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Created page with "==Key Stage 4 Higher== ===Meaning=== '''Momentum''' is a vector quantity and the product of mass and velocity of an object. ===About Momen..."
==Key Stage 4 Higher==
===Meaning===
'''Momentum''' is a [[vector]] quantity and the [[Product (Maths)|product]] of [[mass]] and [[velocity]] of an [[object]].
===About Momentum===
: [[Momentum]] is a [[vector]] so it has [[magnitude]] and direction.
: The [[SI Unit]]s of [[momentum]] are [[Kilogram Metres per Second|kilogram metres per second]] (kgm/s).
: [[Momentum]] is conserved which means the total [[momentum]] before an interaction is the same as the total [[momentum]] after the interaction, see [[Conservation of Momentum]].
: [[Force]]s cause a change in [[momentum]]. The quicker the change in [[momentum]] the greater the [[force]] applied to an [[object]].
===Equation===
Momentum = Mass x Velocity
<math>p = mv</math>
Where
<math>p</math> = [[Momentum]] of the [[object]].
<math>m</math> = [[Inertial Mass]] of the [[object]].
<math>v</math> = [[Velocity]] of the [[object]].
===Example Calculations===
====Finding Momentum from Mass and Velocity====
{| class="wikitable"
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:center;" |A 21g bullet travels at a [[velocity]] of 600m/s. Calculate the [[momentum]] of the bullet correct to two [[Significant Figures|significant figures]].
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:center;" |A 7.6 tonne lorry travels at a [[velocity]] of 30m/s. Calculate the [[momentum]] of the bullet correct to two [[Significant Figures|significant figures]].
|-
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |'''1. State the known quantities'''
m = 21g = 0.021kg
v = 610m/s
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |'''1. State the known quantities'''
m = 7.6 tonnes = 7600kg
v = 32m/s
|-
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |'''2. [[Substitute (Maths)|Substitute]] the numbers into the [[equation]] and [[Solve (Maths)|solve]].'''
<math>p = mv</math>
<math>p = 0.021 \times 610</math>
<math>p = 12.81kgm/s</math>
<math>p \approx 13kgm/s</math>
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |'''2. [[Substitute (Maths)|Substitute]] the numbers into the [[equation]] and [[Solve (Maths)|solve]].'''
<math>p = mv</math>
<math>p = 7600 \times 32</math>
<math>p = 243200kgm/s</math>
<math>p \approx 240000kgm/s</math>
|}
====Finding Velocity from Mass and Momentum====
{| class="wikitable"
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:center;" |Question
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:center;" |Question
|-
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |'''1. State the known quantities'''
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |'''1. State the known quantities'''
|-
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |'''2. [[Substitute (Maths)|Substitute]] the numbers and [[Evaluate (Maths)|evaluate]].'''
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |'''2. [[Substitute (Maths)|Substitute]] the numbers and [[Evaluate (Maths)|evaluate]].'''
|-
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |'''3. [[Rearrange (Maths)|Rearrange]] the equation and [[Solve (Maths)|solve]].'''
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |'''3. [[Rearrange (Maths)|Rearrange]] the equation and [[Solve (Maths)|solve]].'''
|}
====Finding Mass from Velocity and Momentum====
{| class="wikitable"
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:center;" |Question
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:center;" |Question
|-
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |'''1. State the known quantities'''
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |'''1. State the known quantities'''
|-
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |'''2. [[Substitute (Maths)|Substitute]] the numbers and [[Evaluate (Maths)|evaluate]].'''
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |'''2. [[Substitute (Maths)|Substitute]] the numbers and [[Evaluate (Maths)|evaluate]].'''
|-
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |'''3. [[Rearrange (Maths)|Rearrange]] the equation and [[Solve (Maths)|solve]].'''
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |'''3. [[Rearrange (Maths)|Rearrange]] the equation and [[Solve (Maths)|solve]].'''
|}
===Meaning===
'''Momentum''' is a [[vector]] quantity and the [[Product (Maths)|product]] of [[mass]] and [[velocity]] of an [[object]].
===About Momentum===
: [[Momentum]] is a [[vector]] so it has [[magnitude]] and direction.
: The [[SI Unit]]s of [[momentum]] are [[Kilogram Metres per Second|kilogram metres per second]] (kgm/s).
: [[Momentum]] is conserved which means the total [[momentum]] before an interaction is the same as the total [[momentum]] after the interaction, see [[Conservation of Momentum]].
: [[Force]]s cause a change in [[momentum]]. The quicker the change in [[momentum]] the greater the [[force]] applied to an [[object]].
===Equation===
Momentum = Mass x Velocity
<math>p = mv</math>
Where
<math>p</math> = [[Momentum]] of the [[object]].
<math>m</math> = [[Inertial Mass]] of the [[object]].
<math>v</math> = [[Velocity]] of the [[object]].
===Example Calculations===
====Finding Momentum from Mass and Velocity====
{| class="wikitable"
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:center;" |A 21g bullet travels at a [[velocity]] of 600m/s. Calculate the [[momentum]] of the bullet correct to two [[Significant Figures|significant figures]].
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:center;" |A 7.6 tonne lorry travels at a [[velocity]] of 30m/s. Calculate the [[momentum]] of the bullet correct to two [[Significant Figures|significant figures]].
|-
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |'''1. State the known quantities'''
m = 21g = 0.021kg
v = 610m/s
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |'''1. State the known quantities'''
m = 7.6 tonnes = 7600kg
v = 32m/s
|-
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |'''2. [[Substitute (Maths)|Substitute]] the numbers into the [[equation]] and [[Solve (Maths)|solve]].'''
<math>p = mv</math>
<math>p = 0.021 \times 610</math>
<math>p = 12.81kgm/s</math>
<math>p \approx 13kgm/s</math>
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |'''2. [[Substitute (Maths)|Substitute]] the numbers into the [[equation]] and [[Solve (Maths)|solve]].'''
<math>p = mv</math>
<math>p = 7600 \times 32</math>
<math>p = 243200kgm/s</math>
<math>p \approx 240000kgm/s</math>
|}
====Finding Velocity from Mass and Momentum====
{| class="wikitable"
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:center;" |Question
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:center;" |Question
|-
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |'''1. State the known quantities'''
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |'''1. State the known quantities'''
|-
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |'''2. [[Substitute (Maths)|Substitute]] the numbers and [[Evaluate (Maths)|evaluate]].'''
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |'''2. [[Substitute (Maths)|Substitute]] the numbers and [[Evaluate (Maths)|evaluate]].'''
|-
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |'''3. [[Rearrange (Maths)|Rearrange]] the equation and [[Solve (Maths)|solve]].'''
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |'''3. [[Rearrange (Maths)|Rearrange]] the equation and [[Solve (Maths)|solve]].'''
|}
====Finding Mass from Velocity and Momentum====
{| class="wikitable"
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:center;" |Question
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:center;" |Question
|-
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |'''1. State the known quantities'''
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |'''1. State the known quantities'''
|-
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |'''2. [[Substitute (Maths)|Substitute]] the numbers and [[Evaluate (Maths)|evaluate]].'''
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |'''2. [[Substitute (Maths)|Substitute]] the numbers and [[Evaluate (Maths)|evaluate]].'''
|-
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |'''3. [[Rearrange (Maths)|Rearrange]] the equation and [[Solve (Maths)|solve]].'''
| style="height:20px; width:300px; text-align:left;" |'''3. [[Rearrange (Maths)|Rearrange]] the equation and [[Solve (Maths)|solve]].'''
|}