Difference between revisions of "Taxonomy"
| (11 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
==Key Stage 2== | ==Key Stage 2== | ||
===Meaning=== | ===Meaning=== | ||
| − | ''' | + | '''Classification of living things''' is done to make it easier to identify different creatures. |
===About Grouping Living Things=== | ===About Grouping Living Things=== | ||
| − | : Living things can be ''' | + | : Living things can be '''classified''' in different ways. |
| − | : Scientists usually ''' | + | : Scientists usually '''classify''' things by common features or common behaviour. |
===Examples=== | ===Examples=== | ||
| Line 21: | Line 21: | ||
|[[File:Adder.png|center|200px]] | |[[File:Adder.png|center|200px]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" | | + | | style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Amphibians are vertebrates. |
| − | | style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" | | + | | style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Birds are vertebrates. |
| − | | style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" | | + | | style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Fish are vertebrates. |
| − | | style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" | | + | | style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Mammals are vertebrates. |
| − | | style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" | | + | | style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Reptiles are vertebrates. |
|} | |} | ||
| Line 36: | Line 36: | ||
|[[File:Fly.png|center|200px]] | |[[File:Fly.png|center|200px]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" | | + | | style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Snails are invertebrates. |
| − | | style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" | | + | | style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Earthworms are invertebrates. |
| − | | style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" | | + | | style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Scorpions are invertebrates. |
| − | | style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" | | + | | style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Octopuses are invertebrates. |
| − | | style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" | | + | | style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |Flies are invertebrates. |
|} | |} | ||
| − | + | ====Flowering Plants and other Plants==== | |
| − | + | : [[Flowering Plants]] are [[plant]]s that grow [[Flower|flowers]]. | |
| + | : Not all [[Plant|plants]] grow [[Flower|flowers]]. There are also [[Moss|Mosses]], [[Fern|Ferns]] and [[Conifer|Conifers]] which don't grow flowers. | ||
| − | + | {| class="wikitable" | |
| − | + | |+ There are 4 main groups of plants. | |
| + | |[[File:AppleTreeBlossom.png|center|200px]] | ||
| + | |[[File:Conifer.png|center|200px]] | ||
| + | |[[File:Moss.png|center|200px]] | ||
| + | |[[File:Fern.png|center|200px]] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |[[Flowering Plants]]. | ||
| + | | style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |[[Conifer|Coniferous Plants]]. | ||
| + | | style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |[[Moss|Mosses]] | ||
| + | | style="height:20px; width:200px; text-align:center;" |[[Fern|Ferns]] | ||
| + | |} | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Key Stage 4== | ||
| + | ===Meaning=== | ||
| + | '''Taxonomy''' is sorting living [[organism]]s into groups based on their similarities. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===About Taxonomy=== | ||
| + | : Before the discovery of [[DNA]] '''taxonomy''' was purely based on the appearance and behaviour of [[organism]]s. | ||
| + | [[Carl Linnaeus]] developed a system of '''taxonomy''' based on the similar characteristics of [[organism]]s. [[Organism]]s were put into groups and sub-groups: | ||
| + | *[[Kingdom]] - The largest group. Examples include [[animal]]s and [[plant]]s. | ||
| + | *[[Phylum]] - The second largest group. Examples include [[chordata]] (animals with a backbone) and [[Arthropoda]] (animals with jointed legs and segmented bodies). | ||
| + | *[[Class]] - Examples include [[mammal]]s (humans, neanderthals, chimpanzees, bonobos, gorillas, baboons, lemurs, dolphins, whales, cows, badgers) and [[bird]]s (crows, ostriches). | ||
| + | *[[Order]] - Examples include [[primate]]s (humans, neanderthals, chimpanzees, bonobos, gorillas, baboons, lemurs) and [[cetacea]] (dolphins and whales). | ||
| + | *[[Family]] - Examples include [[hominidae]] (humans, neanderthals, chimpanzees, bonobos and gorillas) and [[Cercopithecidae]] (baboons). | ||
| + | *[[Genus]] - Examples include [[Homo]] ([[sapien]]s and [[neanderthal]]s) and [[Pan]] (chimpanzees and bonobos). | ||
| + | *[[Species]] - Sapien is the name for our [[species]] of [[human]]. | ||
| + | Developments in [[genetic]]s have further added to this system with three [[Domain]]s above the [[Kingdom]]s: | ||
| + | *[[Archaea]] - Primitive forms of [[bacteria]]. | ||
| + | *[[Bacteria]] | ||
| + | *[[Eukaryota]] - All [[Eukaryotic Cell|eukaryotic]] [[organism]]s. | ||
| + | : Analysis of [[DNA]] evidence has resulted in many changes to where [[organism]]s are placed in the '''taxonomy''' system. For example Panda's were once though to be closely related to the weasel but genetic evidence shows they are a type of bear moving them from the family; Mustelidae to the family; Ursidae. | ||
Latest revision as of 18:43, 27 October 2019
Contents
Key Stage 2
Meaning
Classification of living things is done to make it easier to identify different creatures.
About Grouping Living Things
- Living things can be classified in different ways.
- Scientists usually classify things by common features or common behaviour.
Examples
Vertebrates and Invertebrates
- A vertebrate is an animal with a backbone.
- An invertebrate is an animal without a backbone.
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
| Amphibians are vertebrates. | Birds are vertebrates. | Fish are vertebrates. | Mammals are vertebrates. | Reptiles are vertebrates. |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
| Snails are invertebrates. | Earthworms are invertebrates. | Scorpions are invertebrates. | Octopuses are invertebrates. | Flies are invertebrates. |
Flowering Plants and other Plants
- Flowering Plants are plants that grow flowers.
- Not all plants grow flowers. There are also Mosses, Ferns and Conifers which don't grow flowers.
 |
 |
 |
 |
| Flowering Plants. | Coniferous Plants. | Mosses | Ferns |
Key Stage 4
Meaning
Taxonomy is sorting living organisms into groups based on their similarities.
About Taxonomy
Carl Linnaeus developed a system of taxonomy based on the similar characteristics of organisms. Organisms were put into groups and sub-groups:
- Kingdom - The largest group. Examples include animals and plants.
- Phylum - The second largest group. Examples include chordata (animals with a backbone) and Arthropoda (animals with jointed legs and segmented bodies).
- Class - Examples include mammals (humans, neanderthals, chimpanzees, bonobos, gorillas, baboons, lemurs, dolphins, whales, cows, badgers) and birds (crows, ostriches).
- Order - Examples include primates (humans, neanderthals, chimpanzees, bonobos, gorillas, baboons, lemurs) and cetacea (dolphins and whales).
- Family - Examples include hominidae (humans, neanderthals, chimpanzees, bonobos and gorillas) and Cercopithecidae (baboons).
- Genus - Examples include Homo (sapiens and neanderthals) and Pan (chimpanzees and bonobos).
- Species - Sapien is the name for our species of human.
Developments in genetics have further added to this system with three Domains above the Kingdoms: