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Acid

18,802 bytes added, 22:50, 26 February 2022
→‎About Acids
===Meaning===
An [[acid]] is a [[chemical]] [[dissolve]]d in [[water]] that has a [[pH]] less than [[Neutral (Chemistry)|7]].
 
: [[Noun]]: '''Acid'''
: [[Verb]]: '''To acidify'''
: [[Adjective]]: '''Acidic'''
===About Acids===
: When an [[acid]] is [[dissolve]]d in [[solution]] the [[Hydrogen]] [[atom]]s in the [[molecule]] become free to move around and these are what make it an [[acid]].
: [[Acid]]s can be [[concentrated]] or [[dilute]].
: [[Acid]]s can be [[weak]] or [[strong]] which depends on the type of [[acid]] and the [[concentration]].
: [[Acid]]s turn [[Litmus]] paper red.
: [[Acid]]s turn [[Universal Indicator]] pink, red, orange or yellow depending on the strength of the [[acid]].
Some common [[Acid]]s you should know:
*[[Hydrochloric Acid]] - Found in the stomach.
*[[Citric Acid]] - Found in [[Citrus]] fruits.
*[[Ethanoic Acid]] - The common name for vinegar.
*[[Sulphuric Acid]] - Found in [[Electrical Cell]]s.
 
===Examples===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|[[File:CarBattery.png|center|200px]]
|[[File:Citrus.png|center|200px]]
|[[File:Vinegar.png|center|200px]]
|-
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Car [[Battery|batteries]] contain [[Sulphuric Acid]] at around [[pH]] 0.
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Citrus [[fruit]]s have Citric Acid in them at around [[pH]] 2.
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Vinegar is made of [[Ethanoic Acid]] at around [[pH]] 2.5.
|-
|[[File:Cola.png|center|200px]]
|[[File:Coffee.png|center|200px]]
|[[File:Milk.png|center|200px]]
|-
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Fizzy drinks contain Carbonic Acid at around [[pH]] 3.
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Coffee is slightly [[Acid|acidic]] at [[pH]] 5.
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Milk has a small amount of [[Lactic Acid]] giving it [[pH]] 6.5.
|}
 
==Key Stage 4==
===Meaning===
An [[acid]] is a [[compound]] which is able to donate [[Hydrogen Ion (Chemistry)|H<sup>+</sup> ions]] when [[dissolve]]d in [[water]] to produce a [[solution]] with a [[pH]] less than [[Neutral (Chemistry)|7]].
 
===About Acids===
====Foundation====
: [[Acid]]s form from [[Ionic Compound|ionic compounds]] where there is an [[Ionic Bond|ionic bond]] between a [[Hydrogen Ion (Chemistry)|Hydrogen ion]] and another part of the [[molecule]].
: When an [[acid]]ic [[compound]] [[dissolve]]s in [[water]] the [[Hydrogen Ion (Chemistry)|Hydrogen ion]] becomes dissociated from the [[molecule]] and is free to move separately in the [[solution]].
: The [[Hydrogen Ion (Chemistry)|Hydrogen ion]]s in an [[acid]] will accept [[electron]]s from any [[metal]] which is higher on the [[Reactivity Series|reactivity series]] than [[Hydrogen]]. This is because those [[metal]]s can lose their [[electron]]s more easily than the [[Hydrogen]] [[atom]].
: The [[acidity]] of an [[acid]] is measured on the [[pH]] scale. The more [[Hydrogen Ion (Chemistry)|Hydrogen ions]] in a [[solution]] the lower the [[pH]].
There are several common [[Chemical Reaction|reactions]] of [[acid]]s you should know:
*[[Acid + Metal → Metal Salt + Hydrogen]]
*[[Acid + Metal Oxide → Metal Salt + Water]]
*[[Acid + Metal Hydroxide → Metal Salt + Water]]
*[[Acid + Metal Carbonate → Metal Salt + Carbon Dioxide + Water]]
 
====Higher====
: The [[concentration]] of an [[acid]] is determined by how many [[gram]]s of [[acid]] are [[dissolve]] per [[litre]] ([[Decimetres Cubed|decimetre cubed]]) of [[water]]. A [[dilute]] [[acid]] has very little [[compound]] [[dissolve]]d per [[litre]] while a [[concentration|concentrated]] [[acid]] has a large [[mass]] of [[compound]] [[dissolve]]d per [[litre]].
: When a [[compound]] does [[dissolve]] in [[water]] to produce an [[acid]] not all of the [[Hydrogen Ion (Chemistry)|Hydrogen ion]]s will dissociate from the [[compound]]. The strength of an [[acid]], or its [[acidity]], is determined by how easily [[Hydrogen Ion (Chemistry)|Hydrogen ions]] are formed. The more easily [[Hydrogen Ion (Chemistry)|Hydrogen ions]] form, the stronger the [[acid]] (the higher the [[acidity]]).
: For a [[pH]] decrease of 1 there needs to be 10 times the number of dissociated [[Hydrogen Ion (Chemistry)|Hydrogen ions]] per [[litre]]. This will be affected by the [[concentration]] of [[acid]] and the strength of the [[acid]] ([[acidity]]).
 
===Examples===
Some [[acid]]s are so strong that all of the [[Hydrogen Ion (Chemistry)|Hydrogen ions]] become dissociated from the rest of the [[compound]].
: HCl(aq) → H<sup>+</sup>(aq) + Cl<sup>-</sup>(aq)
: HBr(aq) → H<sup>+</sup>(aq) + Br<sup>-</sup>(aq)
: HI(aq) → H<sup>+</sup>(aq) + I<sup>-</sup>(aq)
In many [[acid]]s not all of the [[molecule]]s will lose their [[Hydrogen Ion (Chemistry)|Hydrogen ions]] and this process can be reversed leaving them in a state of [[Dynamic Equilibrium|equilibrium]]:
: H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>(aq) ⇌ H<sup>+</sup>(aq) + HSO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>(aq)
: HNO<sub>3</sub>(aq) ⇌ H<sup>+</sup>(aq) + NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>(aq)
: H<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>(aq) ⇌ H<sup>+</sup>(aq) + HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>(aq)
: H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>(aq) ⇌ H<sup>+</sup>(aq) + H<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>(aq)
: CH<sub>3</sub>COOH(aq) ⇌ H<sup>+</sup>(aq) + CH<sub>3</sub>COO<sup>-</sup>(aq)
 
===Extra Information===
{{#ev:youtube|https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DupXDD87oHc}}
 
===References===
====AQA====
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851346/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851346&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=3ac654f4b0da781c49c855a1af4c92ea ''Acids, pages 107, 280, GCSE Chemistry, Hodder, AQA'']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/178294639X/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=178294639X&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=51599bb45a2bfaf7c1b6a978b2ca2616 ''Acids, pages 124-132, 134, 140, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy; Chemistry, CGP, AQA'']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945598/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945598&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=ad276ad49df77ab4b40ab4fd0fe09655 ''Acids, pages 128, 129,131, GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, AQA'']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0008158762/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0008158762&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=a0fffa35b3ea49a63404f6704e0df7cc ''Acids, pages 130-1, 140-5, 148-9, GCSE Chemistry; Student Book, Collins, AQA'']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945962/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945962&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=476bb5c8d1dfb5c08ac81b6d4d1c98d8 ''Acids, pages 146-157, 159, 165, 242, 243, GCSE Chemistry, CGP, AQA'']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851354/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851354&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=9012a0d354024419214fb3ad5ac44ba0 ''Acids, pages 209, 247, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy 1, Hodder, AQA'']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945571/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945571&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=9e29fad914244909903e5e93f8a01d29 ''Acids, pages 51-55, 82, GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, AQA'']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359381/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359381&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=47c8d1ae58d8b3a5e2094cd447154558 ''Acids, pages 74-77, 85, 90-99, 164-165, GCSE Chemistry; Third Edition, Oxford University Press, AQA'']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0008158762/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0008158762&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=a0fffa35b3ea49a63404f6704e0df7cc ''Acids; acid rain, pages 166-7, 312, 314-5, GCSE Chemistry; Student Book, Collins, AQA'']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851346/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851346&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=3ac654f4b0da781c49c855a1af4c92ea ''Acids; carboxylic, pages 182, 183-4, GCSE Chemistry, Hodder, AQA'']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851346/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851346&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=3ac654f4b0da781c49c855a1af4c92ea ''Acids; common reactions, page 281, GCSE Chemistry, Hodder, AQA'']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851346/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851346&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=3ac654f4b0da781c49c855a1af4c92ea ''Acids; dilute and concentrated, page 110, GCSE Chemistry, Hodder, AQA'']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851354/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851354&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=9012a0d354024419214fb3ad5ac44ba0 ''Acids; dilute and concentrated, page 211, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy 1, Hodder, AQA'']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851354/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851354&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=9012a0d354024419214fb3ad5ac44ba0 ''Acids; reaction with alkalis, pages 249, 252-3, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy 1, Hodder, AQA'']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851354/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851354&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=9012a0d354024419214fb3ad5ac44ba0 ''Acids; reaction with ammonia, page 248, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy 1, Hodder, AQA'']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851346/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851346&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=3ac654f4b0da781c49c855a1af4c92ea ''Acids; reaction with metal carbonates, page 113, GCSE Chemistry, Hodder, AQA'']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851354/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851354&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=9012a0d354024419214fb3ad5ac44ba0 ''Acids; reaction with metal carbonates, pages 214, 248, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy 1, Hodder, AQA'']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851354/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851354&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=9012a0d354024419214fb3ad5ac44ba0 ''Acids; reaction with metal hydrogencarbonates, page 232, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy 1, Hodder, AQA'']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851346/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851346&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=3ac654f4b0da781c49c855a1af4c92ea ''Acids; reaction with metal hydroxides, pages 111-12, GCSE Chemistry, Hodder, AQA'']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851354/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851354&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=9012a0d354024419214fb3ad5ac44ba0 ''Acids; reaction with metal hydroxides, pages 213-14, 248, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy 1, Hodder, AQA'']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851346/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851346&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=3ac654f4b0da781c49c855a1af4c92ea ''Acids; reaction with metal oxides, pages 112-13, GCSE Chemistry, Hodder, AQA'']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851354/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851354&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=9012a0d354024419214fb3ad5ac44ba0 ''Acids; reaction with metal oxides, pages 214, 248, 249, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy 1, Hodder, AQA'']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851354/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851354&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=9012a0d354024419214fb3ad5ac44ba0 ''Acids; reaction with metals, pages 202, 205, 213, 248, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy 1, Hodder, AQA'']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851346/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851346&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=3ac654f4b0da781c49c855a1af4c92ea ''Acids; reaction with metals, pages 99, 100, 111, GCSE Chemistry, Hodder, AQA'']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851346/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851346&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=3ac654f4b0da781c49c855a1af4c92ea ''Acids; strong and weak, pages 109-10, GCSE Chemistry, Hodder, AQA'']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0008158762/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0008158762&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=a0fffa35b3ea49a63404f6704e0df7cc ''Acids; strong and weak, pages 130-1, 152-3, GCSE Chemistry; Student Book, Collins, AQA'']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851354/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851354&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=9012a0d354024419214fb3ad5ac44ba0 ''Acids; strong and weak, pages 210-11, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy 1, Hodder, AQA'']
 
====Edexcel====
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945741/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945741&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=30da4f2178da182547b62a7329d13b57 ''Acids, pages 105-107, GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782948147/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782948147&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=f63dcd8345f4e49c717b39a228a36c7c ''Acids, pages 118-127, 305, 306, GCSE Chemistry, CGP, Edexcel '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120193/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120193&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=572df39392fb4200db8391d98ae6314e ''Acids, pages 196-197, 198-199, GCSE Combined Science, Pearson Edexcel '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945725/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945725&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=694be7494de75af3349537d34e13f7f0 ''Acids, pages 43-45, 102, GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120215/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120215&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=8f96ddb76196848bafdb124354e4cf77 ''Acids, pages 52-53, 54-55, GCSE Chemistry, Pearson, Edexcel '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782948147/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782948147&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=f63dcd8345f4e49c717b39a228a36c7c ''Acids; concentration, pages 123, 124, GCSE Chemistry, CGP, Edexcel '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120193/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120193&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=572df39392fb4200db8391d98ae6314e ''Acids; reaction with metals, page 210, GCSE Combined Science, Pearson Edexcel '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120215/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120215&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=8f96ddb76196848bafdb124354e4cf77 ''Acids; reaction with metals, page 66, GCSE Chemistry, Pearson, Edexcel '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782948147/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782948147&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=f63dcd8345f4e49c717b39a228a36c7c ''Acids; reactions of, page 120, 125-127, 130-132, 149, 185, 186, 204, 205, 291, 292, GCSE Chemistry, CGP, Edexcel '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945725/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945725&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=694be7494de75af3349537d34e13f7f0 ''Acids; reactions of, page 43, 45, 47, 53, 65, 65, 69, 78, 79, 100, GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945741/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945741&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=30da4f2178da182547b62a7329d13b57 ''Acids; reactions of, pages 105, 107, 109, 115, 129, 130, GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782948147/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782948147&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=f63dcd8345f4e49c717b39a228a36c7c ''Acids; strength, pages 122-124, GCSE Chemistry, CGP, Edexcel '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120193/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120193&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=572df39392fb4200db8391d98ae6314e ''Acids; strong, page 199, GCSE Combined Science, Pearson Edexcel '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120215/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120215&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=8f96ddb76196848bafdb124354e4cf77 ''Acids; strong, page 55, GCSE Chemistry, Pearson, Edexcel '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120193/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120193&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=572df39392fb4200db8391d98ae6314e ''Acids; weak, page 199, GCSE Combined Science, Pearson Edexcel '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120215/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120215&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=8f96ddb76196848bafdb124354e4cf77 ''Acids; weak, page 55, GCSE Chemistry, Pearson, Edexcel '']
 
====OCR====
 
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945695/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945695&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=ceafcc80bcad6b6754ee97a0c7ceea53 ''Acids, pages 112-115, Gateway GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, OCR '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359829/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359829&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=90e8d7b4f039d53035238fa0320fe00b ''Acids, pages 112-119, Gateway GCSE Chemistry, Oxford, OCR '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945679/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945679&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=a2db42f7b4bdf10cafaafa3bb9120940 ''Acids, pages 43-45, 64, GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, OCR Gateway '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359829/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359829&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=90e8d7b4f039d53035238fa0320fe00b ''Acids; carboxylic acids, pages 236-237, Gateway GCSE Chemistry, Oxford, OCR '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359829/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359829&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=90e8d7b4f039d53035238fa0320fe00b ''Acids; concentration, pages 118-119, 274-275, Gateway GCSE Chemistry, Oxford, OCR '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359829/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359829&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=90e8d7b4f039d53035238fa0320fe00b ''Acids; metal reactions, pages 142, 264-265, Gateway GCSE Chemistry, Oxford, OCR '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359829/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359829&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=90e8d7b4f039d53035238fa0320fe00b ''Acids; neutralisation reactions, pages 102, 114-115, 166-169, 274-275, Gateway GCSE Chemistry, Oxford, OCR '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945679/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945679&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=a2db42f7b4bdf10cafaafa3bb9120940 ''Acids; reactions of, pages 43, 45, 46, 51, 56, GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, OCR Gateway '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359829/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359829&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=90e8d7b4f039d53035238fa0320fe00b ''Acids; salt production, pages 114-115, 276-277, Gateway GCSE Chemistry, Oxford, OCR '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359829/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359829&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=90e8d7b4f039d53035238fa0320fe00b ''Acids; titrations, pages 166-169, 274-275, Gateway GCSE Chemistry, Oxford, OCR '']
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