Difference between revisions of "Empirical Formula"
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|[[File:BallandStickButan12diol.png|center|200px]] | |[[File:BallandStickButan12diol.png|center|200px]] | ||
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The [[ratio]] of [[Hydrogen]] [[atom]]s to [[Oxygen]] [[atom]]s | The [[ratio]] of [[Hydrogen]] [[atom]]s to [[Oxygen]] [[atom]]s | ||
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So the '''empirical formula''' is H<sub>2</sub>O | So the '''empirical formula''' is H<sub>2</sub>O | ||
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In this [[diagram]] there are 4 [[Carbon]] [[atom]]s, 10 [[Hydrogen]] [[atom]]s. | In this [[diagram]] there are 4 [[Carbon]] [[atom]]s, 10 [[Hydrogen]] [[atom]]s. | ||
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So the '''empirical formula''' is C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub> | So the '''empirical formula''' is C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub> | ||
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In this [[diagram]] there are 4 [[Carbon]] [[atom]]s, 10 [[Hydrogen]] [[atom]]s and 2 [[Oxygen]] [[atom]]s. | In this [[diagram]] there are 4 [[Carbon]] [[atom]]s, 10 [[Hydrogen]] [[atom]]s and 2 [[Oxygen]] [[atom]]s. | ||
Revision as of 16:29, 2 January 2019
Key Stage 4
Meaning
An empirical formula is the simplest ratio of the different types of atom in a compound.
About Empirical Formulae
The empirical formula of a compound may not be the same as the chemical formula:
- Ethane - Chemical Formula C2H6, Empirical Formula CH3
- Ethene - Chemical Formula C2H4, Empirical Formula CH2
- Propene - Chemical Formula C3H6, Empirical Formula CH2
- Glucose - Chemical Formula C6H12O6, Empirical Formula CH2O
- Lactic Acid - Chemical Formula C3H6O3, Empirical Formula CH2O
- Empirical formulae are calculated from the amount of atoms in a chemical reaction.
- The number of atoms can be found if you know the mass of different elements and the relative atomic mass of the elements in the reaction.
Finding the Empirical Formula
| Number of Atoms | Picture | Structural Diagram |
| 100 atoms of Hydrogen react completely with 50 atoms of Oxygen. |  |
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The ratio of Hydrogen atoms to Oxygen atoms H:O 100:50 2:1 So the empirical formula is H2O |
In this diagram there are 4 Carbon atoms, 10 Hydrogen atoms. C:H 4:10 2:5 So the empirical formula is C2H5 |
In this diagram there are 4 Carbon atoms, 10 Hydrogen atoms and 2 Oxygen atoms. C:H:O 4:10:2 2:5:1 So the empirical formula is C2H5O
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