Difference between revisions of "Rest Mass"
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===About Rest Mass=== | ===About Rest Mass=== | ||
| − | : The '''rest mass''' is | + | : The [[SI Unit]] of '''rest mass''' is the [[kilogram|kilogram (kg)]]. |
| + | : '''Rest mass''' is a [[scalar]] quantity as it has [[magnitude]] but does not have a direction. | ||
: The [[mass]] of [[Subatomic Particle|subatomic particles]] depends up their relative motion. This becomes significant at speeds approaching the [[Speed of Light|speed of light]]. | : The [[mass]] of [[Subatomic Particle|subatomic particles]] depends up their relative motion. This becomes significant at speeds approaching the [[Speed of Light|speed of light]]. | ||
: The '''rest mass''' of a [[Subatomic Particle|particle]] is [[Mass-Energy Equivalence|equivalent]] to its total [[energy]] (when stationary relative to an observer) divided by the [[Speed of Light|speed of light]] squared. | : The '''rest mass''' of a [[Subatomic Particle|particle]] is [[Mass-Energy Equivalence|equivalent]] to its total [[energy]] (when stationary relative to an observer) divided by the [[Speed of Light|speed of light]] squared. | ||
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===Examples=== | ===Examples=== | ||
{| border="1" style="border-collapse:collapse" | {| border="1" style="border-collapse:collapse" | ||
| − | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"| | + | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|[[Subatomic Particle|Particle]] |
| style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|'''Rest Mass / kg''' | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|'''Rest Mass / kg''' | ||
| − | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"| | + | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|[[Unified Atomic Mass Units]] |
| − | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"| | + | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|[[Rest Energy]] / MeV |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"| | + | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|[[Proton]] (<math>p</math>) |
| style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>1.67\times10^{-27}</math> | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>1.67\times10^{-27}</math> | ||
| − | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>1. | + | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>1.007</math> |
| style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>938</math> | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>938</math> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"| | + | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|[[Neutron]] (<math>n</math>) |
| style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>1.67\times10^{-27}</math> | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>1.67\times10^{-27}</math> | ||
| − | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>1. | + | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>1.009</math> |
| style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>939</math> | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>939</math> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"| | + | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|[[Electron]] (<math>e</math>) |
| style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>9.11\times10^{-31}</math> | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>9.11\times10^{-31}</math> | ||
| style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>0.05486</math> | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>0.05486</math> | ||
| style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>5.11</math> | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>5.11</math> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"| | + | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|[[Muon]] (<math>\mu</math>) |
| style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>1.88\times10^{-28}</math> | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>1.88\times10^{-28}</math> | ||
| style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>0.1134</math> | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>0.1134</math> | ||
| style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>106</math> | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>106</math> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"| | + | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|[[π-meson]] (<math>\pi^±</math>) |
| style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>2.49\times10^{-28}</math> | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>2.49\times10^{-28}</math> | ||
| style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>0.1500</math> | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>0.1500</math> | ||
| style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>140</math> | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>140</math> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"| | + | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|[[π-meson]] (<math>\pi^0</math>) |
| style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>2.41\times10^{-28}</math> | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>2.41\times10^{-28}</math> | ||
| style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>0.1449</math> | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>0.1449</math> | ||
| style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>135</math> | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>135</math> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"| | + | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|[[K-meson]] (<math>K^±</math>) |
| style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>8.80\times10^{-28}</math> | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>8.80\times10^{-28}</math> | ||
| style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>0.5300</math> | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>0.5300</math> | ||
| style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>494</math> | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>494</math> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"| | + | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|[[K-meson]] (<math>K^0</math>) |
| style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>8.87\times10^{-28}</math> | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>8.87\times10^{-28}</math> | ||
| style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>0.5442</math> | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>0.5442</math> | ||
| style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>498</math> | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>498</math> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"| | + | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|[[Photon]] (<math>\gamma</math>) |
| style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>0</math> | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>0</math> | ||
| style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>0</math> | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>0</math> | ||
| style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>0</math> | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>0</math> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"| | + | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|[[Neutrino]] (<math>\nu</math>) |
| style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>0</math> | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>0</math> | ||
| style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>0</math> | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>0</math> | ||
| style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>0</math> | | style="height:20px; width:150px; text-align:center;"|<math>0</math> | ||
|} | |} | ||
Latest revision as of 14:48, 25 July 2019
Contents
Key Stage 5
Meaning
The rest mass of a particle is total mass of the particle when it is stationary relative to the observer.
About Rest Mass
- The SI Unit of rest mass is the kilogram (kg).
- Rest mass is a scalar quantity as it has magnitude but does not have a direction.
- The mass of subatomic particles depends up their relative motion. This becomes significant at speeds approaching the speed of light.
- The rest mass of a particle is equivalent to its total energy (when stationary relative to an observer) divided by the speed of light squared.
- The rest mass for a given subatomic particle is the same from all reference frames.
- The rest mass for a given particle is identical to the rest mass of its antimatter counterpart.
Equations
The rest mass is related to the rest energy by the mass-energy equivalence shown in the following equation
\(m = \frac{E}{c^2}\)
Where
\(m =\) The rest mass of a particle.
\(E =\) The rest energy of a particle.
\(c =\) The speed of light (\(3.00\times10^{8}ms^{-1}\) in a vacuum).
Examples
| Particle | Rest Mass / kg | Unified Atomic Mass Units | Rest Energy / MeV |
| Proton (\(p\)) | \(1.67\times10^{-27}\) | \(1.007\) | \(938\) |
| Neutron (\(n\)) | \(1.67\times10^{-27}\) | \(1.009\) | \(939\) |
| Electron (\(e\)) | \(9.11\times10^{-31}\) | \(0.05486\) | \(5.11\) |
| Muon (\(\mu\)) | \(1.88\times10^{-28}\) | \(0.1134\) | \(106\) |
| π-meson (\(\pi^±\)) | \(2.49\times10^{-28}\) | \(0.1500\) | \(140\) |
| π-meson (\(\pi^0\)) | \(2.41\times10^{-28}\) | \(0.1449\) | \(135\) |
| K-meson (\(K^±\)) | \(8.80\times10^{-28}\) | \(0.5300\) | \(494\) |
| K-meson (\(K^0\)) | \(8.87\times10^{-28}\) | \(0.5442\) | \(498\) |
| Photon (\(\gamma\)) | \(0\) | \(0\) | \(0\) |
| Neutrino (\(\nu\)) | \(0\) | \(0\) | \(0\) |