Difference between revisions of "Periodic Table"
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===About The Periodic Table=== | ===About The Periodic Table=== | ||
: The modern [[Periodic Table]] was arranged by a scientist called [[Mendeleev]]. Others had tried to arrange all the [[element]]s before, but [[Mendeleev]] was the first to arrange by both [[Atomic Number]] and [[Chemical Property|chemical properties]]. | : The modern [[Periodic Table]] was arranged by a scientist called [[Mendeleev]]. Others had tried to arrange all the [[element]]s before, but [[Mendeleev]] was the first to arrange by both [[Atomic Number]] and [[Chemical Property|chemical properties]]. | ||
− | : The columns of the [[Periodic Table]] are called [[Group]]s. | + | : The columns of the [[Periodic Table]] are called [[Group (Chemistry)|group]]s. |
: The rows of the [[Periodic Table]] are called [[Period (Chemistry)|Period]]s. | : The rows of the [[Periodic Table]] are called [[Period (Chemistry)|Period]]s. | ||
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===Groups=== | ===Groups=== | ||
− | : The [[element]]s are arranged [[group]]s of similar [[Chemical | + | : The [[element]]s are arranged [[Group (Chemistry)|group]]s of similar [[Chemical Property|chemical properties]]. |
− | : [[Element]]s have similar [[Chemical | + | : [[Element]]s have similar [[Chemical Property|chemical properties]] when they have the same number of [[electron]]s in the [[Outer Shell]]. |
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
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|} | |} | ||
====Trends within groups==== | ====Trends within groups==== | ||
− | The [[Chemical Property|chemical properties]] of [[element]]s within a [[group] are similar. However, the [[reactivity]] within a [[group]] changes as you move up or down the [[Period (Chemistry)|period]]s. | + | The [[Chemical Property|chemical properties]] of [[element]]s within a [[Group (Chemistry)|group]] are similar. However, the [[reactivity]] within a [[Group (Chemistry)|group]] changes as you move up or down the [[Period (Chemistry)|period]]s. |
− | *[[Group 1]]: The [[Alkali Metal]]s all react strongly with water. The [[reactivity]] increases as you go down the [[group]]. | + | *[[Group 1]]: The [[Alkali Metal]]s all react strongly with water. The [[reactivity]] increases as you go down the [[Group (Chemistry)|group]]. |
− | *[[Group 2]]: The [[Alkali Earth Metal]]s all react strongly with steam and acids. The [[reactivity]] increases as you go down the [[group]]. | + | *[[Group 2]]: The [[Alkali Earth Metal]]s all react strongly with steam and acids. The [[reactivity]] increases as you go down the [[Group (Chemistry)|group]]. |
− | *[[Group 7]]: The [[Halogen]]s all act as bleaching agents and kill bacteria. The reactivity decreases as you go down the [[group]]. | + | *[[Group 7]]: The [[Halogen]]s all act as bleaching agents and kill bacteria. The reactivity decreases as you go down the [[Group (Chemistry)|group]]. |
*[[Group 0]]: The [[Noble Gases]] are all inert (unreactive). | *[[Group 0]]: The [[Noble Gases]] are all inert (unreactive). | ||
− | The [[Physical Property|physical properties]] of [[element]]s within a [[group]] are similar. However, the property changes gradually as you move down the [[group]]. | + | The [[Physical Property|physical properties]] of [[element]]s within a [[Group (Chemistry)|group]] are similar. However, the property changes gradually as you move down the [[Group (Chemistry)|group]]. |
===Periods=== | ===Periods=== |
Revision as of 09:30, 1 October 2018
Contents
Key Stage 3
Meaning
The Periodic Table is a chart listing all the known elements arranged in order of Atomic Number and in columns of elements with similar properties.
About The Periodic Table
- The modern Periodic Table was arranged by a scientist called Mendeleev. Others had tried to arrange all the elements before, but Mendeleev was the first to arrange by both Atomic Number and chemical properties.
- The columns of the Periodic Table are called groups.
- The rows of the Periodic Table are called Periods.
Groups
- The elements are arranged groups of similar chemical properties.
- Elements have similar chemical properties when they have the same number of electrons in the Outer Shell.
Trends within groups
The chemical properties of elements within a group are similar. However, the reactivity within a group changes as you move up or down the periods.
- Group 1: The Alkali Metals all react strongly with water. The reactivity increases as you go down the group.
- Group 2: The Alkali Earth Metals all react strongly with steam and acids. The reactivity increases as you go down the group.
- Group 7: The Halogens all act as bleaching agents and kill bacteria. The reactivity decreases as you go down the group.
- Group 0: The Noble Gases are all inert (unreactive).
The physical properties of elements within a group are similar. However, the property changes gradually as you move down the group.
Periods
- The periods are arranged by the number of Electron Shells.
Trends within Periods
- The chemical and physical properties of elements change as you move along a period.
Period 2 Melting Points | Period 3 Melting Points |
There is a trend in the Melting Points as you move along the period. | A similar trend can be seen in the next period. |