Difference between revisions of "Osmoregulation"
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: [[Water]] is removed from the [[blood]] and passed into [[Kidney Tubule|tubules]] in the [[kidney]]s. The [[water]] is then selectively reabsorbed into the [[blood]] depending on how much [[water]] is needed. | : [[Water]] is removed from the [[blood]] and passed into [[Kidney Tubule|tubules]] in the [[kidney]]s. The [[water]] is then selectively reabsorbed into the [[blood]] depending on how much [[water]] is needed. | ||
: [[Osmoregulation]] in the [[kidney]]s is affected by [[Anti-diuretic Hormone|anti-diuretic hormone]]. | : [[Osmoregulation]] in the [[kidney]]s is affected by [[Anti-diuretic Hormone|anti-diuretic hormone]]. | ||
| − | : When there is not enough [[water]] in the [[blood]] the [[Pituitary Gland|pituitary gland]] [[secrete]]s [[Anti-diuretic Hormone|anti-diuretic hormone]] which causes the [[Kidney Tubule|tubules]] allow [[water]] back into the [[blood]]. | + | : When there is not enough [[water]] in the [[blood]] the [[Pituitary Gland|pituitary gland]] [[secrete]]s [[Anti-diuretic Hormone|anti-diuretic hormone]] which causes the [[Kidney Tubule|tubules]] to allow [[water]] back into the [[blood]]. |
: When there is too much [[water]] in the [[blood]] the [[Pituitary Gland|pituitary gland]] stops [[secrete|secreting]] [[Anti-diuretic Hormone|anti-diuretic hormone]] which causes the [[Kidney Tubule|tubules]] stop allowing [[water]] back into the [[blood]]. | : When there is too much [[water]] in the [[blood]] the [[Pituitary Gland|pituitary gland]] stops [[secrete|secreting]] [[Anti-diuretic Hormone|anti-diuretic hormone]] which causes the [[Kidney Tubule|tubules]] stop allowing [[water]] back into the [[blood]]. | ||
: If [[osmoregulation]] fails and the body gains too much [[water]] (overhydration)the [[concentration]] of [[nutrient]]s, particularly [[Sodium Chloride]], will become too low preventing [[Impulse (Biology)|impulses]] in the [[neuron]]s while some [[Cell (Biology)|cells]] will swell causing the [[brain]] to get larger increasing the [[pressure]] inside the skull and damaging the [[brain]]. | : If [[osmoregulation]] fails and the body gains too much [[water]] (overhydration)the [[concentration]] of [[nutrient]]s, particularly [[Sodium Chloride]], will become too low preventing [[Impulse (Biology)|impulses]] in the [[neuron]]s while some [[Cell (Biology)|cells]] will swell causing the [[brain]] to get larger increasing the [[pressure]] inside the skull and damaging the [[brain]]. | ||
Revision as of 19:38, 9 February 2020
Key Stage 4
Meaning
Osmoregulation is the process of keeping the concentration of water and salts constant in an organism.
About Osmoregulation in Humans
- Osmoregulation is a type of homeostasis.
- Osmoregulation in humans is controlled by the kidneys.
- There are several ways humans can lose water so the kidneys must perform osmoregulation to ensure that too much water is not lost. The body loses water every time we exhale as some water vapour is lost from the lungs. The body also loses water when we sweat.
- Water is removed from the blood and passed into tubules in the kidneys. The water is then selectively reabsorbed into the blood depending on how much water is needed.
- Osmoregulation in the kidneys is affected by anti-diuretic hormone.
- When there is not enough water in the blood the pituitary gland secretes anti-diuretic hormone which causes the tubules to allow water back into the blood.
- When there is too much water in the blood the pituitary gland stops secreting anti-diuretic hormone which causes the tubules stop allowing water back into the blood.
- If osmoregulation fails and the body gains too much water (overhydration)the concentration of nutrients, particularly Sodium Chloride, will become too low preventing impulses in the neurons while some cells will swell causing the brain to get larger increasing the pressure inside the skull and damaging the brain.
- If osmoregulation fails and the body loses too much water (dehydration) the concentration of nutrients and waste products becomes too high which can cause the metabolic processes in cells to slow or stop killing the organism.