State Symbols

Key Stage 4

Meaning

State symbols are symbols used in a symbol equation to identify the state of chemicals in a reaction.

About State Symbols

The state symbols are:

• (g) - Gas
• (l) - Liquid
• (s) - Solid
• (aq) - Dissolved in water

Examples

Hydrogen + Oxygen → Water

H_{2 (g)} + O_{2 (g)} → H₂O_(l)

Magnesium + Oxygen → Magnesium Oxide

2Mg + O_{2 (g)} → 2MgO_(s)

Sodium Iodide + Lead Nitrate → Sodium Nitrate + Lead Iodide

2NaI_(aq) + Pb(NO₃)_{2 (aq)} → 2NaNO_{3 (aq)} + PbI_{2 (s)}

Sodium Hydroxide + Chlorine → Sodium Hypochlorate (Bleach) + Sodium Chloride + Water

2NaOH_(aq) + Cl_{2 (g)} → NaOCl_(aq) + NaCl_(aq) + H₂O_(l)

References

AQA

State symbols, page 101, GCSE Chemistry, CGP, AQA

State symbols, page 121, GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, AQA

State symbols, page 36, GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, AQA

State symbols, page 99, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy; Chemistry, CGP, AQA

State symbols, pages 184, 251, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy 1, Hodder, AQA

State symbols, pages 6-7, GCSE Chemistry; Third Edition, Oxford University Press, AQA

State symbols, pages 68-9, GCSE Chemistry; Student Book, Collins, AQA

Edexcel

State symbols, page 13, GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel

State symbols, page 25, GCSE Chemistry, CGP, Edexcel

State symbols, page 56, GCSE Chemistry, Pearson, Edexcel

State symbols, page 76, GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel

OCR

State symbols, page 109, Gateway GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, OCR

State symbols, page 37, Gateway GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, OCR

State symbols, page 93, Gateway GCSE Chemistry, Oxford, OCR