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Difference between revisions of "Taxonomy"
 
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==Key Stage 2==
 
==Key Stage 2==
 
===Meaning===
 
===Meaning===
−
'''Grouping living things''' is done to make it easier to identify different creatures.
+
'''Classification of living things''' is done to make it easier to identify different creatures.
  
 
===About Grouping Living Things===
 
===About Grouping Living Things===
−
: Living things can be grouped in different ways.
+
: Living things can be '''classified''' in different ways.
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: Scientists usually group things by common features or common behaviour.
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: Scientists usually '''classify''' things by common features or common behaviour.
  
 
===Examples===
 
===Examples===
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Invertebrates:
 
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Snail, Worm, Octopus, Insect, Arachnid
 
  
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Vertebrates
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====Vertebrates and Invertebrates====
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Reptile, Mammal, Bird, Fish, Amphibian.
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: A [[vertebrate]] is an animal with a backbone.
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: An [[invertebrate]] is an animal without a backbone.
 +
 
 +
{| class="wikitable"
 +
|+ All of these animals have a backbone so they examples of vertebrates.
 +
|[[File:Newt.png|center|200px]]
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|[[File:Puffin.png|center|200px]]
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|[[File:Trout.png|center|200px]]
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|[[File:Fox.png|center|200px]]
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|[[File:Adder.png|center|200px]]
 +
|-
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| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Amphibians are vertebrates.
 +
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Birds are vertebrates.
 +
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Fish are vertebrates.
 +
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Mammals are vertebrates.
 +
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Reptiles are vertebrates.
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
{| class="wikitable"
 +
|+ None of these animals have a backbone so they are examples of invertebrates.
 +
|[[File:Snail.png|center|200px]]
 +
|[[File:Earthworm.png|center|200px]]
 +
|[[File:Scorpion.png|center|200px]]
 +
|[[File:Octopus.png|center|200px]]
 +
|[[File:Fly.png|center|200px]]
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|-
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| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Snails are invertebrates.
 +
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Earthworms are invertebrates.
 +
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Scorpions are invertebrates.
 +
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Octopuses are invertebrates.
 +
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Flies are invertebrates.
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
====Flowering Plants and other Plants====
 +
: [[Flowering Plants]] are [[plant]]s that grow [[Flower|flowers]].
 +
: Not all [[Plant|plants]] grow [[Flower|flowers]]. There are also [[Moss|Mosses]], [[Fern|Ferns]] and [[Conifer|Conifers]] which don't grow flowers.
 +
 
 +
{| class="wikitable"
 +
|+ There are 4 main groups of plants.
 +
|[[File:AppleTreeBlossom.png|center|200px]]
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|[[File:Conifer.png|center|200px]]
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|[[File:Moss.png|center|200px]]
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|[[File:Fern.png|center|200px]]
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|-
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| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |[[Flowering Plants]].
 +
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |[[Conifer|Coniferous Plants]].
 +
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |[[Moss|Mosses]]
 +
| style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |[[Fern|Ferns]]
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
==Key Stage 4==
 +
===Meaning===
 +
'''Taxonomy''' is sorting living [[organism]]s into groups based on their similarities.
 +
 
 +
===About Taxonomy===
 +
: Before the discovery of [[DNA]] '''taxonomy''' was purely based on the appearance and behaviour of [[organism]]s.
 +
[[Carl Linnaeus]] developed a system of '''taxonomy''' based on the similar characteristics of [[organism]]s. [[Organism]]s were put into groups and sub-groups:
 +
*[[Kingdom]] - The largest group. Examples include [[animal]]s and [[plant]]s.
 +
*[[Phylum]] - The second largest group. Examples include [[chordata]] (animals with a backbone) and [[Arthropoda]] (animals with jointed legs and segmented bodies).
 +
*[[Class]] - Examples include [[mammal]]s (humans, neanderthals, chimpanzees, bonobos, gorillas, baboons, lemurs, dolphins, whales, cows, badgers) and [[bird]]s (crows, ostriches).
 +
*[[Order]] - Examples include [[primate]]s (humans, neanderthals, chimpanzees, bonobos, gorillas, baboons, lemurs) and [[cetacea]] (dolphins and whales).
 +
*[[Family]] - Examples include [[hominidae]] (humans, neanderthals, chimpanzees, bonobos and gorillas) and [[Cercopithecidae]] (baboons).
 +
*[[Genus]] - Examples include [[Homo]] ([[sapien]]s and [[neanderthal]]s) and [[Pan]] (chimpanzees and bonobos).
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*[[Species]] - Sapien is the name for our [[species]] of [[human]].
 +
Developments in [[genetic]]s have further added to this system with three [[Domain]]s above the [[Kingdom]]s:
 +
*[[Archaea]] - Primitive forms of [[bacteria]].
 +
*[[Bacteria]]
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*[[Eukaryota]] - All [[Eukaryotic Cell|eukaryotic]] [[organism]]s.
 +
: Analysis of [[DNA]] evidence has resulted in many changes to where [[organism]]s are placed in the '''taxonomy''' system. For example Panda's were once though to be closely related to the weasel but genetic evidence shows they are a type of bear moving them from the family; Mustelidae to the family; Ursidae.

Latest revision as of 18:43, 27 October 2019

Contents

Key Stage 2

Meaning

Classification of living things is done to make it easier to identify different creatures.

About Grouping Living Things

Living things can be classified in different ways.
Scientists usually classify things by common features or common behaviour.

Examples

Vertebrates and Invertebrates

A vertebrate is an animal with a backbone.
An invertebrate is an animal without a backbone.
All of these animals have a backbone so they examples of vertebrates.
 
 
 
 
 
Amphibians are vertebrates. Birds are vertebrates. Fish are vertebrates. Mammals are vertebrates. Reptiles are vertebrates.
None of these animals have a backbone so they are examples of invertebrates.
 
 
 
 
 
Snails are invertebrates. Earthworms are invertebrates. Scorpions are invertebrates. Octopuses are invertebrates. Flies are invertebrates.

Flowering Plants and other Plants

Flowering Plants are plants that grow flowers.
Not all plants grow flowers. There are also Mosses, Ferns and Conifers which don't grow flowers.
There are 4 main groups of plants.
 
 
 
 
Flowering Plants. Coniferous Plants. Mosses Ferns

Key Stage 4

Meaning

Taxonomy is sorting living organisms into groups based on their similarities.

About Taxonomy

Before the discovery of DNA taxonomy was purely based on the appearance and behaviour of organisms.

Carl Linnaeus developed a system of taxonomy based on the similar characteristics of organisms. Organisms were put into groups and sub-groups:

Developments in genetics have further added to this system with three Domains above the Kingdoms:

Analysis of DNA evidence has resulted in many changes to where organisms are placed in the taxonomy system. For example Panda's were once though to be closely related to the weasel but genetic evidence shows they are a type of bear moving them from the family; Mustelidae to the family; Ursidae.
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