19,879
edits
Changes
→Balancing Equations
: MgF<sub>2</sub> + 2K → 2KF + Mg
|}
====Balancing Equations with Ions====
If the [[charge]] on an [[ion]] is known, this information can be used to find the [[Chemical Formula|chemical formula]] of an [[Ionic Compound|ionic compound]] and be used to '''balance''' a '''symbol equation'''.
: [[Group 1]] [[Element]]s all form +1 [[ion]]s; Li<sup>+1</sup>, Na<sup>+1</sup>, K<sup>+1</sup>
: [[Group 2]] [[Element]]s all form +2 [[ion]]s; Be<sup>+2</sup>, Mg<sup>+2</sup>, Ca<sup>+2</sup>
: [[Group 3]] [[Element]]s all form +3 [[ion]]s; Al<sup>+3</sup>
: [[Transition Metal]] [[Element]]s can form different [[ion]]s which are shown by [[Roman Numeral]]s; Iron can form [[Fe]](II) which is [[Fe]]<sup>+2</sup> or [[Fe]](III) is [[Fe]]<sup>+3</sup>,
Manganese can form [[Mn]](II) which is [[Mn]]<sup>+2</sup> or [[Mn]](IV) which is [[Mn]]<sup>+4</sup>
: [[Group 5]] [[Element]]s all form -3 [[ion]]s; N<sup>-3</sup>, P<sup>-3</sup>
: [[Group 6]] [[Element]]s all form -2 [[ion]]s; O<sup>-2</sup>, S<sup>-2</sup>
: [[Group 7]] [[Element]]s all form -1 [[ion]]s; F<sup>-1</sup>, Cl<sup>-1</sup>
: Some [[Simple Covalent Molecule|covalent]] [[compound]]s can form [[Negative Ion|negative ions]]; [[Carbonate]] forms -2 [[ion]]s CO<Sub>3</sub><sup>-2</sup>
[[Sulphate]] forms -2 [[ion]]s SO<Sub>4</sub><sup>-2</sup>
[[Nitrate]] forms -1 [[ion]]s NO<Sub>3</sub><sup>-1</sup>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |[[Group 1]] with [[Group 5]]
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Text
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Text
|-
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Since [[Group 1]] forms +1 [[ion]]s and [[Group 5]] forms -3 [[ion]]s there will be 3 [[Group 1]] [[ion]]s for each [[Group 5]] [[ion]].
Li<sub>3</sub>N
Na<sub>3</sub>P
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Since [[Group 3]] forms +3 [[ion]]s and [[Group 6]] forms -2 [[ion]]s there will be 2 [[Group 3]] [[ion]]s for every 3 [[Group 6]] [[ion]]s.
B<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub>
Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |[[Sulphate]] [[ion]]s and [[Carbonate]] [[ion]]s both have a [[charge]] of -2 while [[Group 2]] [[ion]]s have a [[charge]] of +2 so there will be 1 [[Sulphate]] or [[Carbonate]] for every 1 [[Group 2]] [[ion]].
MgSO<sub>4</sub>
CaCO <sub>3</sub>
|}