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Acid

484 bytes added, 17:47, 4 January 2019
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: When a [[compound]] does [[dissolve]] in [[water]] to produce an [[acid]] not all of the [[Hydrogen Ion (Chemistry)|Hydrogen ion]]s will dissociate from the [[compound]]. The strength of an [[acid]], or its [[acidity]], is determined by how easily [[Hydrogen Ion (Chemistry)|Hydrogen ions]] are formed. The more easily [[Hydrogen Ion (Chemistry)|Hydrogen ions]] form, the stronger the [[acid]] (the higher the [[acidity]].
: For a [[pH]] decrease of 1 there needs to be 10 times the number of dissociated [[Hydrogen Ion (Chemistry)|Hydrogen ions]] per [[litre]]. This will be affected by the [[concentration]] of [[acid]] and the strength of the [[acid]] ([[acidity]]).
 
===Examples===
: HCl(s) → H<sup>+</sup>(aq)+Cl<sup>-</sup>(aq)
: H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>(s) → 2H<sup>+</sup>(aq)+SO<sub>4</sub><sup>-2</sup>(aq)
: HNO<sub>3</sub>(s) → H<sup>+</sup>(aq)+NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>(aq)
: H<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>(s) → 2H<sup>+</sup>(aq)+CO<sub>3</sub><sup>-2</sup>(aq)
: H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>(s) → 3H<sup>+</sup>(aq)+PO<sub>4</sub><sup>-3</sup>(aq)
: CH<sub>3</sub>COOH(s) → H<sup>+</sup>(aq)+CH<sub>3</sub>COO<sup>-</sup>(aq)