Difference between revisions of "Physics Key Stage 5"

Revision as of 18:48, 23 January 2021

Vectors and Scalars

• the distinction between vector and scalar quantities • resolution of vectors into two components at right angles • addition rule for two vectors • calculations for two perpendicular vectors

Mechanics

Kinematics

• use of kinematic equations in one dimension with constant velocity or acceleration • graphical representation of accelerated motion • interpretation of velocity-time and displacement-time graphs

Dynamics

• use of F = ma when mass is constant • one- and two-dimensional motion under constant force • independent effect of perpendicular components with uniform acceleration, projectile motion

Energy

• calculation of work done for constant forces, including force not along the line of motion • calculation of exchanges between gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy • principle of conservation of energy

Momentum

• definition • principle of conservation of momentum • calculations for one-dimensional problems

Circular Motion - Y13

• radian measure of angle and angular velocity • application of F = ma = mv2/r = mrω2 to motion in a circle at constant speed • oscillations: • simple harmonic motion • quantitative treatment using a = –ω²x and its solution x = A cos ωt.

Mechanical Properties of Matter

• stress, strain, Young modulus • force-extension graphs, energy stored

Electrical Circuits

Current

• electric current as rate of flow of charge, I = Δq/Δt

EMF and Potential Difference

• definition of emf and concept of internal resistance • potential difference in terms of energy transfer

Resistance

• definition • resistivity • Ohm’s law

DC Circuits

• conservation of charge and energy in circuits • relationships between currents, voltages and resistances in series and parallel circuits • power dissipated • potential divider circuits

Capacitance - Y13

• definition • energy of a capacitor • quantitative treatment of charge and discharge curves

Waves

• qualitative treatment of polarisation and diffraction • path difference, phase and coherence, interference • graphical treatment of superposition and stationary waves

Matter - Y13

• molecular kinetic theory: • ideal gases; pV = NkT • absolute zero • relationship between temperature and average molecular kinetic energy • internal energy: • idea of internal energy • energy required for temperature change = mcΔθ

Quantum and Nuclear Physics

Photons and Particles

• photon model to explain observable phenomena • evidence supporting the photon model • wave-particle duality, particle diffraction

Photoelectric Effect

Subatomic Particles

Subatomic Particle

Fermions

Hadrons
- Baryons
  - Protons
  - Neutrons
- Meson
  - π-meson
  - K-meson
Quarks
Leptons

Bosons

Particle Properties

Particle Conservation Laws

Fundamental Interactions

Mass-Energy Equivalence

Nuclear Decay - Y13

• connections between nature, penetration and range of emissions from radioactive substances • evidence for existence of nucleus • activity of radioactive sources and idea of half-life • modelling with constant decay probability leading to exponential decay • nuclear changes in decay

Nuclear Energy

• fission and fusion processes • E = mc2 applied to nuclear processes • calculations relating mass difference to energy change

Fields - Y13

Force Fields

• concept and definition • gravitational force and inverse square field for point (or spherical) masses • electric force and field for point (or spherical) charges in a vacuum • electric and gravitational potential and changes in potential energy • uniform electric field • similarities and differences between electric and gravitational fields

B-fields

• force on a straight wire and force on a moving charge in a uniform field

Flux and electromagnetic induction

• concept and definition • Faraday’s and Lenz’s laws • emf equals rate of change of magnetic flux linkage

@@ Line 72: / Line 72: @@
 • evidence supporting the photon model
 • wave-particle duality, particle diffraction
+[[Photoelectric Effect]]
+*[[Photoelectron]]
+*[[Threshold Frequency]]
+*[[Work Function]]
+*[[Stopping Potential]]
 ====Subatomic Particles====
 [[Subatomic Particle]]