Difference between revisions of "Quark"
(→Conserved Quantities) |
(→Conserved Quantities) |
||
Line 25: | Line 25: | ||
| style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"| | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"| | ||
[[Up-quark]] | [[Up-quark]] | ||
− | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math> | + | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>Q=+\frac{2}{3}</math> |
| style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>S=0</math> | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>S=0</math> | ||
| style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>B=+\frac{1}{3}</math> | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>B=+\frac{1}{3}</math> | ||
Line 32: | Line 32: | ||
| style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"| | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"| | ||
[[Down-quark]] | [[Down-quark]] | ||
− | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math> | + | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>Q=-\frac{1}{3}</math> |
| style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>S=0</math> | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>S=0</math> | ||
| style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>B=+\frac{1}{3}</math> | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>B=+\frac{1}{3}</math> | ||
Line 39: | Line 39: | ||
| style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"| | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"| | ||
[[Strange-quark]] | [[Strange-quark]] | ||
− | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math> | + | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>Q=-\frac{1}{3}</math> |
| style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>S=-1</math> | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>S=-1</math> | ||
| style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>B=+\frac{1}{3}</math> | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>B=+\frac{1}{3}</math> | ||
Line 46: | Line 46: | ||
| style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"| | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"| | ||
[[Top-quark]] | [[Top-quark]] | ||
− | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math> | + | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>Q=+\frac{2}{3}</math> |
| style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>S=0</math> | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>S=0</math> | ||
| style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>B=+\frac{1}{3}</math> | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>B=+\frac{1}{3}</math> | ||
Line 53: | Line 53: | ||
| style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"| | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"| | ||
[[Bottom-quark]] | [[Bottom-quark]] | ||
− | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math> | + | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>Q=-\frac{1}{3}</math> |
| style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>S=0</math> | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>S=0</math> | ||
| style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>B=+\frac{1}{3}</math> | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>B=+\frac{1}{3}</math> | ||
Line 60: | Line 60: | ||
| style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"| | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"| | ||
[[Charm-quark]] | [[Charm-quark]] | ||
− | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math> | + | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>Q=+\frac{2}{3}</math> |
| style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>S=0</math> | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>S=0</math> | ||
| style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>B=+\frac{1}{3}</math> | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>B=+\frac{1}{3}</math> | ||
Line 76: | Line 76: | ||
| style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"| | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"| | ||
[[Antiup-quark]] | [[Antiup-quark]] | ||
− | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math> | + | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>Q=-\frac{2}{3}</math> |
| style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>S=0</math> | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>S=0</math> | ||
| style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>B=-\frac{1}{3}</math> | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>B=-\frac{1}{3}</math> | ||
Line 83: | Line 83: | ||
| style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"| | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"| | ||
[[Antidown-quark]] | [[Antidown-quark]] | ||
− | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math> | + | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>Q=+\frac{1}{3}</math> |
| style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>S=0</math> | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>S=0</math> | ||
| style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>B=-\frac{1}{3}</math> | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>B=-\frac{1}{3}</math> | ||
Line 90: | Line 90: | ||
| style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"| | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"| | ||
[[Antistrange-quark]] | [[Antistrange-quark]] | ||
− | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math> | + | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>Q=+\frac{1}{3}</math> |
| style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>S=+1</math> | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>S=+1</math> | ||
| style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>B=-\frac{1}{3}</math> | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>B=-\frac{1}{3}</math> | ||
Line 97: | Line 97: | ||
| style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"| | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"| | ||
[[Antitop-quark]] | [[Antitop-quark]] | ||
− | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math> | + | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>Q=-\frac{2}{3}</math> |
| style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>S=0</math> | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>S=0</math> | ||
| style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>B=-\frac{1}{3}</math> | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>B=-\frac{1}{3}</math> | ||
Line 104: | Line 104: | ||
| style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"| | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"| | ||
[[Antibottom-quark]] | [[Antibottom-quark]] | ||
− | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math> | + | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>Q=+\frac{1}{3}</math> |
| style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>S=0</math> | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>S=0</math> | ||
| style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>B=-\frac{1}{3}</math> | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>B=-\frac{1}{3}</math> | ||
Line 111: | Line 111: | ||
| style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"| | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"| | ||
[[Anticharm-quark]] | [[Anticharm-quark]] | ||
− | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math> | + | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>Q=-\frac{2}{3}</math> |
| style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>S=0</math> | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>S=0</math> | ||
| style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>B=-\frac{1}{3}</math> | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>B=-\frac{1}{3}</math> | ||
| style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>L=0</math> | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>L=0</math> | ||
|} | |} |
Revision as of 17:52, 18 July 2019
Key Stage 5
Meaning
Quarks (q) are a type of fermion and are the constituent parts of hadrons.
About Quarks
- Quarks are believed to be fundamental particles but they have never been observed on their own.
- Quarks always exist as part of hadron including a baryon, which is a triplet of quarks or a meson which is a quark-antiquark pair.
- There are 6 types of quark including:
- Up-quark (u) - With a charge of \(+\frac{2}{3}\)e, two of which are found in proton and one of which is found in a neutron.
- Down-quark (d) - With a charge of \(-\frac{1}{3}\)e, two of which are found in a neutron and one of which is found in a proton.
- Strange-quark (s) - With a charge of \(-\frac{1}{3}\)e which decays quickly via the weak interaction into a down-quark.
- Top-quark (t) - With a charge of \(+\frac{2}{3}\)e which decays quickly via the weak interaction.
- Bottom-quark (b) - With a charge of \(-\frac{1}{3}\)e which decays quickly via the weak interaction.
- Charm-quark (c) - With a charge of \(+\frac{2}{3}\)e which decays quickly via the weak interaction.
Conserved Quantities
Quark | Charge/e | Strangeness | Baryon Number | Lepton Number |
\(Q=+\frac{2}{3}\) | \(S=0\) | \(B=+\frac{1}{3}\) | \(L=0\) | |
\(Q=-\frac{1}{3}\) | \(S=0\) | \(B=+\frac{1}{3}\) | \(L=0\) | |
\(Q=-\frac{1}{3}\) | \(S=-1\) | \(B=+\frac{1}{3}\) | \(L=0\) | |
\(Q=+\frac{2}{3}\) | \(S=0\) | \(B=+\frac{1}{3}\) | \(L=0\) | |
\(Q=-\frac{1}{3}\) | \(S=0\) | \(B=+\frac{1}{3}\) | \(L=0\) | |
\(Q=+\frac{2}{3}\) | \(S=0\) | \(B=+\frac{1}{3}\) | \(L=0\) |
Antiquark | Charge/e | Strangeness | Baryon Number | Lepton Number |
\(Q=-\frac{2}{3}\) | \(S=0\) | \(B=-\frac{1}{3}\) | \(L=0\) | |
\(Q=+\frac{1}{3}\) | \(S=0\) | \(B=-\frac{1}{3}\) | \(L=0\) | |
\(Q=+\frac{1}{3}\) | \(S=+1\) | \(B=-\frac{1}{3}\) | \(L=0\) | |
\(Q=-\frac{2}{3}\) | \(S=0\) | \(B=-\frac{1}{3}\) | \(L=0\) | |
\(Q=+\frac{1}{3}\) | \(S=0\) | \(B=-\frac{1}{3}\) | \(L=0\) | |
\(Q=-\frac{2}{3}\) | \(S=0\) | \(B=-\frac{1}{3}\) | \(L=0\) |