Working Scientifically Key Stage 4

Working Scientifically

Scientific Enquiry

Beginning an Enquiry

• Hypothesis
• Prediction
• Scientific Theory
• Investigation
• Experiment

Variables

• • Independent Variable
  • Dependent Variable
  • Control
• Fair Test

Methodology

• Diagram
• Method
• Observations

Results

• Table of Results
• Repeats
• Data
  • Secondary Data

Conclusions

• Evaluation
• Evidence
  • Anecdotal Evidence
  • Empirical Evidence

Conclusions

• Description
• Explanation

Testing a Hypothesis

• Peer Review
• Reproducible

Evaluating a Method

• Repeatable
• Reproducible
• Reliable
• Accurate
• Precise

Theories

• Theory
• Scientific Theory
• Model - limited range of applicability

Laws

• Scientific Law

Communicating Ideas

• Scientific Paper
• Peer Review
• Science in the Media
• Bias

Data Handling

• Units
• Unit Prefixes
  • Kilo
  • Centi
  • Milli
  • Micro
• Converting Units
• Table of Results
• Experimental Errors
  • Human Error
  • Random Error
• Anomaly
• Mean Average

Graphs

• Bar Chart
• Line Graph
• Scatter Graph
  • Line of Best Fit
  • Correlation
    • Negative Correlation
    • Positive Correlation

Quantities and Units

• Mass
  • Kilogram
  • Grams
• Volume
  • Metres Cubed
  • Centimetres Cubed
  • Litres
  • Millilitres
• Time
  • Seconds
  • Minutes
• Distance
  • Kilometres
  • Metres
  • Centimetres
  • Millimetres
  • Micrometres
• Temperature
  • Degrees Celsius
• Energy
  • Joule
• Concentration
  • Molarity

Equipment

Measuring Equipment

• Measuring Cylinder
• Pipette
• Syringe
• Ruler
• Measuring Scale
• Stopwatch
• Thermometer

Observation Equipment

• Magnifying Glass
• Microscope
• Quadrat
• Pooter
• Sweepnet
• Pondnet
• Pitfall Trap
• Specimen Jar
• Petri Dish
• Growth Medium
  • Agar

Experimental Equipment

• Bottle
• Bottle and Dropper
• Indicator
• Incubator
• Water Bath
• U-Shaped Tube
• Delivery Tube
• Test Tube
• Boiling Tube
• Beaker
• Conical Flask
• Bung
• Buffer Solution
• Tweezers
• Spotting Tile
• Heatproof Mat
• Tripod
• Gauze
• Bunsen Burner
• Evaporating Dish
• Crucible
• Mortar and Pestle
• Tongs
• Test Tube Holder

Hazards and Risks

• Risk
• Hazard
• Hazard Symbol
  • Toxic
  • Flammable
  • Harmful
  • Irritant
  • Corrosive
  • Long Term Health Risk
  • Dangerous to the Environment
  • Biohazard