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Atom
,→Meaning
==Key Stage 3==
===Meaning===
An [[atom]] is a very small [[particle]] made of [[proton]]s, [[neutron]]s and [[electron]]s that can join with other [[atom]]s to make [[molecule|molecules]] and is considered the smallest part of an [[element]].
:Singular [[Noun]]: '''Atom'''
===About Atoms beyond The Dalton Model===
: [[Atom]]s are made of three smaller [[particle]]s; the [[proton]], [[neutron]] and [[electron]].
: [[Proton]]s and [[neutron]]s are found in the [[Atomic Nucleus|nucleus]] at the centre of an [[atom]]. [[Electron]]s are found [[Electron Orbital|orbiting]] the [[Atomic Nucleus|nucleus]] in 'shells'.
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: In an [[atom]] the number of [[electron]]s is always the same as the number of [[proton]]s in the [[Atomic Nucleus|nucleus]].
: Different [[atom]]s can have different numbers of [[proton]]s and [[neutron]]s.
: The simplest [[atom]] is [[Hydrogen]] which has 1 [[proton]] and 1 [[electron]] and no [[neutron]]s.
==Key Stage 4==
===Meaning===
An [[atom]] is a very small [[particle]] made of [[proton]]s, [[neutron]]s and [[electron]]s that can join with other [[atom]]s to make [[molecule|molecules]] and is considered the smallest part of an [[element]].
===About Atoms===
====The Bohr Model of the Atom====
: In 1913 [[Neils Bohr]] added to the [[Nuclear Model]] when he proposed that [[electron]]s could only [[orbit]] the [[Atomic Nucleus|nucleus]] in specific [[Electron Orbital|electron orbitals]] or 'shells' creating the [[Bohr Model]] of the [[atom]].
====The Addition of the Proton====
: In 1919 [[Ernest Rutherford]] determined that the [[Hydrogen]] [[Atomic Nucleus|nucleus]] was present in all [[Atomic Nucleus|atomic nuclei]]. This introduced the [[proton]] to the model of the [[atom]].
====The Addition of the Neutron====
: In 1932 [[James Chadwick]] discovered a [[Neutral Charge|neutral]] [[Subatomic Particle|subatomic particle]] which he named a [[Neutron]]. This [[neutron]] explained the existence of [[isotope]]s and completed out modern understanding the model of the [[atom]] studied at GCSE.====The Electron Cloud====: ''NB: You don't need to know this'' The model of the [[atom]] was soon updated by [[Werner Heisenberg]] who determined that the exact position and velocity of [[electron]]s could not be known and so they do not '[[orbit]]', rather they exist in a cloud of probable locations around the [[Atomic Nucleus|nucleus]].
====Extra Information====
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120193/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120193&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=572df39392fb4200db8391d98ae6314e ''Atoms; structure, pages 356-357, GCSE Combined Science, Pearson Edexcel '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1292120223/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1292120223&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=068ecf40278c32406a7f1c6e66751417 ''Atoms; structure, pages 92-93, GCSE Physics, Pearson Edexcel '']
====OCR====
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359837/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359837&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=3c4229e8b023b2b60768e7ea2307cc6f ''Atoms, Gateway GCSE Physics, Oxford, OCR '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1782945679/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=1782945679&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=a2db42f7b4bdf10cafaafa3bb9120940 ''Atoms, pages 13-15, GCSE Chemistry; The Revision Guide, CGP, OCR Gateway '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359829/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359829&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=90e8d7b4f039d53035238fa0320fe00b ''Atoms, pages 22, 26, 96-97, Gateway GCSE Chemistry, Oxford, OCR '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359837/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359837&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=3c4229e8b023b2b60768e7ea2307cc6f ''Atoms; Energy levels, pages 178-179, Gateway GCSE Physics, Oxford, OCR '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359837/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359837&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=3c4229e8b023b2b60768e7ea2307cc6f ''Atoms; Isotopes, pages 170-171, Gateway GCSE Physics, Oxford, OCR '']
:[https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0198359837/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1634&creative=6738&creativeASIN=0198359837&linkCode=as2&tag=nrjc-21&linkId=3c4229e8b023b2b60768e7ea2307cc6f ''Atoms; Models of, pages 18-21, Gateway GCSE Physics, Oxford, OCR '']
==Beyond the Curriculum==
{{#ev:youtube|https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_lNF3_30lUE}}