.