Pancreas

Key Stage 4

Meaning

A computer generated image of a pancreas.

The pancreas is an organ in the Digestive System and an endocrine gland.

The Pancreas and Digestion

The pancreas produces digestive enzymes including pancreatic amylase, trypsin (which is a type of protease and lipase.

The digestive enzymes are passed down the pancreatic duct which joins with the bile duct before arriving in the Small Intestine.

The Pancreas as an Endocrine Gland

The pancreas secretes the hormones insulin and glucagon to regulate blood glucose levels.

When the blood glucose level is too high the pancreas produces insulin to reduce the blood glucose level.

When the blood glucose level is too low the pancreas produces glucagon to increase the blood glucose level.

The liver is a target organ for the hormone glucagon and insulin.

In Type 1 Diabetes the pancreas is damaged and cannot produce insulin to regulate blood glucose levels.

In Type 2 Diabetes the pancreas may be overworked having to produce much more insulin than it would in a healthy animal.

References

AQA

Pancreas, page 36, 38, 49, 161-165, GCSE Biology; Third Edition, Oxford University Press, AQA

Pancreas, pages 100, 103, 191, 192, GCSE Biology; Student Book, Collins, AQA

Pancreas, pages 12, 13, 14, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy 2, Hodder, AQA

Pancreas, pages 31, 73, 74, GCSE Biology; The Revision Guide, CGP, AQA

Pancreas, pages 45, 47, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy 1, Hodder, AQA

Pancreas, pages 61, 62, GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, AQA

Pancreas, pages 67, 181, 184, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy; Biology, CGP, AQA

Pancreas, pages 73, 207, 210, GCSE Biology, CGP, AQA

Edexcel

Pancreas, page 142, GCSE Biology, Pearson, Edexcel

Pancreas, pages 224, 238, 239, GCSE Biology, CGP, Edexcel

Pancreas, pages 77, 81, GCSE Biology; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel

OCR

Pancreas, pages 37, 40, Gateway GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, OCR