Biology Key Stage 4

Contents

Cell Biology

Cells

Eukaryotic Cells

• Animal Cell
  • Specialised Animal Cell
  • Stem Cell
• Plant Cell
  • Specialised Plant Cell
  • Meristem
• Fungal Cell
• Protist

Cell Structure

• Cytoplasm
• Cell Membrane
• Cell Wall
• Flagellum
• Ribosome

• Organelles
  • Nucleus
  • Mitochondrion
  • Chloroplast
  • Vacuole

Prokaryotic Cell

• Bacteria

Cell Structure

• Cytoplasm
• Cell Membrane
• Bacterial Cell Wall
• Flagellum
• Loop of DNA
• Plasmid
• Ribosome

Observing Cells

• Light Microscope
• Electron Microscope

GCSE Biology Required Practical: Using a Microscope

Transport in Cells

• Diffusion (adaptations for diffusion)
• Osmosis
• Active Transport
• Adaptations for Transport

GCSE Biology Required Practical: Osmosis in Plant Tissue

Enzymes

• pH and Enzymes
• Temperature and Enzymes
• Denaturing Enzymes

GCSE Biology Required Practical: Enzyme Rates of Reaction

Respiration

• Aerobic Respiration
• Anaerobic Respiration

Key Biological Molecules

• Carbohydrate
• Protein
• Nucleic Acid
• Lipid

GCSE Biology Required Practical: Food Tests

Organisation

• Cells
• Tissues
• Organs
• Organ Systems

Organ Systems in Animals

Digestive System

• Mouth
• Oesophagus
• Stomach
• Small Intestine
  • Villi
• Large Intestine
• Rectum
• Anus

Circulatory System

• Heart
  • Atrium
  • Ventricle
  • Heart Valves
  • Coronary Arteries
  • Stent
  • Pacemaker

• Blood
  • Plasma
  • Red Blood Cells
  • White Blood Cells
  • Platelets

• Blood Vessels
  • Artery
  • Vein
  • Capillary

Breathing System

• Mouth
• Trachea
• Bronchus
• Lungs
  • Bronchiole
  • Alveoli
• Rib Cage
  • Intercostal Muscle
• Diaphragm

Organ Systems in Plants

Transport System

• Xylem Tissue
  • Transpiration
• Phloem Tissue