Difference between revisions of "Electron"
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| − | + | ==Key Stage 3== | |
| + | ===Meaning=== | ||
| + | [[File:AtomDiagram.png|right|300px|thumb|This diagram shows the [[electron]]s [[orbit]]ing an [[atom]].]] | ||
| + | An [[electron]] is a small [[particle]] found [[Orbit|orbiting]] the centre of an [[atom]]. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===About Electrons=== | ||
| + | : [[Electron]]s [[Negative Charge|negatively charged]]. | ||
| + | : In [[Electrical Conductor|conductors]] [[electron]]s can pass easily from one [[atom]] to the next. | ||
| + | : When [[electron]]s move it is called an [[Electrical Current|electrical current]]. | ||
| + | |||
| + | To see how [[electron]]s are arranged around the nucleus of atoms or to see how [[electron]]s move around a [[circuit]] click on the pictures below to play a PHET simulation. | ||
| + | |||
| + | {| class="wikitable" | ||
| + | |[[File:PhetAtom.png|centre|300px|link=https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/build-an-atom/latest/build-an-atom_en.html]] | ||
| + | |[[File:PhetCircuit2.png|centre|300px|link=https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/circuit-construction-kit-dc/latest/circuit-construction-kit-dc_en.html]] | ||
| + | |} | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Key Stage 4== | ||
| + | ===Meaning=== | ||
| + | The [[Electron]] is a [[Negative Charge|negatively charged]] [[particle]] found [[orbit]] the [[nucleus]] of an [[atom]] in [[Electron Orbital|electron shell]]s. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===About Electrons=== | ||
| + | : [[Electron]]s have a [[Relative Atomic Charge|relative atomic charge]] of -1 and a [[Relative Atomic Mass|relative atomic mass]] of 1/1840. | ||
| + | : The [[electron]]s and their [[Electron Orbital|shells]] are responsible for the chemistry of an [[atom]]. | ||
| + | : When [[atom]]s [[bond]] to form [[molecule]]s some [[atom]]s can share their [[electron]]s forming a [[Covalent Bond]], some transfer an [[electron]] from one [[atom]] to another forming an [[Ionic Bond]] while others allow [[electron]]s to pass freely between many [[atom]]s forming a [[Metallic Bond]]. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Key Stage 5== | ||
| + | ===Meaning=== | ||
| + | An '''electron''' ('''e''') is a type of [[lepton]] with a [[mass]] of 9.11x10<sup>-31</sup>kg and [[Electrical Charge|charge]] of -1.60x10<sup>-19</sup> [[Coulomb]]s. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===About Electrons=== | ||
| + | : The '''electron''' is denoted with a lower case '''e'''. | ||
| + | : '''Electrons''' are [[Fundamental Particle|fundamental particles]] as they are not made of any smaller [[particle]]s. | ||
| + | : '''Electrons''' are affected by the: | ||
| + | :*[[Weak Nuclear Interaction]] | ||
| + | :*[[Electromagnetic Interaction]] | ||
| + | :*[[Gravitational Interaction]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | {| border="1" style="border-collapse:collapse" | ||
| + | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|'''Lepton''' | ||
| + | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|[[Electrical Charge|'''Charge''']]/[[Elementary Charge|e]] | ||
| + | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|'''[[Strangeness]]''' | ||
| + | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|'''[[Conservation of Baryon Number|Baryon Number]]''' | ||
| + | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|'''[[Conservation of Lepton Number|Lepton Number]]''' | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"| | ||
| + | [[Electron]] | ||
| + | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>Q=-1</math> | ||
| + | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>S=0</math> | ||
| + | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>B=0</math> | ||
| + | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>L=+1</math> | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"| | ||
| + | [[Electron-neutrino]] | ||
| + | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>Q=0</math> | ||
| + | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>S=0</math> | ||
| + | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>B=0</math> | ||
| + | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>L=+1</math> | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"| | ||
| + | [[Positron]] | ||
| + | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>Q=+1</math> | ||
| + | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>S=0</math> | ||
| + | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>B=0</math> | ||
| + | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>L=-1</math> | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"| | ||
| + | [[Antielectron-neutrino]] | ||
| + | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>Q=0</math> | ||
| + | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>S=0</math> | ||
| + | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>B=0</math> | ||
| + | | style="height:20px; width:120px; text-align:center;"|<math>L=-1</math> | ||
| + | |} | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===References=== | ||
| + | ====AQA==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0008158762/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0008158762&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=a0fffa35b3ea49a63404f6704e0df7cc ''Electron, pages 12-3, 22, 24-5, 106, GCSE Chemistry; Student Book, Collins, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0008158762/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0008158762&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=a0fffa35b3ea49a63404f6704e0df7cc ''Electron; delocalisation, pages 37, 56, 59, 66-7, 82-3, GCSE Chemistry; Student Book, Collins, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0008158762/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0008158762&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=a0fffa35b3ea49a63404f6704e0df7cc ''Electron; sharing, pages 38-9, 58, GCSE Chemistry; Student Book, Collins, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0008158762/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0008158762&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=a0fffa35b3ea49a63404f6704e0df7cc ''Electron; shell, pages 22-3, 30-1, GCSE Chemistry; Student Book, Collins, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0008158762/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0008158762&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=a0fffa35b3ea49a63404f6704e0df7cc ''Electron; transfer, pages 37-9, 58, 60-1, 164-5, GCSE Chemistry; Student Book, Collins, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359381/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359381&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=47c8d1ae58d8b3a5e2094cd447154558 ''Electrons, page 5, GCSE Chemistry; Third Edition, Oxford University Press, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851370/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851370&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=01c69b0ae058f809cf636033e6ba793e ''Electrons, page 88, GCSE Physics, Hodder, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782946403/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782946403&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=32a0abb60dff015b15b50e9b1d7b4644 ''Electrons, pages 110, 111, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy; Physics, CGP, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851354/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851354&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=9012a0d354024419214fb3ad5ac44ba0 ''Electrons, pages 117-18, 338, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy 1, Hodder, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945571/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945571&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=9e29fad914244909903e5e93f8a01d112 ''Electrons, pages 12, 19, 20, 23, 28-32, GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945970/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945970&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=a120d24dcc7cc7a58192069a3aafc1d2 ''Electrons, pages 122-124, GCSE Physics; The Complete 9-1 Course for AQA, CGP, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945962/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945962&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=476bb5c8d1dfb5c08ac81b6d4d1c98d8 ''Electrons, pages 22, 23, 25, 42-45 72-76, 80-85, GCSE Chemistry, CGP, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/178294639X/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=178294639X&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=51599bb45a2bfaf7c1b6a978b2ca2616 ''Electrons, pages 22, 23, 25, 42-45, 70-74, 78-83, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy; Chemistry, CGP, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851346/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851346&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=3ac654f4b0da781c49c855a1af4c92ea ''Electrons, pages 2-3, GCSE Chemistry, Hodder, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/178294558X/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=178294558X&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=f0dfb66dafcb0c6e9449e7b1a4ae1ac126 ''Electrons, pages 35, 43-45, GCSE Physics; The Revision Guide, CGP, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/019835939X/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=019835939X&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=57e96876985fc39b1a3d8a3e3dc238b6 ''Electrons, pages 50-55, GCSE Physics; Third Edition, Oxford University Press, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945598/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945598&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=ad276ad49df77ab4b40ab4fd0fe09889 ''Electrons, pages 96, 104, 105, 113, 114, 116, 197, GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782946403/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782946403&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=32a0abb60dff015b15b50e9b1d7b4644 ''Electrons; beta particles, page 115, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy; Physics, CGP, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945970/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945970&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=a120d24dcc7cc7a58192069a3aafc1d2 ''Electrons; beta particles, page 127, GCSE Physics; The Complete 9-1 Course for AQA, CGP, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359381/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359381&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=47c8d1ae58d8b3a5e2094cd447154558 ''Electrons; charge, page 14, GCSE Chemistry; Third Edition, Oxford University Press, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359381/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359381&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=47c8d1ae58d8b3a5e2094cd447154558 ''Electrons; chemical cells, pages 120-121, GCSE Chemistry; Third Edition, Oxford University Press, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851346/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851346&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=3ac654f4b0da781c49c855a1af4c92ea ''Electrons; delocalised, page 45, GCSE Chemistry, Hodder, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359381/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359381&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=47c8d1ae58d8b3a5e2094cd447154558 ''Electrons; delocalised, pages 49-51, 53, GCSE Chemistry; Third Edition, Oxford University Press, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851354/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851354&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=9012a0d354024419214fb3ad5ac44ba0 ''Electrons; discovery of, page 341, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy 1, Hodder, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851370/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851370&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=01c69b0ae058f809cf636033e6ba793e ''Electrons; discovery of, page 91, GCSE Physics, Hodder, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782946403/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782946403&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=32a0abb60dff015b15b50e9b1d7b4644 ''Electrons; discovery, page 108, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy; Physics, CGP, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945970/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945970&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=a120d24dcc7cc7a58192069a3aafc1d2 ''Electrons; discovery, page 120, GCSE Physics; The Complete 9-1 Course for AQA, CGP, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359381/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359381&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=47c8d1ae58d8b3a5e2094cd447154558 ''Electrons; discovery, pages 12-13, GCSE Chemistry; Third Edition, Oxford University Press, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359381/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359381&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=47c8d1ae58d8b3a5e2094cd447154558 ''Electrons; electrolysis, pages 104-105, GCSE Chemistry; Third Edition, Oxford University Press, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851346/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851346&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=3ac654f4b0da781c49c855a1af4c92ea ''Electrons; in oxidation and reduction reactions, page 103, GCSE Chemistry, Hodder, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1471851354/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1471851354&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=9012a0d354024419214fb3ad5ac44ba0 ''Electrons; in oxidation and reduction reactions, pages 204-5, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy 1, Hodder, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359381/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359381&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=47c8d1ae58d8b3a5e2094cd447154558 ''Electrons; ions, pages 16, 38-43, GCSE Chemistry; Third Edition, Oxford University Press, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359381/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359381&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=47c8d1ae58d8b3a5e2094cd447154558 ''Electrons; metallic bonding, page 53, GCSE Chemistry; Third Edition, Oxford University Press, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782946403/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782946403&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=32a0abb60dff015b15b50e9b1d7b4644 ''Electrons; movement of, page 61, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy; Physics, CGP, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945970/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945970&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=a120d24dcc7cc7a58192069a3aafc1d2 ''Electrons; movement of, pages 63, 99, 100, GCSE Physics; The Complete 9-1 Course for AQA, CGP, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359381/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359381&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=47c8d1ae58d8b3a5e2094cd447154558 ''Electrons; periodicity, pages 19, 24-25, 30-31, GCSE Chemistry; Third Edition, Oxford University Press, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945571/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945571&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=9e29fad914244909903e5e93f8a01d113 ''Electrons; shells, pages 12, 19, 20, GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945962/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945962&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=476bb5c8d1dfb5c08ac81b6d4d1c98d8 ''Electrons; shells, pages 22, 43-45, GCSE Chemistry, CGP, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/178294639X/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=178294639X&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=51599bb45a2bfaf7c1b6a978b2ca2616 ''Electrons; shells, pages 22, 43-45, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy; Chemistry, CGP, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945598/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945598&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=ad276ad49df77ab4b40ab4fd0fe09890 ''Electrons; shells, pages 96, 104, 105, 197, GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, AQA ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359381/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359381&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=47c8d1ae58d8b3a5e2094cd447154558 ''Electrons; shielding, pages 30-31, GCSE Chemistry; Third Edition, Oxford University Press, AQA ''] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ====Edexcel==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120215/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120215&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=8f96ddb76196848bafdb124354e4cf77 ''Electrons, page 18, GCSE Chemistry, Pearson, Edexcel ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782948163/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782948163&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=0fdbfd5dd397d6e24a9dfb250f08587f ''Electrons, pages 151, 152, GCSE Physics, CGP, Edexcel ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945725/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945725&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=694be7494de75af3349537d34e13f7f0 ''Electrons, pages 16, 19, GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120193/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120193&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=572df39392fb4200db8391d98ae6314e ''Electrons, pages 162, 354, 380, GCSE Combined Science, Pearson Edexcel ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782948147/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782948147&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=f63dcd8345f4e49c717b39a228a36c7c ''Electrons, pages 32-36, 42, 43, GCSE Chemistry, CGP, Edexcel ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945733/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945733&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=2a2dbec9db6bf5766c0458d908fa0a52 ''Electrons, pages 49, 50, GCSE Physics; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945741/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945741&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=30da4f2178da182547b62a7329d13b57 ''Electrons, pages 79, 82, 172, 173, GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120223/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120223&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=068ecf40278c32406a7f1c6e66751417 ''Electrons, pages 90, 140, GCSE Physics, Pearson Edexcel ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782948163/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782948163&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=0fdbfd5dd397d6e24a9dfb250f08587f ''Electrons; annihilation, pages 157, 170, GCSE Physics, CGP, Edexcel ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782948163/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782948163&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=0fdbfd5dd397d6e24a9dfb250f08587f ''Electrons; beta particles, pages 156, 157, 159, GCSE Physics, CGP, Edexcel ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782948163/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782948163&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=0fdbfd5dd397d6e24a9dfb250f08587f ''Electrons; in atoms, pages 151, 152, GCSE Physics, CGP, Edexcel ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782948163/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782948163&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=0fdbfd5dd397d6e24a9dfb250f08587f ''Electrons; movement between energy levels, pages 128, 153, 154, GCSE Physics, CGP, Edexcel ''] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ====OCR==== | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945679/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945679&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=a2db42f7b4bdf10cafaafa3bb9120940 ''Electrons, pages 14, 17, Gateway GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, OCR ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359837/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359837&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=3c4229e8b023b2b60768e7ea2307cc6f ''Electrons, pages 18, 21, 94, 96-97, 105, 170, 178-179, Gateway GCSE Physics, Oxford, OCR ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359829/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359829&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=90e8d7b4f039d53035238fa0320fe00b ''Electrons, pages 27, 29, Gateway GCSE Chemistry, Oxford, OCR ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945695/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945695&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=ceafcc80bcad6b6754ee97a0c7ceea53 ''Electrons, pages 86-86, 88-90, 92, 150, 175, 195, 196, Gateway GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, OCR ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359829/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359829&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=90e8d7b4f039d53035238fa0320fe00b ''Electrons; covalent bonds, page 60, Gateway GCSE Chemistry, Oxford, OCR ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945695/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945695&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=ceafcc80bcad6b6754ee97a0c7ceea53 ''Electrons; energy levels, pages 84, 88, 196, Gateway GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, OCR ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945695/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945695&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=ceafcc80bcad6b6754ee97a0c7ceea53 ''Electrons; free elections, pages 94, 96, Gateway GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, OCR ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359829/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359829&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=90e8d7b4f039d53035238fa0320fe00b ''Electrons; ionic bonds, page 58, Gateway GCSE Chemistry, Oxford, OCR ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359829/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359829&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=90e8d7b4f039d53035238fa0320fe00b ''Electrons; metallic bonds, pages 66-67, Gateway GCSE Chemistry, Oxford, OCR ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359829/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359829&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=90e8d7b4f039d53035238fa0320fe00b ''Electrons; periodic table, pages 70-71, Gateway GCSE Chemistry, Oxford, OCR ''] | ||
| + | :[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359829/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359829&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=90e8d7b4f039d53035238fa0320fe00b ''Electrons; redox reactions, page 111, Gateway GCSE Chemistry, Oxford, OCR ''] | ||
Latest revision as of 21:13, 21 December 2019
Contents
Key Stage 3
Meaning
An electron is a small particle found orbiting the centre of an atom.
About Electrons
- Electrons negatively charged.
- In conductors electrons can pass easily from one atom to the next.
- When electrons move it is called an electrical current.
To see how electrons are arranged around the nucleus of atoms or to see how electrons move around a circuit click on the pictures below to play a PHET simulation.
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Key Stage 4
Meaning
The Electron is a negatively charged particle found orbit the nucleus of an atom in electron shells.
About Electrons
- Electrons have a relative atomic charge of -1 and a relative atomic mass of 1/1840.
- The electrons and their shells are responsible for the chemistry of an atom.
- When atoms bond to form molecules some atoms can share their electrons forming a Covalent Bond, some transfer an electron from one atom to another forming an Ionic Bond while others allow electrons to pass freely between many atoms forming a Metallic Bond.
Key Stage 5
Meaning
An electron (e) is a type of lepton with a mass of 9.11x10-31kg and charge of -1.60x10-19 Coulombs.
About Electrons
- The electron is denoted with a lower case e.
- Electrons are fundamental particles as they are not made of any smaller particles.
- Electrons are affected by the:
| Lepton | Charge/e | Strangeness | Baryon Number | Lepton Number |
| \(Q=-1\) | \(S=0\) | \(B=0\) | \(L=+1\) | |
| \(Q=0\) | \(S=0\) | \(B=0\) | \(L=+1\) | |
| \(Q=+1\) | \(S=0\) | \(B=0\) | \(L=-1\) | |
| \(Q=0\) | \(S=0\) | \(B=0\) | \(L=-1\) |
References
AQA
- Electron, pages 12-3, 22, 24-5, 106, GCSE Chemistry; Student Book, Collins, AQA
- Electron; delocalisation, pages 37, 56, 59, 66-7, 82-3, GCSE Chemistry; Student Book, Collins, AQA
- Electron; sharing, pages 38-9, 58, GCSE Chemistry; Student Book, Collins, AQA
- Electron; shell, pages 22-3, 30-1, GCSE Chemistry; Student Book, Collins, AQA
- Electron; transfer, pages 37-9, 58, 60-1, 164-5, GCSE Chemistry; Student Book, Collins, AQA
- Electrons, page 5, GCSE Chemistry; Third Edition, Oxford University Press, AQA
- Electrons, page 88, GCSE Physics, Hodder, AQA
- Electrons, pages 110, 111, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy; Physics, CGP, AQA
- Electrons, pages 117-18, 338, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy 1, Hodder, AQA
- Electrons, pages 12, 19, 20, 23, 28-32, GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, AQA
- Electrons, pages 122-124, GCSE Physics; The Complete 9-1 Course for AQA, CGP, AQA
- Electrons, pages 22, 23, 25, 42-45 72-76, 80-85, GCSE Chemistry, CGP, AQA
- Electrons, pages 22, 23, 25, 42-45, 70-74, 78-83, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy; Chemistry, CGP, AQA
- Electrons, pages 2-3, GCSE Chemistry, Hodder, AQA
- Electrons, pages 35, 43-45, GCSE Physics; The Revision Guide, CGP, AQA
- Electrons, pages 50-55, GCSE Physics; Third Edition, Oxford University Press, AQA
- Electrons, pages 96, 104, 105, 113, 114, 116, 197, GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, AQA
- Electrons; beta particles, page 115, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy; Physics, CGP, AQA
- Electrons; beta particles, page 127, GCSE Physics; The Complete 9-1 Course for AQA, CGP, AQA
- Electrons; charge, page 14, GCSE Chemistry; Third Edition, Oxford University Press, AQA
- Electrons; chemical cells, pages 120-121, GCSE Chemistry; Third Edition, Oxford University Press, AQA
- Electrons; delocalised, page 45, GCSE Chemistry, Hodder, AQA
- Electrons; delocalised, pages 49-51, 53, GCSE Chemistry; Third Edition, Oxford University Press, AQA
- Electrons; discovery of, page 341, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy 1, Hodder, AQA
- Electrons; discovery of, page 91, GCSE Physics, Hodder, AQA
- Electrons; discovery, page 108, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy; Physics, CGP, AQA
- Electrons; discovery, page 120, GCSE Physics; The Complete 9-1 Course for AQA, CGP, AQA
- Electrons; discovery, pages 12-13, GCSE Chemistry; Third Edition, Oxford University Press, AQA
- Electrons; electrolysis, pages 104-105, GCSE Chemistry; Third Edition, Oxford University Press, AQA
- Electrons; in oxidation and reduction reactions, page 103, GCSE Chemistry, Hodder, AQA
- Electrons; in oxidation and reduction reactions, pages 204-5, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy 1, Hodder, AQA
- Electrons; ions, pages 16, 38-43, GCSE Chemistry; Third Edition, Oxford University Press, AQA
- Electrons; metallic bonding, page 53, GCSE Chemistry; Third Edition, Oxford University Press, AQA
- Electrons; movement of, page 61, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy; Physics, CGP, AQA
- Electrons; movement of, pages 63, 99, 100, GCSE Physics; The Complete 9-1 Course for AQA, CGP, AQA
- Electrons; periodicity, pages 19, 24-25, 30-31, GCSE Chemistry; Third Edition, Oxford University Press, AQA
- Electrons; shells, pages 12, 19, 20, GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, AQA
- Electrons; shells, pages 22, 43-45, GCSE Chemistry, CGP, AQA
- Electrons; shells, pages 22, 43-45, GCSE Combined Science Trilogy; Chemistry, CGP, AQA
- Electrons; shells, pages 96, 104, 105, 197, GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, AQA
- Electrons; shielding, pages 30-31, GCSE Chemistry; Third Edition, Oxford University Press, AQA
Edexcel
- Electrons, page 18, GCSE Chemistry, Pearson, Edexcel
- Electrons, pages 151, 152, GCSE Physics, CGP, Edexcel
- Electrons, pages 16, 19, GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel
- Electrons, pages 162, 354, 380, GCSE Combined Science, Pearson Edexcel
- Electrons, pages 32-36, 42, 43, GCSE Chemistry, CGP, Edexcel
- Electrons, pages 49, 50, GCSE Physics; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel
- Electrons, pages 79, 82, 172, 173, GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, Edexcel
- Electrons, pages 90, 140, GCSE Physics, Pearson Edexcel
- Electrons; annihilation, pages 157, 170, GCSE Physics, CGP, Edexcel
- Electrons; beta particles, pages 156, 157, 159, GCSE Physics, CGP, Edexcel
- Electrons; in atoms, pages 151, 152, GCSE Physics, CGP, Edexcel
- Electrons; movement between energy levels, pages 128, 153, 154, GCSE Physics, CGP, Edexcel
OCR
- Electrons, pages 14, 17, Gateway GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, OCR
- Electrons, pages 18, 21, 94, 96-97, 105, 170, 178-179, Gateway GCSE Physics, Oxford, OCR
- Electrons, pages 27, 29, Gateway GCSE Chemistry, Oxford, OCR
- Electrons, pages 86-86, 88-90, 92, 150, 175, 195, 196, Gateway GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, OCR
- Electrons; covalent bonds, page 60, Gateway GCSE Chemistry, Oxford, OCR
- Electrons; energy levels, pages 84, 88, 196, Gateway GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, OCR
- Electrons; free elections, pages 94, 96, Gateway GCSE Combined Science; The Revision Guide, CGP, OCR
- Electrons; ionic bonds, page 58, Gateway GCSE Chemistry, Oxford, OCR
- Electrons; metallic bonds, pages 66-67, Gateway GCSE Chemistry, Oxford, OCR
- Electrons; periodic table, pages 70-71, Gateway GCSE Chemistry, Oxford, OCR
- Electrons; redox reactions, page 111, Gateway GCSE Chemistry, Oxford, OCR